Fasciola gigantica, a Liver Fluke of Cattle in Hawaii, and the Snail, Fossaria ollula, Its Important Intermediate Host

1937 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Alicata ◽  
Leonard E. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Important Intermediate

scholarly journals Distribution and habitats of Lymnaea natalensis, snail intermediate host of the liver fluke Fasciola gigantica, in South Africa

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Editorial Office
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Snail Intermediate Host ◽  
Planning And Construction ◽  
Lymnaea Natalensis

This paper focuses on the geographical distribution and the habitats of Lymnaea natalensis, the snail intermediate host of the liver fluke, Fasciola gigantica, as reflected by the collection sites of its 4 552 samples currently on record in the National Freshwater Snail Collection (NFSC) of South Africa. Although this species was represented in a variety of waterbodies, the majority of samples(±70%)came from rivers, brooks and dams and in 70.8% of the cases the water was described as permanent and in 71.8% as slow flowing or standing. The results of life-table studies conducted by various authors indicated that temperature should be a relatively unimportant factor in determining its geographical distribution, but that the availability of permanent water should be decisive for its presence in a given habitat. These results are in agreement with the finding that only 7.5% of the samples of this species in the NFSC were collected in habitats which were described as seasonal. Furthermore, it gives a logical explanation for the sporadic occurrence, or total absence of this species in the more arid regions of South Africa. Water impoundments and irrigation networks contribute to a large extent towards creating perennial habitats which would be suitable for L. natalensis. As intermediate host for one of the liver fluke species which already is an economic factor in South Africa, this certainly is an aspect which ought to be reckoned within the planning and construction of new irrigation schemes.

scholarly journals Verspreiding en habitats van Lymnaea natalensis, tussengasheerslak van die lewerbot Fasciola gigantica, in Suid-Afrika

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. De Kock ◽  
C. T. Wolmarans ◽  
H. D. Strauss ◽  
M. Killian
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Snail Intermediate Host ◽  
Planning And Construction ◽  
Lymnaea Natalensis

Hierdie artikel fokus op die geografiese verspreiding en die habitats van Lymnaea natalensis, die slaktussengasheer van die lewerbot, Fasciola gigantica, soos gereflekteer deur die vindplekke van sy 4 552 monsters wat tans in die Nasionale Varswaterslakversameling (NVV) van Suid-Afrika op rekord is. Alhoewel hierdie spesie in’n verskeidenheid van waterliggame aangetref is, was die meerderheid van die monsters (±70%) afkomstig vanuit riviere, spruite en damme en is die water in 70.8% van die gevalle as standhoudend en in 71.8% van die gevalle as stadigvloeiend, of staande beskryf.  Die resultate van lewenstabeleksperimente deur verskeie outeurs het daarop gedui dat temperatuur ’n minder belangrike bepalende faktor in sy geografiese verspreiding blyk te wees, maar dat die beskikbaarheid van standhoudende water deurslaggewend vir sy voorkoms in ’n gegewe habitat mag wees. Hierdie resultate strook met die bevinding dat slegs 7.5% van die monsters van hierdie spesie in die NVV in habitats wat as seisoenaal beskryf is, versamel is. Verder bied dit’n logiese verklaring vir die sporadiese voorkoms, of totale afwesigheid van hierdie spesie in die droër streke van Suid-Afrika.  Opgaardamme en besproeiingsnetwerke dra grootliks by tot die skepping van permanente habitats wat geskik sou wees vir L. natalensis.  As tussengasheer vir een van die lewerbotspesies wat reeds ’n ekonomiese faktor in Suid-Afrika is, is dit ’n aspek waarmee beslis rekening gehou behoort te word in die beplanning en konstruksie van nuwe besproeiingsprojekte.AbstractDistribution and habitats of Lymnaea natalensis, snail intermediate host of the liver fluke Fasciola gigantica, in South Africa This paper focuses on the geographical distribution and the habitats of Lymnaea natalensis, the snail intermediate host of the liver fluke, Fasciola gigantica, as reflected by the collection sites of its 4 552 samples currently on record in the National Freshwater Snail Collection (NFSC) of South Africa.  Although this species was represented in a variety of waterbodies, the majority of samples (±70%) came from rivers, brooks and dams and in 70.8% of the cases the water was described as permanent and in 71.8% as slow flowing or standing.  The results of life-table studies conducted by various authors indicated that temperature should be a relatively unimportant factor in determining its geographical distribution, but that the availability of permanent water should be decisive for its presence in a given habitat.  These results are in agreement with the finding that only 7.5% of the samples of this species in the NFSC were collected in habitats which were described as seasonal.  Furthermore, it gives a logical explanation for the sporadic occurrence, or total absence of this species in the more arid regions of South Africa. Water impoundments and irrigation networks contribute to a large extent towards creating perennial habitats which would be suitable for L. natalensis.  As intermediate host for one of the liver fluke species which already is an economic factor in South Africa, this certainly is an aspect which ought to be reckoned with in the planning and construction  of new irrigation schemes.

scholarly journals Epidemiological studies of Fasciola gigantica infections in cattle in the highveld and lowveld communal grazing areas of Zimbabwe

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Pfukenyi ◽  
Pfukenyi Mukaratirwa ◽  
A.L. Willingham ◽  
J. Monrad
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Snail Population ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Host Snail ◽  
Faecal Samples

