A Study of the Microscopic Phenomena of Inflammation, with Special Reference to the Diapedesis of the White Blood Corpuscle

1895 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Charles F. Craig

For the investigation of cellular individuality in the higher animals the red blood corpuscle naturally suggests itself, for many reasons, as the cell most suitable for experimental study, and it was with this cell that Bordet (1898) carried out his pioneer work in the application of the methods of immunity to the study of the specificity of the animal cell. He showed that the immunisation of an animal with the red cells from an animal of a different species leads to the formation of antibodies (haemolysins and haemagglutinins) in the blood of the immunised animal, and that these antibodies are to a large extent specific, in that they act much more powerfully on the red blood corpuscles of animals of the species whose blood has been used for the immunisation than on those of other species—thus showing that the red cell possesses a marked and easily demonstrable “ species specificity.”


In experiments described in an earlier communication (Todd, 1930), dealing with the examination of the red blood corpuscles of the domestic fowl by means of artificially prepared iso-agglutinating sera, it was found possible, by the use of such sera, to differentiate the corpuscles of any particular fowl from those of any other individual of the same species, provided that the individuals in question were not close blood relations. In the case of closely related fowls, on the other hand, this could not always be done, at any rate by means of a single serum, as the red cells of certain members of a family were found to resemble one another so closely in their behaviour to the serum as to be indistinguishable from one another.


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