Economic and Social Deprivation: Its Effects on Children and Families in the United States. A Selected Bibliography

1964 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Chilman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Effects On Children

Research to Consider While Effectively Re-Designing Child Welfare Services

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973152110500
Author(s):  
Richard P. Barth ◽  
Jill Duerr Berrick ◽  
Antonio R. Garcia ◽  
Brett Drake ◽  
Melissa Jonson-Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Child Welfare Services ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
New Policies

An intense appetite for reforming and transforming child welfare services in the United States is yielding many new initiatives. Vulnerable children and families who become involved with child welfare clearly deserve higher quality and more effective services. New policies, programs, and practices should be built on sound evidence. Reforms based on misunderstandings about what the current data show may ultimately harm families. This review highlights 10 commonly held misconceptions which we assert are inconsistent with the best available contemporary evidence. Implications for better alignment of evidence and reform are discussed.

scholarly journals Pathways to a more peaceful and sustainable world: The transformative power of children in families

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Pia R. Britto ◽  
Suna Hanöz-Penney ◽  
Liliana Angelica Ponguta ◽  
Diane Sunar ◽  
Ghassan Issa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Policy Advocacy ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Transformative Power

Abstract This article provides an overview of selected ongoing international efforts that have been inspired by Edward Zigler's vision to improve programs and policies for young children and families in the United States. The efforts presented are in close alignment with three strategies articulated by Edward Zigler: (a) conduct research that will inform policy advocacy; (b) design, implement, and revise quality early childhood development (ECD) programs; and (c) invest in building the next generation of scholars and advocates in child development. The intergenerational legacy left by Edward Zigler has had an impact on young children not only in the United States, but also across the globe. More needs to be done. We need to work together with a full commitment to ensure the optimal development of each child.

Racial/ethnic disparities in childhood cancer survival in the United States: Mediation effects of health insurance coverage and area-level social deprivation.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (27_suppl) ◽  
pp. 143-143
Author(s):  
Jingxuan Zhao ◽  
Xuesong Han ◽  
Zhiyuan Zheng ◽  
Leticia Maciel Nogueira ◽  
Paul C. Nathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survival ◽  
Racial Ethnic

143 Background: Childhood cancer survival varies by race/ethnicity in the United States. This study evaluated the impact of potentially modifiable characteristics - health insurance and area-level social deprivation - on racial/ethnic disparities in childhood cancer survival nationwide. Methods: We identified 65,113 childhood cancer patients aged < 18 years newly diagnosed with any of 10 common cancer types (e.g. central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), Hodgkin lymphoma) from the 2004-2014 National Cancer Database. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare survival probabilities by race and ethnicity (non-Hispanic white (NHW) vs non-Hispanic black (NHB), Hispanic, and non-Hispanic other (NH other)) for each cancer type. We conducted mediation analyses by the mma R package to evaluate the racial/ethnic survival disparities mediated by health insurance (private, Medicaid, and uninsured) and social deprivation index (SDI) quartile. SDI is a composite measure of deprivation based on seven characteristics (e.g. income, education, employment). Results: Compared to NHW, worse survival were observed for NHB (HR (hazard ratio): 1.4, 95% CI: 1.3-1.5), Hispanic (HR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1-1.2), and NH other (HR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1-1.3) for all cancer sites combined after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics other than health insurance and SDI. Health insurance explained 20% of the survival disparities and SDI explained 19% of the disparity between NHB vs NHW; health insurance explained 48% of the survival disparities and SDI explained 45% of the disparity between Hispanic vs NHW. For ALL, health insurance significantly explained 15% and 18% of the survival disparities between NHB and Hispanic vs NHW, respectively. SDI significantly explained 19% and 31% of the disparities, respectively. Conclusions: Health insurance and SDI mediated racial/ethnic survival disparities for several childhood cancers. Expanding insurance coverage and improving healthcare access in disadvantaged areas may effectively reduce disparities for these cancer sites.

How Incarceration Affects the Parent-Child Relationship and Family Dynamics

2017 ◽  
pp. 310-338
Author(s):  
Alicia Ferris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parental Incarceration ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Incarcerated Parents ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
The World ◽  
Charitable Trust ◽  
Parent Child

The United States incarcerates more people than any other country in the world (Pew Charitable Trust, 2008). More than one in 100 adults are incarcerated and many of these individuals are parents who have one or more children who are under the age of eighteen. Therefore, 1.7 million children are affected by parental incarceration (Glaze & Maruschak, 2008). Children who have incarcerated parents are exposed to factors that put them at risk for increased delinquency and maladjustment in childhood (Aaron & Dallaire, 2010). Parental incarceration is a heart-wrenching topic, but needs to be discussed because it can negatively impact children and families. Thus, this chapter will explore how parental incarceration affects children and families. Specifically, the various relationships of parent-child, caregiver-child, parent-caregiver, and sibling relationships will be explored. In addition, this chapter will examine the developmental impacts parental incarceration has, legal recommendations, and interventions for children and families affected by parental incarceration.

