scholarly journals Dormant Season Application of Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and Heterorhabditis sp. (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) on Almond for Control of Overwintering Amyelois transitella and Anarsia lineatella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Agudelo-Silva ◽  
Frank G. Zalom ◽  
Albert Hom ◽  
Lonnie Hendricks
Keyword(s):  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Amyelois Transitella ◽  
Anarsia Lineatella ◽  
Dormant Season

INFLUÊNCIA DO SUBSTRATO E DA LUMINOSIDADE NA INFECÇÃO DE NEMATOIDES ENTOMOPATOGÊNICOS EM Galleria mellonella (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Andressa Lima de Brida ◽  
Silvia Renata Siciliano Wilcken ◽  
Luis Garrigós Leite
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Nematoides entomopatogênicos (NEPs) são alternativas eficientes para o controle de pragas. O emprego de novas técnicas da produção in vivo, permite o progresso da tecnologia de formulação de bioinseticidas. O objetivo do trabalho, foi avaliar a influência da luminosidade e do substrato na capacidade de infecção de juvenis infectantes (JIs) de Steinernema brazilense IBCBn 06, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCBn 02, Steinernema feltiae IBCBn 47 e Heterorhabditis amazonensis IBCBn 24 em lagartas de Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições. As parcelas, constituídas por placa de Petri com, substrato-areia e substrato-papel filtro, com e sem luminosidade, inoculados com suspensão de 1,5 mL contendo 400JIs e quatro lagartas de G. mellonella. O número de JIs foi quantificado após a mortalidade das lagartas. A taxa de infecção de JIs de S. carpocapsae IBCBn 02 e S. feltiae IBCBn 47 variaram de 2,14 a 3,28 e de 11,04 a 13,09 JIs/lagarta. O substrato-areia com e sem luminosidade permitiu a maior taxa de infeção dos JIs de S. brazilense IBCBn 06 de 7,86 e 9,44 JIs/lagarta, e 13,49 JIs/lagarta com luminosidade para H. amazonensis IBCBn 24. O substrato-areia, permite a maior taxa de infecção por JIs de NEPs.

scholarly journals Fire, land cover, and temperature drivers of bat activity in winter

Fire Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo H. Jorge ◽  
Sara E. Sweeten ◽  
Michael C. True ◽  
Samuel R. Freeze ◽  
Michael J. Cherry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
White Nose Syndrome ◽  
Dormant Season ◽  
Wind Energy Development

Abstract Background Understanding the effects of disturbance events, land cover, and weather on wildlife activity is fundamental to wildlife management. Currently, in North America, bats are of high conservation concern due to white-nose syndrome and wind-energy development impact, but the role of fire as a potential additional stressor has received less focus. Although limited, the vast majority of research on bats and fire in the southeastern United States has been conducted during the growing season, thereby creating data gaps for bats in the region relative to overwintering conditions, particularly for non-hibernating species. The longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) ecosystem is an archetypal fire-mediated ecosystem that has been the focus of landscape-level restoration in the Southeast. Although historically fires predominately occurred during the growing season in these systems, dormant-season fire is more widely utilized for easier application and control as a means of habitat management in the region. To assess the impacts of fire and environmental factors on bat activity on Camp Blanding Joint Training Center (CB) in northern Florida, USA, we deployed 34 acoustic detectors across CB and recorded data from 26 February to 3 April 2019, and from 10 December 2019 to 14 January 2020. Results We identified eight bat species native to the region as present at CB. Bat activity was related to the proximity of mesic habitats as well as the presence of pine or deciduous forest types, depending on species morphology (i.e., body size, wing-loading, and echolocation call frequency). Activity for all bat species was influenced positively by either time since fire or mean fire return interval. Conclusion Overall, our results suggested that fire use provides a diverse landscape pattern at CB that maintains mesic, deciduous habitat within the larger pine forest matrix, thereby supporting the diverse bat community at CB during the dormant season and early spring.

Effectiveness of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Against Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Pupae and Nematode Compatibility with Chemical Insecticides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maguintontz Cedney Jean-Baptiste ◽  
Andressa Lima de Brida ◽  
Daniel Bernardi ◽  
Sérgio da Costa Dias ◽  
Juliano de Bastos Pazini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Pupal Mortality

Abstract The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is among the main pests of fruit crops worldwide. Biological control using entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) may be an alternative to suppress populations of this pest. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pathogenicity and virulence of six EPN isolates (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HB, H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47, and S. brazilense IBCB-n06) against C. capitata pupae. The compatibility of EPNs with different chemical insecticides that are registered for management of C. capitata was also assessed. Isolates of H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06 at a concentration of 1,000 infective juveniles (IJ)/ml proved to be most pathogenic to C. capitata (70 and 80% mortality, respectively). In contrast, the isolates H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47 provided pupal mortality of less than 60%. Bioassays to determine lethal concentrations indicated that concentrations of 600 IJ/ml (H. bacteriophora HB) and 1,000 IJ/ml (S. brazilense IBCB-n06) showed the highest virulence against C. capitata pupae. In contrast, the highest numbers of IJs emerged at concentrations of 1,200 and 200 IJ/ml. In compatibility bioassays, malathion, spinetoram, phosmet, acetamiprid, and novaluron were considered compatible with and harmless (Class 1) to H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06, according to IOBC/WPRS. This information is important for implementing integrated management programs for C. capitata, using biological control with EPNs, whether alone or in combination with chemical insecticides.

scholarly journals Xenorhabdus nematophila Requires an Intact iscRSUA-hscBA-fdx Operon To Colonize Steinernema carpocapsae Nematodes

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (12) ◽  
pp. 3678-3682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. Martens ◽  
Joseph Gawronski-Salerno ◽  
Danielle L. Vokal ◽  
Molly C. Pellitteri ◽  
Megan L. Menard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Xenorhabdus Nematophila ◽  
Coordinated Expression

ABSTRACT An insertion between iscA and hscB of the Xenorhabdus nematophila iscRSUA-hscBA-fdx locus, predicted to encode Fe-S assembly machinery, prevented colonization of Steinernema carpocapsae nematodes. The insertion disrupted cotranscription of iscA and hscB, but did not reduce hscBA expression, suggesting that X. nematophila requires coordinated expression of the isc-hsc-fdx locus for colonization.

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