Localization of Uranium in Cladina rangiferina and Cladina mitis and Removal by Aqueous Washing

1997 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Marcella L. Trembley ◽  
Dianne Fahselt ◽  
Susan Madzia
Keyword(s):  
Cladina Rangiferina

Copper, nickel, and thallium uptake by the lichen Cladina rangiferina

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. S. Burton ◽  
P. LeSueur ◽  
K. J. Puckett
Keyword(s):  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Nickel Uptake ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Uptake Studies ◽  
Cladina Rangiferina ◽  
Very High

Metal uptake studies with Cladina rangiferina showed that the affinity for nickel was much lower than for copper or thallium. Nickel uptake was not decreased by the absence of light or oxygen or by pretreatment with metabolic inhibitors. Nickel uptake was not temperature dependent but was very dependent upon pH.Cation-exchange studies demonstrated that there was a stoichiometric exchange of Ni2+ for Sr2+, and Cu2+ for Sr2+. The exchange of Tl+ for Sr2+ was not stoichiometric, excess Tl+ was accumulated in relation to the Sr2+ released. The ratio of Sr2+:Tl+ exchange increased with increasing Tl+ availability from 1:9 (12.5 μmol Tl+ available/g of lichen) to 1:2 (500 μmol Tl+ available). Acid-treated lichen gave the expected exchange ratio of 1:2. Washing of the thalli with deionized water resulted in the continued loss of Tl+ from acid-treated and live C. rangiferina. Copper and nickel were not released in this manner.Increasing concentrations of copper and thallium produced a corresponding loss of potassium from the thallus. The potassium loss was initiated at low concentrations of copper and thallium whereas very high concentrations of manganese and nickel were required to bring about the same response.

Responses of the phosphatase activity of the lichen Cladina rangiferina to various environmental factors including metals

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 1534-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Lane ◽  
K. J. Puckett
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Nitrophenyl Phosphate ◽  
Cladina Rangiferina ◽  
Reduced Activity ◽  
Menten Constant

The characteristics of phosphatase activity of Cladina rangiferina (L.) Harm, have been studied. Calculations of enzyme activities were based on the liberation of p-nitrophenol from p-nitrophenyl phosphate. The phosphatase activity was found to be linear both with increasing sample size (enzyme concentration) and increasing time, showed highest activity at acidic pH, and had a Michaelis–Menten constant of 8.9 × 10−3 M. The enzyme activity was maximal in the range 61 ± 10 °C, was independent of light, and was completely eliminated by boiling the thalli. Various cations and anions were tested for their effect; uranyl and vanadyl ions inhibited activity by 60% whereas copper, nickel, and silver enhanced activity by 10%. The anions biselenite, cyanide, fluoride, molybdate, phosphate, and vanadate all greatly reduced activity (≥ 50%). Phosphatase activity was demonstrated in other lichen species.

scholarly journals Feeding site selection by woodland caribou in north-central British Columbia

Rangifer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J. Johnson ◽  
Katherine L. Parker ◽  
Douglas C. Heard
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Woodland Caribou ◽  
North Central ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Cladina Rangiferina ◽  
The Individual

We examined the foraging habits of the northern woodland caribou ecotype {Rangifer tarandus caribou) at the scale of the individual feeding site. Field data were collected in north-central British Columbia over two winters (Dec 1996-Apr 1998). We trailed caribou and measured vegetation characteristics (species composition and percent cover), snow conditions (depth, density, and hardness), and canopy closure at terrestrial and arboreal feeding sites, and at random sites where feeding had not occurred. Logistic regression was used to determine the attributes of feeding sites that were important to predicting fine scale habitat selection in forested and alpine areas. In the forest, caribou selected feeding sites that had a greater percent cover of Cladina mitis and Cladonia spp, lower snow depths, and a lower percentage of debris and moss. Biomass of Bryoria spp. at the 1-2 m stratum above the snow significantly contributed to predicting what trees caribou chose as arboreal feeding sites. In the alpine, caribou selected feeding sites with a greater percent cover of Cladina mitis, Cladina rangiferina, Cetraria cucullata, Cetraria nivalis, Thamnolia spp., and Stereocaulon alpinum as well as lower snow depths.

Sulphur dioxide threshold concentration values for Cladina rangiferina in the Mackenzie Valley, N.W.T.

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 806-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Grace ◽  
T. J. Gillespie ◽  
K. J. Puckett
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Layer Resistance ◽  
Boundary Layer Resistance ◽  
Cladina Rangiferina

A simulation model for the prediction of threshold concentration values of gaseous sulphur dioxide for damage to Cladina rangiferina over a 24-h period is presented. The model requires inputs of near surface relative humidities and air temperatures as well as lichen surface temperatures, and nearby airport wind speeds. An initial value of percent lichen water content must also be specified. Studies of lichen water relationships provided expressions utilized in the model for the calculation of the percent lichen water content. The model was applied to four microclimatically different days for an open lichen–spruce woodland near Inuvik, N.W.T. Boundary-layer resistance was found to be not as important as internal thallus resistance to sulphur dioxide uptake. For all days examined, threshold gaseous concentration values of sulphur dioxide for a 24-h period ranged from 20 to 30 μg∙m−3.

