Cuticular Collagen Synthesis by Ascaris suum during Development from the Third to Fourth Larval Stage: Identification of a Potential Chemotherapeutic Agent with a Novel Mechanism of Action

2001 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1144
Author(s):  
Marcia L. Rhoads ◽  
Raymond H. Fetterer ◽  
Joseph F. Urban
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fourth Larval Stage

scholarly journals Aleyrodes lonicerae Walker (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)’nın Rosa sp. Üzerinde Biyolojik Özellikleri ve Ölümü Esas Alan Yaşam Çizelgeleri

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
Tülin Özsisli ◽  
Bağdel Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fourth Larval Stage ◽  
Development Duration ◽  
Mercurialis Annua

Biology of the Lonicera whitefly, Aleyrodes lonicerae Walker (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) were studied on rose, Rosa sp. (Rosaceae) plants. Whitefly adults were collected from Mercurialis annua L. (Euphorbiaceae) plants in Adana. The development duration of egg, first, second, third, fourth larval (pupa) stages, total of A. lonicerae on Rosa sp. plants at 20°C were 8.44, 5.44, 5.50, 4.50, 5.19 and 29.07 days for the females and 8.15, 5.46, 5.92, 4.92, 5.38, 29.83 days for the males respectively. The development duration of egg, first, second, third, fourth larval (pupa) stages, total of A. lonicerae on Rosa sp. plants at 25°C were 8.00, 1.67, 2.33, 2.67, 9.67, 24.34 days for the females and 7.67, 2.33, 2.33, 3.33, 7.83 and 23.49 days for the males respectively. The mortality rate (%) of egg, first, second, third, fourth larval (pupae) stages of A. lonicerae at 20 and 25°C temperatures were 14.70, 13.97, 25.00, 20.58, 4.41; 2.89, 24.65, 26.08, 20.28, 13.06 respectively. The biggest k values at 20 and 25°C on rose plants were 0.2553 for the third larval stage and 0.3010 for the fourth larval stage, respectively.

THE LIFE HISTORY OF THE NEMATODE METABRONEMA SALVELINI (FUJITA, 1920) PARASITIC IN THE SPECKLED TROUT, SALVELINUS FONTINALIS (MITCHILL), IN QUEBEC

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. E. Choquette
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fourth Larval Stage ◽  
History Of

In Quebec, the first larval stages of the spirurid, Metabronema salvelini (Fujita, 1920), parasitic in the speckled trout, Salvelinus fonlinalis (Mitchill), are to be found in nymphs of the mayfly, Hexagenia recurvata, and in those of a species of the genus Polymitarcys. The fourth larval stage develops in the fish host. The third and fourth larval stages are described. The feeding of larvae-harboring nymphs of Hexagenia recurvata to trout resulted in the establishment of infection and development of adult worms in from 60 to 70 days.

The development of single infections of Nematodirus battus in lambs

Parasitology ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Mapes ◽  
R. L. Coop
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Mucosal Surface ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fourth Larval Stage ◽  
Developmental Phases ◽  
The Relationship

The course of single infections of Nematodirus battus was studied and the developmental phases of the fourth larval stage described. The third moult occurred between days 2 and 4 after infection and the fifth between days 8 and 10. The period of maximum larval penetration of the intestinal mucosa occurred around day 4 and most of the larvae had returned to the mucosal surface by day 6, during the middle of the fourth-stage. Some larvae remained deep in the mucosa and moulted to the fifth-stage in this site.The relationship between growth and morphological development was not constant and was different in worm populations from different sites. Some larvae grew very rapidly during the early fourth-stage and then entered a period of lethargus while continuing to develop sexually, while others grew and developed throughout the larval stage.The worms recovered from the second 30% of the small intestine were consistently smaller and less advanced morphologically than those from the first 30%. The worms in the posterior region of the small intestine were preferentially lost from the mucosa in the third- and fourth-stages between days 2 and 4 and from the mucosal surface as adults between days 12 and 16.

scholarly journals THE EARLY CELLULAR REACTION OF EYE TISSUES TO THE IMPLANTATION OF BIORESORBABLE DRAINAGES SATURATED BY IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS WITH A SELECTIVE MECHANISM OF ACTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Viktoria N. Germanova ◽  
Natal'ya N. Sarbaeva ◽  
Elena V. Karlova ◽  
Larisa T. Volova ◽  
Irina F. Nefyodova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eye Tissues ◽  
Selective Mechanism

