scholarly journals Umingmakstrongylus pallikuukensis (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) in Gastropods: Larval Morphology, Morphometrics, and Development Rates

2001 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Kutz ◽  
Eric P. Hoberg ◽  
Lydden Polley
Keyword(s):  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Development Rates ◽  
Umingmakstrongylus Pallikuukensis

Contribution to the biology and larval morphology of Nebula ibericata (Staudinger, 1871) in Madrid (central Spain) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Gareth Edward King ◽  
José Luis Viejo Montesinos
Keyword(s):  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Central Spain

Data are provided on the biology, phenology, oviposition and morphology (first to final instars) as well as the chaetotaxy L2, L5 of the larentine moth Nebula ibericata (Staudinger, 1871) in Madrid, central Spain.

Larval morphology of the water mite Sperchonopsis reducta Sokolow, 1940 (Acariformes, Sperchontidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
P.V. Tuzovskij
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Dorsal Plate ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Water Mite

A larva of the water mite Sperchonopsis reducta Sokolow, 1940 is described. The idiosoma of the larva bears 18 pairs of setae, the dorsal plate has a wide and slightly convex anterior margin and a pointed posterior end; the setae Fch are not longer than the trichobothria Fp and Oi, the setae Pe are shorter and thinner than the setae Pi; the urstigmae are with well developed caps; the capitulum has a long basis and a short rostrum; the pedipalpal tarsus bears three large serrate unequal setae, a single solenidion, and four thin short smooth setae.

scholarly journals Melatonin Promotes In Vitro Maturation of Vitrified-Warmed Mouse Germinal Vesicle Oocytes, Potentially by Reducing Oxidative Stress through the Nrf2 Pathway

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2324
Author(s):  
Shichao Guo ◽  
Jinyu Yang ◽  
Jianpeng Qin ◽  
Izhar Hyder Qazi ◽  
Bo Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Melatonin Receptors ◽  
Development Rates ◽  
Nrf2 Signaling Pathway ◽  
Mouse Gv Oocytes ◽  
Intracellular Oxidative Stress

Previously it was reported that melatonin could mitigate oxidative stress caused by oocyte cryopreservation; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms which cause this remain unclear. The objective was to explore whether melatonin could reduce oxidative stress during in vitro maturation of vitrified-warmed mouse germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes through the Nrf2 signaling pathway or its receptors. During in vitro maturation of vitrified-warmed mouse GV oocytes, there were decreases (p < 0.05) in the development rates of metaphase I (MI) oocytes and metaphase II (MII) and spindle morphology grades; increases (p < 0.05) in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels; and decreases (p < 0.05) in expressions of Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes (Nrf2, SOD1) and proteins (Nrf2, HO-1). However, adding 10−7 mol/L melatonin to both the warming solution and maturation solutions improved (p < 0.05) these indicators. When the Nrf2 protein was specifically inhibited by Brusatol, melatonin did not increase development rates, spindle morphology grades, genes, or protein expressions, nor did it reduce vitrification-induced intracellular oxidative stress in GV oocytes during in vitro maturation. In addition, when melatonin receptors were inhibited by luzindole, the ability of melatonin to scavenge intracellular ROS was decreased, and the expressions of genes (Nrf2, SOD1) and proteins (Nrf2, HO-1) were not restored to control levels. Therefore, we concluded that 10−7 mol/L melatonin acted on the Nrf2 signaling pathway through its receptors to regulate the expression of genes (Nrf2, SOD1) and proteins (Nrf2, HO-1), and mitigate intracellular oxidative stress, thereby enhancing in vitro development of vitrified-warmed mouse GV oocytes.

scholarly journals First instar larvae of endemic Australian Miltogramminae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Szpila ◽  
Kinga Walczak ◽  
Nikolas P. Johnston ◽  
Thomas Pape ◽  
James F. Wallman
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe first instar larva of a species of the Australian endemic genus Aenigmetopia Malloch is described for the first time, along with the first instar larvae of three other Australian species representing the genera Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy and Protomiltogramma Townsend. Larval morphology was analysed using a combination of light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The following morphological structures are documented: pseudocephalon, antennal complex, maxillary palpus, facial mask, modifications of thoracic and abdominal segments, anal region, spiracular field, posterior spiracles and details of the cephaloskeleton. Substantial morphological differences are observed between the three genera, most notably in the labrum and mouthhooks of the cephaloskeleton, sensory organs of the pseudocephalon, spinulation, sculpture of the integument and form of the spiracular field. The first instar larval morphology of Aenigmetopia amissa Johnston, Wallman, Szpila & Pape corroborates the close phylogenetic affinity of Aenigmetopia Malloch with Metopia Meigen, inferred from recent molecular analysis. The larval morphology of Amobia auriceps (Baranov), Protomiltogramma cincta Townsend and Protomiltogramma plebeia Malloch is mostly congruent with the morphology of Palaearctic representatives of both genera.

The tadpole of Pleurodema nebulosum Burmeister (Anura: Leiuperidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3450 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILLERMINA GALVANI ◽  
EXEQUIEL GONZÁLEZ ◽  
EDUARDO SANABRIA ◽  
LORENA QUIROGA
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Range ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Rio Negro

The genus Pleurodema Tschudi currently contains fourteen species, ten of them occurring in Argentina (Faivovich et al. 2012). However, Pleurodema nebulosum presents a wide altitudinal and latitudinal geographic range and is only distributed in arid areas of western Argentina, from Catamarca to Río Negro province (Ferraro & Casagranda 2009, Frost 2011). The external morphology was described for the tadpoles of most species of Pleurodema, but the external larval morphology of P. nebulosum was only briefly described by Fernández (1927) and Cei (1980). The aim of this work is to provide a detailed redescription of the external larval features of Pleurodema nebulosum.

scholarly journals Empirical Model With Excellent Statistical Properties for Describing Temperature-Dependent Developmental Rates of Insects and Mites

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Ratkowsky ◽  
Gadi V. P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Minimum Variance ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Least Squares Estimators ◽  
Development Rates

Abstract Previous empirical models for describing the temperature-dependent development rates for insects include the Briére, Lactin, Beta, and Ratkowsky models. Another nonlinear regression model, not previously considered in population entomology, is the Lobry–Rosso–Flandrois model, the shape of which is very close to that of the Ratkowsky model in the suboptimal temperature range, but which has the added advantage that all four of its parameters have biological meaning. A consequence of this is that initial parameter estimates, needed for solving the nonlinear regression equations, are very easy to obtain. In addition, the model has excellent statistical properties, with the estimators of the parameters being “close-to-linear,” which means that the least squares estimators are close to being unbiased, normally distributed, minimum variance estimators. The model describes the pooled development rates very well throughout the entire biokinetic temperature range and deserves to become the empirical model of general use in this area.

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