During the period between January 1999 and December 2000, the distribution and seasonal patterns of Fasciola gigantica infections in cattle in the highveld and lowveld communal grazing areas of Zimbabwe were determined through monthly coprological examination. Cattle faecal samples were collected from 12 and nine dipping sites in the highveld and lowveld communal grazing areas respectively. Patterns of distribution and seasonal fluctuations of the intermediate host-snail populations and the climatic factors influencing the distribution were also determined by sampling at monthly intervals for a period of 24 months (November 1998 to October 2000) in six dams and six streams in the highveld and in nine dams in the lowveld communal grazing areas. Each site was sampled for relative snail density and the vegetation cover and type, physical and chemical properties of water, and mean monthly rainfall and temperature were recorded. Aquatic vegetation and grass samples 0-1 m from the edges of the snail habitats were collected monthly to determine the presence or absence of F. gigantica metacercariae. Snails collected at the same time were individually checked for the emergence of larval stages of F. gigantica. A total of 16 264 (calves 5 418; weaners 5 461 and adults 5 385) faecal samples were collected during the entire period of the study and 2 500 (15.4 %) of the samples were positive for F. gigantica eggs. Significantly higher prevalences were found in the highveld compared to the lowveld (P < 0.001), for adult cattle than calves ( P < 0.01) and in the wet season over the dry season (P < 0.01). Faecal egg output peaked from August / September to March / April for both years of the study. Lymnaea natalensis, the snail intermediate host of F. gigantica was recorded from the study sites with the highveld having a significantly higher abundance of the snail species than the lowveld (P < 0.01). The snail population was low between December and March and started to increase in April reaching a peak in September / October. The number of juvenile snails peaked between April and August. The mean number of snails collected was negatively correlated with rainfall and positively correlated with temperature. Mean number of snails collected was also positively correlated with Potamogeton plant species and negatively correlated with Cyperus plant species. However, none of the L. natalensis collected from the habitats were found shedding Fasciola cercariae. Metacercariae were found on herbage from the fringes of the snail habitats between February and August for both years, with most of the metacercariae concentrated on herbage 0-1 m from the banks of the habitats. Based on the findings of this study, anthelmintic treatment should be administered in December / January to control chronic and mature fasciolosis. A second treatment should be given in April / May to reduce pasture contamination and subsequently snail infection, as this is the time the snail population starts to build up. To control acute fasciolosis due to the immature liver flukes a third treatment should be given in August. The first application of molluscicides to control the snail intermediate hosts can be done in June the time when the snail is harbouring the parasite and a second application in September in order to kill new generations of infected snails.

Incidence of liver fluke infections (Fasciola gigantica andDicrocoelium hospes) in ruminants in northern Nigeria

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Schillhorn van Veen ◽  
D. O. B. Folaranmi ◽  
S. Usman ◽  
T. Ishaya
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Northern Nigeria

scholarly journals Adenomatous Cholecystitis in Cattle with Chronic Fascioliasis

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Submucosal Glands ◽  
Glandular Structures ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Liver Flukes

Gall bladders from 80 mature cattle infested with liver flukes were shrunken; their walls were thickened; and mucosa was raised into rugose folds, nodules and papillary projections. All contained thick bile and mature liver flukes, predominantly Fasciola gigantica and to a lesser extent Fasciola hepatica. There was an adenomatous proliferation of the lining epithelium as well as of submucosal glands forming numerous tubuloalveolar structures and cysts lined with a uniform layer of columnar epithelium. Fibrous stroma was more than normal, and there was a mild to heavy infiltration by inflammatory cells. Some bladders had many enterochromaffin cells in the epithelium lining the glandular structures. Mitotic figures were rare, and there was no evidence of malignancy. The condition is inflammatory and hyperplastic and is believed to be common in cattle infested with liver fluke. The clinical effects of this condition have not been studied.

Role of the lymnaeid snailPseudosuccinea columellain the transmission of the liver flukeFasciola hepaticain Egypt

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Dar ◽  
P. Vignoles ◽  
D. Rondelaud ◽  
G. Dreyfuss
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Experimental Infections ◽  
Lymnaeid Snail ◽  
Important Intermediate

AbstractExperimental infections of three EgyptianPseudosuccinea columellapopulations with sympatric miracidia ofFasciolasp., coming from cattle- or sheep-collected eggs, were carried out to determine the capacity of this lymnaeid to support larval development of the parasite. Using microsatellite markers, the isolates of Egyptian miracidia were identified asFasciola hepatica. Apart from being independent of snail origin, prevalences ranging from 60.4 to 75.5% in snails infected with five miracidia ofF. hepaticawere significantly higher than values of 30.4 to 42.2% in snails with bi-miracidial infections. The number of metacercariae ranged from 243 to 472 per cercarial-shedding snail and was independent of snail origin, parasite origin and miracidial dose used for infection. IfP. columellawas subjected to two successive bi-miracidial infections withF. hepatica, prevalence of infection was 63.3%, with a mean of 311 metacercariae per snail. These values were clearly greater than those already reported forRadix natalensisinfected with the same parasite and the same protocol. Successful experimental infection ofP. columellawithF. hepaticasuggests that this lymnaeid snail is an important intermediate host for the transmission of fascioliasis in Egypt.

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