Prolonged use of immunosuppressants with a selective mechanism of action is a promising strategy in the prevention of postoperative scarring in glaucoma surgery. In order to assess the cellular response of eye tissues to the implantation of bioresorbable drains saturated with cyclosporin A or everolimus, a filter-type hypotensive operation with implantation of polylactide-based drains was simulated in 12 rabbits. Drainages implanted in rabbits of the two experimental groups under study were pre-saturated with either cyclosporin A or everolimus. The control group consisted of animals that were implanted with drains not saturated with any drugs. On the 7th day after the operation, the animals were taken out of the experiment, the eyeballs were enucleated, and histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin, as well as hematoxylin and Picrosirius-red were prepared. Using a score on a scale from 0 to 5, the cellular composition within the drainage material, the intensity of collagen synthesis in the drainage, the thickness of the capsule around the drainage, and the number of blood vessels were analyzed. In comparison with the control group, the study groups showed a significantly lower amount of mononuclear cells, fibroblasts and giant cells of foreign bodies, as well as a lower thickness of the capsules surrounding the drainage, up to their complete absence. In addition, the intensity of collagen synthesis inside the drainage material of the studied groups was significantly lower. The drains of the everolimus group were characterized by an extremely low density of viable cellular elements inside the implanted material and a complete absence of collagen. At the same time, no toxic effect of the substance on the surrounding tissues was found. Thus, the saturation of bioresorbable drainages based on polylactide with cyclosporin A and everolimus contributed to a decrease in the intensity of the formation of connective tissue elements both inside and around the drainage in the early postoperative period.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) isolates on fig moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker) Larvae

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 943-951
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Ephestia Cautella ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Paper Method

The following dilution 5×10-1, 10-1, 10?2 , 10-3 gm/L for the indigenous isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria and the commercially isalate were used for experiments against the different stages of fig moth of E.cautella which exposed by filter paper method. The results showed that mortality of larval stages was increased with the increasing concentration of the biocide, in addition to increase in the mortality of the larval stages reached to the highest percentage in the third days of treatment of the larval stage in comparison with the first and second days of exposure. The results also showed that the sensitivity of larval stages was increased in first and second instars while reduced in the last instars .The high percentage of first instar mortality for the indigenous isolate in the concentration of 5×10-1 was 72.8% , while the low percentage of mortality showed in the concentration of 5×10-1 for the fifth instar larvae which was 13.3% in third days of treatment while a high percentage of mortality was showed for the first instar larvae for the commercially isulate in the concentration of 5×10-1 was 59.4% Furthermore, low percentage of mortality was shown in the concentration of 5×10-1 in fifth instar larval which was 8.3% in the third days of treatment. The results also showed that the indigenous isolated was more effective than the commercially produced bacteria for killing larval instars of fig moth E.cautella .The total percentage of larval instar mortality reached to 44.5 % after the third days of treatment in concentration 5×10-1 in the indigenous isolate , and it was 33.8 % in the commercially produced bacteria .

scholarly journals STUDY ON SURVIVABILITY OF NEWLY HATCHED LARVAE OF TWO SPECIES OF PEPPERMINT SHRIMP FED WITH DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS AND DENSITIES OF LIVE FOODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Indra Pratama ◽  
Hatim Albasri
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The Third ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Peppermint Shrimp ◽  
Trial Treatment ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
Average Survival Rate

This study was aimed to evaluate different types and combinations of live foods in relation to the survivability of newly hatched Lysmata vittata and Lysmata intermedia larvae. The experiment consisted of three trials (different species, combinations, and densities of live foods) arranged in a completely randomized design. The first and second trials were subjected to L. vittata with three treatments for each trial (1A, 1B, 1C for trial-1; 1D, 1E, 1F for trial-2). The third trial consisted of two treatments (2A and 2B) tested on L. intermedia. Each treatment had three replicates. The results showed that the survival rates were low in all treatments. However, each treatment showed a significant effect (P<0.05) on the average survival rate of L. vittata and L. intermedia larvae. In the first trial, treatment 1C was the only one that had survived larvae after day 35 with 4.44% of final average survival rate (FASR). Four of the larvae reached the post-larval stage. In the second trial, treatment 1F showed a better condition than the other treatments with 5.56% FASR. Nevertheless, no larvae in the second trial had transformed to post-larval stage before the experiment ended at day 46. In the third trial, no larvae survived to reach the post-larval stage. In spite of this, treatment 2B had better daily average survival rate (DASR) than treatment 2A. This research concludes that the use of copepods as live food at an early larval stage and Artemia at a later stage is relatively more effective to improve the survival rate of peppermint shrimp larvae.

scholarly journals Identification of Larval-Stage Antigens of Ascaris suum Recognized with Immune Sera from Pigs.

2001 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harue KASUGA-AOKI ◽  
Naotoshi TSUJI ◽  
Kayo SUZUKI ◽  
Takeshi ARAKAWA ◽  
Yasunobu MATSUMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Ascaris Suum
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