The secretary problem with an unknown number of candidates

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Abdel-hamid ◽  
J. A. Bather ◽  
G. B. Trustrum
Keyword(s):  
Prior Distribution ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Secretary Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simple Condition ◽  
Unknown Number ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Improper Prior

When the number of candidates is unknown, the problem of selecting the best during a sequence of interviews has many reasonable solutions. A simple condition for admissibility is established and it is shown that the class of Bayes solutions obtained by treating the number of candidates as a random variable is by no means complete. On the other hand, there is a single improper prior distribution for which the extended Bayes solutions constitute the whole family of admissible procedures.

The secretary problem with an unknown number of candidates

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 619-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Abdel-hamid ◽  
J. A. Bather ◽  
G. B. Trustrum
Keyword(s):  
Prior Distribution ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Secretary Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simple Condition ◽  
Unknown Number ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Improper Prior

When the number of candidates is unknown, the problem of selecting the best during a sequence of interviews has many reasonable solutions. A simple condition for admissibility is established and it is shown that the class of Bayes solutions obtained by treating the number of candidates as a random variable is by no means complete. On the other hand, there is a single improper prior distribution for which the extended Bayes solutions constitute the whole family of admissible procedures.

Random sets for the pointwise ergodic theorem

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yenkun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Ergodic Theorem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Random Sets ◽  
Simple Condition ◽  
Random Set ◽  
Large Classes ◽  
Pointwise Ergodic Theorem ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Density Zero ◽  
Banach Density

AbstractWe generalize a result of Bourgain and devise more general criteria which guarantee that the corresponding random set in Z+ almost surely satisfies a pointwise ergodic theorem on Lp for p > 1. Several large classes of examples are constructed. We also show that under a simple condition the corresponding random set in Z+ almost surely satisfies a pointwise ergodic theorem not only on Lp for p > 1 but also on L1. On the other hand, we establish a criterion to conclude that a certain class of random sets have Banach density zero. In particular, all of the examples mentioned have Banach density zero.

NOTES ON THE ORGANS AND PROCESSES OF SPERM-TRANSFER IN THE LOWER DIPTERA

1968 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Downes
Keyword(s):  
Closed System ◽  
Common Duct ◽  
Sperm Transfer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simple Condition ◽  
Close Apposition ◽  
Muscular Coat ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Single Opening ◽  
The Common

AbstractIn Tanyderidae, Blepharoceridae, and Cylindrotominae, the aedeagus of the male carries three seminal ducts which open independently. In the female, similarly, there are three spermathecae and their ducts lead to independent openings on the ninth sternum, spaced to correspond to those of the male. The aedeagal ducts are very narrow and arise from an ejaculatory pump supplied by the common duct of the testes; and during mating the aedeagal openings are closely applied to the spermathecal openings or inserted into the spermathecal ducts. The ejaculatory pump and closed system during mating occur in many, but not all, Nematocera and perhaps throughout the Brachycera, but the tripartite condition of the organs of sperm transfer is reduced to a bipartite condition in Phlebotominae and to a ’simple’ condition, with only a single opening of the aedeagus and spermathecal system, in nearly all other Diptera. The spermathecae themselves, however, remain three in number almost throughout the order, though their ducts unite before opening; and this pattern must have been derived from the tripartite pattern of the Tanyderidae, etc., which represents the basic condition in the order.In the Culiciformia (Culicidae, Chironomidae, Simuliidae, etc.) on the other hand, there is no ejaculatory pump but its place is taken by a wide duct lined with folded cuticle and covered by a muscular coat. The aedeagus is not suited for close apposition to the spermathecal opening. During mating a larger quantity of sperm-containing material is deposited in the surrounding atrium, as a liquid (Culicidae) or often as a spermatophore. Sperm transfer can be completed rapidly, as the pair meet in flight in the swarm. One primitive family, the Dixidae, constitutes an exception to these generalizations.The Bibionomorpha, except for Anisopus, were not studied.A brief comment is made on the characteristic small size of the dipterous spermatheca and the fineness of the spermathecal ducts.

scholarly journals Rolul vinovăției în funcționarea remediilor pentru neexecutarea contractului

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-902
Author(s):  
Ionuț-Florin Popa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Liability ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
The Other ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Simple Condition ◽  
Breach Of Contract ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Legal Situation

The principle of guilt is traditionally considered as being the basis of civil liability. In contractual matter, for a long period of time, it was considered that the rights of the creditor under the assumption of non performance were conditional upon the existence of the guilt of the debtor in non execution. The entry into force of the New Civil Code offered the opportunity of a broad based discussion related to the conditions for applying remedies for the non performance of the contract. The essence of these debates is represented by the condition itself of the guilt in the activation and operation of remedies. The study aims at demonstrating that, actually, the opposition existing between the subjectivist thesis (according to which guilt is a condition of remedies) and the objectivist thesis (which states the opposite) is without a real practical stake. In essence, guilt remains a simple condition of a form of contractual non performance – breach of contract –, and not a condition of activation of remedies. On the other hand, remedies are subject to a variety of rules which often make it difficult their suitability for the legal situation called into question. Although factualism underlies the application of remedies, a set of rules applicable to the entire system of remedies is identifiable starting from the assumption that the suitable remedy is found for any non performance.

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

Life Beyond 1MeV

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
K.H. Westmacott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Case ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The U.S

Life beyond 1MeV – like life after 40 – is not too different unless one takes advantage of past experience and is receptive to new opportunities. At first glance, the returns on performing electron microscopy at voltages greater than 1MeV diminish rather rapidly as the curves which describe the well-known advantages of HVEM often tend towards saturation. However, in a country with a significant HVEM capability, a good case can be made for investing in instruments with a range of maximum accelerating voltages. In this regard, the 1.5MeV KRATOS HVEM being installed in Berkeley will complement the other 650KeV, 1MeV, and 1.2MeV instruments currently operating in the U.S. One other consideration suggests that 1.5MeV is an optimum voltage machine – Its additional advantages may be purchased for not much more than a 1MeV instrument. On the other hand, the 3MeV HVEM's which seem to be operated at 2MeV maximum, are much more expensive.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Don’t Put Me in This Group

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Jort de Vreeze ◽  
Christina Matschke
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Group Memberships

Abstract. Not all group memberships are self-chosen. The current research examines whether assignments to non-preferred groups influence our relationship with the group and our preference for information about the ingroup. It was expected and found that, when people are assigned to non-preferred groups, they perceive the group as different to the self, experience negative emotions about the assignment and in turn disidentify with the group. On the other hand, when people are assigned to preferred groups, they perceive the group as similar to the self, experience positive emotions about the assignment and in turn identify with the group. Finally, disidentification increases a preference for negative information about the ingroup.

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