Presentation of the C. Anderson Aldrich Award: Introductory Remarks

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-386
Author(s):  
David B. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
The United States ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Development Section ◽  
Scholarly Publications ◽  
Development Movement

When the Aldrich Award was established in 1964 there was no doubt in anyone's mind as to who was most deserving of the first award. Dr. Milton J. E. Senn was and is a pioneer and a giant in the field of pediatrics and child development. His brilliant academic career at Cornell and Yale, his excellent studies, his scholarly publications, and, most of all, his inspiring teaching of countless numbers of young pediatricians have earned him the respect and esteem of all of us. In a volume published in his honor in 1963, Drs. Solnit and Provence wrote, "He has built his career on the conviction that children and families are our most important resources and on his scientific fascination with the intricacies of child development." An S.R.C.D. monograph by Dr. Senn on the child development movement in the United States is now in press and he is now preparing a second book for the Yale Press. Dr. Senn made me promise to make my remarks brief, and I'll keep my promise: members of the Child Development Section and friends, I give you Dr. Milton J. E. Senn who will present the 1975 Aldrich Award.

The Contemporary U.S. Child Welfare System(s): Overview and Key Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 692 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Berger ◽  
Kristen S. Slack
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Child Welfare Services ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Policy Debates

This volume of The ANNALS aims to increase awareness among scholars, policy-makers, and practitioners of the size, scope, and functions of child welfare services in the United States. We aim to promote a wider understanding of the broad impacts of child welfare policies and point to ways in which child welfare services can be better incorporated into cross-cutting social policy debates. The articles in this volume offer concrete recommendations for policies and practices that can reduce child maltreatment, and for systemic approaches—both within the purview of child welfare services and across the broader community and social policy landscape—that can better identify and respond to the needs of children and families in which maltreatment has already occurred or where there is a risk of abuse and neglect. This introduction sets a foundation for understanding the contents of the volume: we provide an overview of child welfare services in the United States and highlight current challenges that the U.S. child welfare systems face.

Impact of socioeconomic status on the incidence and mortality of multiple myeloma in the United States.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13595-e13595
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Omore ◽  
Richard Stephen Sheppard ◽  
Stefani Beale
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Cancer Statistics ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

e13595 Background: Socioeconomic deprivation is known to be associated with poorer survival among cancer patients, but studies has not shown the impacts of socioeconomic status on the Incidence and mortality of multiple myeloma. This article analyzed the socioeconomic inequalities in United States Multiple Myeloma Incidence and Mortality. Methods: We examined national trends in the Incidence and Survival disparities among patients with Multiple Myeloma by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. A retrospective cohort of Multiple Myeloma patients diagnosed from 2012 to 2016 belonging to all age groups, genders, income per household and level of education was identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End results database, United States Cancer Statistics and Population data from Census Bureau. Results: We found mortality to be higher among African American and in States with low median household income and low level of education. In conclusion our study shows a strong correlation between social deprivation and decreased survival in patients with Multiple Myeloma in all age groups. Also we found that Asians and Pacific Islanders seems to have higher survival compare to African Americans and Other ethnicities. Conclusions: Census‐based socioeconomic measures such as poverty and education levels could serve as important surveillance tools for monitoring trends in cancer‐related health inequalities and targeting interventions.

Stepfamily Policies and Laws in the United States: Lessons from the West

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 891-912
Author(s):  
Susan D. Stewart ◽  
Elcy E. Timothy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
The West ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Policies And Programs

Although stepfamilies exist in some form in nearly every country in the world, they are most common in Western countries. This paper provides a summary of laws, policies, and programs pertaining to stepfamilies in a selection of Western countries, with a special focus on the United States. Although stepfamilies have been prevalent throughout the West for decades, they remain “incompletely institutionalized,” and governments have been slow to address their needs and concerns. There is large variation across Western countries with respect to how stepfamilies are treated under the law, with some countries employing more liberal definitions of “parents,” “children,” and “families,” than others. In contrast, stepfamilies in the United States must contend with a complex and conflicting set of federal laws, state laws, and court precedents. Their legal status is uncertain and the way stepfamilies are treated is inconsistent across social programs and policies. Overall, there is clear bias against stepfamilies within most U.S. institutions. The review includes recommendations for change that would enhance stepfamily stability and quality of life in both Western and non-Western contexts.

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