Acute respiratory health effects in asthmatic and nonasthmatic children associated with short-term exposure to air pollutants

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-377
Author(s):  
Lisa Kan ◽  
Barry Wiggs ◽  
Mark Irwin ◽  
Irene Yee
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

scholarly journals Short-term exposure to air pollution and hospital admission for pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Yee ◽  
Young Ah Cho ◽  
Hee Jeong Yoo ◽  
Hyunseo Yun ◽  
Hye Sun Gwak
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Abstract Background Air pollution is a major issue that poses a health threat worldwide. Although several studies investigated the adverse effects of air pollution on various diseases, few have directly demonstrated the effects on pneumonia. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the associations between short-term exposure of air pollutants and hospital admission or emergency room (ER) visit for pneumonia. Methods A literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to April 10, 2020. Pooled estimates were calculated as % increase with 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects model. A sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out method and subgroup analysis by region were performed. Results A total of 21 studies were included in the analysis. Every 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 and PM10 resulted in a 1.0% (95% CI: 0.5–1.5) and 0.4% (95% CI: 0.2–0.6) increase in hospital admission or ER visit for pneumonia, respectively. Every 1 ppm increase of CO and 10 ppb increase of NO2, SO2, and O3 was associated with 4.2% (95% CI: 0.6–7.9), 3.2% (95% CI: 1.3–5.1), 2.4% (95% CI: − 2.0-7.1), and 0.4% (95% CI: 0–0.8) increase in pneumonia-specific hospital admission or ER visit, respectively. Except for CO, the sensitivity analyses yielded similar results, demonstrating the robustness of the results. In a subgroup analysis by region, PM2.5 increased hospital admission or ER visit for pneumonia in East Asia but not in North America. Conclusion By combining the inconsistent findings of several studies, this study revealed the associations between short-term exposure of air pollutants and pneumonia-specific hospital admission or ER visit, especially for PM and NO2. Based on the results, stricter intervention policies regarding air pollution and programs for protecting human respiratory health should be implemented.

scholarly journals Short-term effects of air pollution on blood pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Jung Choi ◽  
Sun-Hwa Kim ◽  
Si-Hyuck Kang ◽  
Sun-Young Kim ◽  
Ok-Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractElevated blood pressure (BP) has been proposed as a possible pathophysiological mechanism linking exposure to ambient air pollution and the increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. In this study, we investigated the hourly relationship between ambient air pollutants and BP. BP measurements were extracted from the electronic health record database of the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from February 2015 to June 2017. A total of 98,577 individual BP measurements were matched to the hourly levels of air pollutants. A generalized additive model was constructed for hour lags of 0–8 of air pollutants adjusting for age, sex, meteorological variables, and time trend. Systolic BP was shown to be significantly lower at 2–4 hours and 3–5 hours after increased levels of SO2 and CO, respectively (0.24 mmHg and 0.26 mmHg for an interquartile range, respectively). In contrast, O3 and NO2 were associated with significantly increased systolic BP at 3–5 lag hours and at 0–2 lag hours, respectively. BP elevation in association with O3 and NO2 was shown to be significantly greater in hypertensive patients than normotensive subjects. Our findings suggest that short-term exposure to air pollution may be associated with elevated BP.

Cardio-respiratory health effects of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants while exercising outdoors: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 108647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Madureira ◽  
Emerson Antonio Brancher ◽  
Carla Costa ◽  
Ricardo Aurino de Pinho ◽  
João Paulo Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Respiratory Health
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