The Burden of Egypt. An Interpretation of Ancient Egyptian Culture

1954 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Ludlow Bull ◽  
John A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Egyptian Culture

Libraries from Late Period and Graeco-Roman Egypt, c.800 BCE–250 CE

2019 ◽  
pp. 390-472
Author(s):  
Ryholt Kim
Keyword(s):  
Waste Paper ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Roman Egypt ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
Rubbish Dumps ◽  
House Of Life

This chapter is a survey of collections of literary texts from Late Period and Graeco-Roman Egypt, c.750 BCE–250 CE, effectively the last millennium of the ancient Egyptian culture. Examples of different forms of collections are described and discussed in detail: temple libraries and private libraries, as well as groups of literary texts found in tombs, in rubbish dumps, in waste paper collections, and re-used in cartonnage. The texts include narratives, wisdom instructions, science (esp. divination and medicine), and cultic texts (esp. ritual guidelines, religious treatises, and hymns). Additional paragraphs concern the use of master copies, different types of storage, the abduction of libraries, and the so-called House of Life.

2. Egypt on display

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Riggs
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Napoleonic Wars ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Rosetta Stone ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
The Temple

Museums have played an important role in shaping how we think about ancient Egyptian culture. When the Napoleonic wars ended and European governments established links with Muhammad Ali, the viceroy of Egypt, the collection of objects for worldwide museums took off. ‘Egypt on display’ looks at the key objects held in collections today: shabtis (‘servant statuettes’); the Rosetta Stone; statues of the goddess Sekhmet; mummies; and the temple of Dendur, now in New York. Artwork on statues and coffins, and the architecture and decoration of a temple expressed their symbolic importance. But did these objects have the same role in antiquity as we portray in museums today?

The Oxford Handbook of Egyptology

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Current State ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Current Characteristics ◽  
The Many ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Egyptian History

The Oxford Handbook of Egyptology presents a series of articles by colleagues working across the many archaeological, philological and cultural subdisciplines within the study of ancient Egypt from prehistory through to the end of the Roman Period. The volume seeks to place Egyptology within its theoretical, methodological, and historical contexts, both indicating how the subject has evolved and discussing its distinctive contemporary problems, issues and potential. Transcending conventional boundaries between archaeological and ancient textual analysis, it stresses the need for Egyptology to seek multidisciplinary methods and broader collaborations if it is to remain contemporary and relevant. It therefore serves as a reference work not only for those working within the discipline, but also as a gateway into Egyptology for archaeologists, anthropologists, sociologists and linguists. The book is organized into ten parts, the first of which examines the many different historical and geographical perspectives that have influenced the development and current characteristics of the discipline. Part II addresses the various environmental aspects of the subject: landscapes, climate, flora, fauna and the mineral world. Part III considers a variety of practical aspects of the ways in which Egyptologists survey, characterize and manage landscapes. Part IV discusses materials and technology, from domestic architecture and artefacts through to religious and funerary items. Part V deals with Egypt’s relations with neighbouring regions and peoples, while Part VI explores the sources and interpretive frameworks that characterize different phases of ancient Egyptian history. Part VII is concerned with textual and iconographic approaches to Egyptian culture, and Part VIII comprises discussions of the key aspects of ancient Egyptian scripts and philology. Part IX presents summaries of the current state of the subject in relation to a variety of textual genres, from letters and autobiographies to socio-economic, magical and mathematical texts. The final section covers different aspects of museology and conservation.

scholarly journals Skeletal Dysplasia: an Analysis of Dwarfism in Ancient Egyptian Culture

Pathways ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kody Engele
Keyword(s):  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
High Status ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Royal Court ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Artistic Representation ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
Religious Importance

The purpose of this paper is to analyze dwarfism and its standing in ancient Egyptian society and culture. Dwarfism existed in ancient Egyptian society, but unlike other ancient societies, those with dwarfism were not blatantly discriminated against (Sullivan 2001). Individuals with dwarfism could hold many positions within society ranging from herdsmen and fishermen, to personal attendants in royal court (Kozma 2008). There is evidence of individuals with dwarfism dating back to the Badarian Period, with statues, sarcophagi, skeletons, and paintings all having been discovered (Kozma 2008). There are several prominent figures who have been studied in detail; Per-ni-ankh-w was an individual with high status in Egyptian society, and there is ample docu­mentation of him in texts, visual imagery, and skeletal evidence (Kozma 2008). Djeho was another individual who has been well documented and aided with burials (Kozma 2008). Individuals with dwarfism also had religious importance, including the gods Bes and Ptah (Kozma 2008). Individ­uals with dwarfism were also considered to hold magical significance, and this was seen in spells and religious texts (Kozma 2008). Additionally, there is an abundance of artistic representation of individuals with dwarfism, in the form of statues, sarcophagi, and visual images (Kozma 2008). The Walters Art Museum is also a significant holder of Egyptian art, with many depictions of dwarfism (Kozma 2010). These individuals were significant in ancient Egyptian society and were well documented in several forms.

scholarly journals The Comparison between Human Sacrifice in Egypt and that in China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Human Sacrifice ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Egyptian Culture

From the paper, we can think why human sacrifice does not appear prior to Aha, nor after the 1st Dynasty of Egypt, and human sacrifice was found a little in Greece and ancient Rome, but it existed massively in China. So I get a conclusion that some Egyptian people came to China and brought the ancient Egyptian culture, and Chinese inherited the Egyptian culture.

scholarly journals Transitional Rites in Pre-Dynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 387-407
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
World Order ◽  
Marital Relations ◽  
High Position ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Early Dynastic ◽  
The World ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
The Universe

Mythopoetic thinking operates on a binary principle, classifying all the phenomena of the macro- and microcosm. The opposition between cosmos and chaos, in other words, between life and non-being, was fundamental. Spaces assimilated by culture, an ordered world, symbolized by various images: a pillar, a mountain, a temple, a dwelling, was conceived as the center of the universe, which was opposed by chaos that threatened order. These ideas about the world order were actualized in the sphere of ritual, designed to preserve the order created in the first times by the ancestors and gods. The repetition of the original myth in the ritual was supposed to restore, renew the world order in the cyclical movement of time. This applied both to the general Egyptian holidays, such as the New Year, and to the initiations that members of society took place at one stage or another of the development of Ancient Egyptian culture. Transitional rites had two aspects: age and social. When passing the initiation, the members of the collective increased their social status, became initiated, moving from adolescence to marital relations, increasing their status in the collective. A special position was occupied by leaders and kings, who confirmed their high position in society during the holiday sd. Funerals were also considered transitional rites. Transitional rituals united ideas about such opposites as life and death, which was equated with the loss of a person's previous social status. An indispensable attribute of rituals was sacrifice, and not only bloody of animals, but also sacrifice with ancient ritual objects during the construction of temples on the site of ancient sanctuaries. Notable examples have been associated with the kings in charge of the prosperity of Egypt.

Further Aspects of Mathematics from New Kingdom Sources

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Imhausen
Keyword(s):  
Number System ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Wisdom Literature ◽  
New Kingdom ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
And Mathematics

This chapter proposes the following scenario: mathematics not only played a huge role within the education and work life of a scribe, but it also held an important role within ancient Egyptian culture in general. This role developed from the beginnings of the Egyptian state and the first uses of the number system (e.g., when the display of large numbers was used to express a certain power) and was by no means confined to the realm of the living. The discussions cover mathematics and wisdom literature, mathematics in the Duties of the Vizier, mathematics and death, and mathematics in architecture and art.

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