THE EFFECT OF TIME OF EXPOSURE TO SULPHUR DIOXIDE ON POTASSIUM LOSS FROM AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN THE LICHEN, CLADINA RANGIFERINA (L.) HARM.

1977 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D. TOMASSINI ◽  
P. LAVOIE ◽  
K. J. PUCKETT ◽  
E. NIEBOER ◽  
D. H. S. RICHARDSON
Keyword(s):  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Potassium Loss ◽  
Cladina Rangiferina

scholarly journals Fire - caribou - winter range relationships in northern Canada

Rangifer ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Thomas ◽  
S.J. Barry ◽  
G. Alaie
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
The West ◽  
North Central ◽  
Winter Range ◽  
Peak Biomass ◽  
Central Canada ◽  
Cladina Rangiferina ◽  
Terrestrial Lichen

We needed data on temporal changes in caribou forages after fire and relative use of age-classes of forests by caribou to help devise a fire suppression priority strategy for caribou winter range in north-central Canada. Consequently, from 1983 through 1986, we estimated the abundance of vegetation and relative use by caribou at 197 sites in western and eastern study areas on the winter range of the Beverly herd of caribou {Rangifer tarandus). Species of lichens attained peak biomass at different periods after fire - as early as 40-60 years for Cladonia spp. to > 150 years for Cladina rangiferina and Cetraria nivalis. Biomass of the primary "caribou lichen", Cladina mitis, increased rapidly from 21-30 years after fire to 41-50 years and attained maximum biomass at 81-90 yeats in the west and 41-60 years in the east. However, total lichen biomass increased with age of forest to 100-150 years because biomass of Stereocaulon spp. did not peak until after 100 years. The biomass of "caribou lichens" {Cladina spp. and Cetraria nivalis) stabilized after 61-80 years in the west and 41-60 years in the east. The biomass of terrestrial lichen species can be predicted from their cover. Caribou lichen abundance apparently was only one of several factors that caused caribou to use stands 151-250 years after fire more than othet age classes.

scholarly journals Impact of forest fertilizers on winter pastures of semi-domesticated reindeer

Rangifer ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olof Eriksson ◽  
Tuomo Raunistola
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Field Sampling ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cladina Rangiferina ◽  
Positive Effect

The effects of forest fertilizers on Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Cladina arbusculua, Cladina rangiferina and Cladina stellaris were studied during an eleven-year experimental period in Vasterbotten, Sweden. The study site was situated in the boreal region and was part of a 130 years old Pinus sylvestris stand. The forest type is mainly the dry dwarf-shrub type. Thirty-two demarcated plots (20 m x 20 m) were grouped into eight blocks, each containing four plots. In 1979 and 1985 fertilizations with ammonium nitrate equiavalent to 150 kg N/ha, with ammonium nitrate equiavalent to 250 kg N/ha and with urea equiavalent to 150 kg N/ha were carried out. Field sampling wad done in late July 1979, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1988 and 1990. Main parameters studied were coverage, height and standing crop. Effects were visible already after one growing season. All treatments had a positive effect on the growth of C. vulgaris and V. vitis-idaea. Doses around or over 150 kg N/ha, gave a clearly negative effect (range 23% - 73%) on the standing crop of Cladina spp. for a period of time exceeding eleven years compared to the control standing crop.

scholarly journals Upscaling reflectance information of lichens and mosses using a singularity index: a case study of the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2557-2565 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Neta ◽  
Q. Cheng ◽  
R. L. Bello ◽  
B. Hu
Keyword(s):  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Singularity Index ◽  
Hudson Bay Lowlands ◽  
Reflectance Analysis ◽  
Cladina Rangiferina ◽  
Index Future ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Assessing moisture contents of lichens and mosses using ground-based high spectral resolution spectrometers (400–2500 nm) offers immense opportunities for a comprehensive monitoring of peatland moisture status by satellite/airborne imagery. This information may be valuable for present and future carbon balance modeling. Previous studies are based upon point measurements of vegetation moisture content and water table position, and therefore a detailed moisture status of entire northern peatlands is not available. Consequently, upscaling ground and remotely sensed data to the desired spatial resolutions is inevitable. This study continues our previous investigation of the impact of various moisture conditions of common sub-Arctic lichen and moss species (i.e., Cladina stellaris, Cladina rangiferina, Dicranum elongatum, and Tomenthypnum nitens) upon the spectral signatures obtained in the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada. Upscaling reflectance measurements of the above species were conducted in the field, and reflectance analysis using a singularity index was made, since this study serves as a basis for future aircraft/satellite research. An attempt to upscale current and new spectral reflectance indices developed in our previous studies was made as well. Our findings indicate that the spectral index C. rangiferina is to a lesser amount influenced by scale since it has a small R2 values between the log of the index and the log of the resolution, reduced slopes between the log of the index and the log of the resolution, and similar slopes between log reflectance and log resolution (α) of two wavelengths employed by the index. Future study should focus on concurrent monitoring of moisture variations in lichens and mosses both in situ and from satellite and airborne images, as well as analysis of fractal models in relations to the upscaling experiments.

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