scholarly journals Big League Perestroika? The Implications of Fraser v. Major League Soccer

1999 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Major League Soccer ◽  
Major League

Financial Returns in Major League Soccer

2021 ◽  
pp. 152700252110227
Author(s):  
John Charles Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
North American ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
The United States ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Major League Soccer ◽  
Major League ◽  
Sports Leagues

Major League Soccer (MLS) is the top-tier professional soccer league serving the United States and Canada. This study examines factors hypothesized to impact consumer demand for professional sports on team revenue in this nascent league. The estimates are consistent with positive returns to performance, novelty effects from newer teams, and varying impacts from roster quality and composition. Other factors hypothesized to be important for MLS teams (e.g., stadium quality and market demographics) are not associated with team revenue. The estimates are similar to findings in other major North American sports leagues, even though MLS operates with a unique single-entity ownership structure that has the potential to disincentivize individual team investments by league owners.

Returns to Stardom: Evidence From U.S. Major League Soccer

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd H. Kuethe ◽  
Mesbah Motamed
Keyword(s):  
Major League Soccer ◽  
Major League

Moments of Competitive Balance in Major League Soccer

2021 ◽  
pp. 152700252110510
Author(s):  
Hojun Sung ◽  
Brian M. Mills ◽  
Younghoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Balance ◽  
Policy Regimes ◽  
Past Work ◽  
Major League Soccer ◽  
Major League ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Talent Acquisition

In this paper, we investigate competitive balance in Major League Soccer and compare balance across talent acquisition policy regimes with a bias-corrected measure from 1996 to 2019. We evaluate multiple moments of the league talent distribution, and we add to past work by using multiple levels of aggregation that reveal heterogeneous results with respect to the distribution of talent within and across seasons. We show that there has been little improvement in competitive balance over the league's history, though there has been an increase in year-to-year stability in balance and a lower propensity for teams at the extremes of performance.

Major League Soccer

2017 ◽  
pp. 177-215
Author(s):  
Frank P. Jozsa
Keyword(s):  
Major League Soccer ◽  
Major League

scholarly journals Timing and Reasons Behind Single-Sport Specialization in Soccer: A Survey of 64 Major League Soccer Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
Derrick M. Knapik ◽  
Katherine H. Rizzone ◽  
James E. Voos
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
The United States ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
School Location ◽  
Major League Soccer ◽  
Major League ◽  
The Impact

Background: Single-sport specialization at the exclusion of other sports has become increasingly popular in youth sporting culture. The purpose of this study was to survey Major League Soccer (MLS) athletes to examine factors influencing the timing of single-sport specialization in soccer. Hypothesis: The majority of surveyed athletes will have participated in multiple sports prior to specialization and specialized primarily as a result of a coach’s recommendation, with no significant impact on specialization timing stemming from birth or high school location, obtaining a collegiate scholarship, MLS experience, or position. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Anonymous surveys were distributed to 3 MLS organizations and completed by MLS athletes during preseason physicals. Surveys evaluated the age and reason(s) behind an athlete’s decision to specialize in soccer, birth location, geographic high school location for US-born athletes, participation in a developmental league, college scholarship, years in the MLS, and position played. Results: Approximately 74% (64/86) of athletes returned completed surveys. Athletes reported beginning soccer at a mean age of 5.1 ± 2.1 years and specializing at age 12.6 ± 4.3 years. Athletes who participated in no other sports prior to specialization ( P < 0.001), athletes reporting soccer to be their first sport played at an advanced level ( P < 0.001), and athletes receiving a college scholarship ( P = 0.02) specialized at a significantly younger age. Internationally born athletes specialized at significantly younger ages when compared with US-born athletes ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: The majority of athletes participated in multiple sports prior to specialization and eventually specialized to focus exclusively on soccer. The timing of sport specialization in professional MLS athletes was not associated with multisport participation prior to specialization, playing soccer at an advanced level prior to other sports, receiving a college scholarship, or being born outside the United States. Clinical Relevance: Timing of sport specialization is associated with multiple factors prior to athlete promotion to the MLS that warrant further investigation to better understand the impact of specialization on injury incidence, performance, and career length.

scholarly journals There is a high return to sport rate but with reduced career lengths after Achilles tendon repair in Major League Soccer players

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle R Sochacki ◽  
Robert A Jack II ◽  
Takashi Hirase ◽  
Patrick C McCulloch ◽  
David M Lintner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Postoperative Performance ◽  
Achilles Tendon Repair ◽  
Major League Soccer ◽  
Major League ◽  
And Performance

ObjectivesTo determine (1) return to sport (RTS) rate in Major League Soccer (MLS) players following Achilles tendon repair, (2) postoperative career length and games per season, (3) preoperative and postoperative performance, and (4) postoperative performance compared with control players matched by position, age, body mass index, sex, years of experience and performance.MethodsPublicly available records were used to identify MLS players who underwent Achilles tendon repair with a minimum of 1 year follow-up. Demographic and performance data were collected for each player. Matched controls were identified. RTS was defined as playing in one or more MLS games after surgery. Comparisons between case and control groups and preoperative and postoperative time points were made using paired sample Student’s t-tests.ResultsTwenty-two players (mean age 28.4±4.0 years; mean 3.0±2.2 years follow-up) and 23 Achilles tendon repairs (one bilateral repair) were analysed. Seventeen players (18 Achilles tendon repairs; 77.3%) were able to RTS in the MLS at mean 306.6±199.2 days. Players who RTS after repair had shorter careers than matched controls (2.5±2.2 vs 4.5±3.0 seasons, respectively; p=0.021). Additionally, players who RTS after repair played in fewer games per season than matched controls (13.4±8.4 vs 23.2±6.5, respectively; p<0.001). There was no significant decrease in performance postsurgery compared with presurgery.ConclusionThere is a 77.3% RTS rate in the MLS following Achilles tendon repair. Following repair, players had shorter careers and played fewer games per season than matched controls. There was no significant decrease in performance postsurgery compared with presurgery nor in postsurgery compared with postindex. A significantly greater number of Achilles tendon tears occurred in the left versus the right lower extremity.Level of evidenceLevel III.

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