Dead Bodies in the Postwar Discourse of Identity in Seventeenth-Century Korea: Subversion and Literary Production in the Private Sector

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahyun Kim Haboush
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
World War ◽  
Mass Graves ◽  
Dead Bodies ◽  
Moral Weakness

As katherine verdery notes, dead bodies have had political lives in virtually every civilization since antiquity. They frequently emerge as powerful metaphors of change, especially after a time of crisis when the meaning of political symbols is redefined. This is vividly exemplified by what happened to the exhumed bodies of various ethnic groups in the former Yugoslavia (Verdery 1999, 1–22). Postwar discourse is another site in which dead bodies frequently emerge as metaphors. Some of the most unforgettable sights concerning World War II are pictures of huge piles of exhumed human bodies from the mass graves of Jews. We know that these are not skeletons of those who have died natural deaths because these images have often been shown along with the pictures of inmates of the concentration and death camps, emaciated to the point of nonrecognition as living human beings. Through this process, the pictures have acquired an independent status as encoded language: they signify unbelievable evil committed against humanity, and they display the moral weakness of the rest of humanity that failed to resist and end such atrocities.

Systematic Government Access to Private-Sector Data in Japan

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motohiro Tsuchiya
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Information Protection ◽  
World War ◽  
Sector Data ◽  
Personal Information Protection

The Japanese legal system has been based on the German legal system since the mid-nineteenth century, but the American legal system was grafted onto it following Japan’s defeat in World War II in 1945. The postwar Constitution contained an article regarding the secrecy of communications and protected privacy in terms of respect of individuals. Now, as the Personal Information Protection Law in the Executive Branch, which was enacted in 1988, and the Personal Information Protection Law, which was enacted in 2003, strictly regulate privacy, there have been fewer problematic cases regarding governmental access to private-sector data. Data gathering for law enforcement or intelligence activities has also been weaker following World War II. Private-sector corporations/organizations might share data with government agencies, but based on voluntary arrangements, not by any mandatory system. More focus is being cast not on governmental access to private-sector data, but on citizen’s access to data.

The Baroque as Anti-Classicism: The French Case

2019 ◽  
pp. 622-641
Author(s):  
Larry F. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
World War ◽  
Louis Xiv ◽  
Critical Tradition ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
French Case

This chapter examines the rising mid-twentieth-century attention to the Baroque as a challenge to “French Classicism.” The concept of the literary Baroque faced strong opposition in France, where it undermined a critical tradition that isolated the “Age of Louis XIV” from European-wide currents. After World War II, the transnational Baroque provided a model for a more cosmopolitan view of the seventeenth century. Its integration into French literary and cultural history, however, reverses established paradigms of cultural evolution and periodization according to which Renaissance Classicism is followed by Counter-Reformation Baroque. This development also raises questions concerning the intellectual and ideological underpinning of the Baroque, including its relation to monarchy and Cartesian modernity. Authors examined include foundational figures of comparative literature (Erich Auerbach, E. R. Curtius, Leo Spitzer, René Wellek), art critics and historians (Eugenio d’Ors, Arnold Hauser, Victor-L. Tapié), and pioneers of the French Baroque (Jean Rousset, Marcel Raymond).

Economic and Social Rights Lost in Transition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2(22) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Davor Trlin
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Self Management ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
World War ◽  
Basic Reason

All European constitutions after World War II expressed their commitment to economic and social rights. Those countries that began building socialist social order after the war specially emphasized those rights. After the break-up of the “socialist paradigm” and the establishment of “new democracies”, constitutional leaders have taken a new stance towards the socio-economic group. This is the process that did not bypassed countries formed by dissolution of Yugoslavia. We will analyse specially what is left of the constitutional experiment of self-management. Nowadays, there is no workers’ participation in place in any of the countries that emerged after the breakup of the former Yugoslavia, neither as a system nor as a practice of having consultations within companies with the aim to address specific technological, organisational and social problems. There are several reasons for this, but the basic reason is that politicians still believe that workers’ participation was created as part of the ideological apparatus of the former socialist system. By way of property rights and small shareholding, the laws opened the way to participation, and the legal framework could continue to develop.

Boundaries of Inclusion and Exclusion in Postwar America

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Danielle Battisti
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Position ◽  
American Identity ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
Postwar America ◽  
Immigration Laws ◽  
Italian American ◽  
White Ethnic

The introduction comments on the nature of campaigns to reform American immigration laws after World War II, Italian American identity, and the political and social position of white ethnic groups.

Steroids aid in human decomposition fluid identification in soils of temporary mass graves from World War II

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 102431
Author(s):  
Barbara von der Lühe ◽  
Katharina Prost ◽  
Jago Jonathan Birk ◽  
Sabine Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Mass Graves ◽  
Fluid Identification ◽  
Human Decomposition

Quantitative XRF Analysis of Trace Barium in Porcelains by Source Excitation

1985 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1040-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Yap ◽  
S. M. Tang
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
World War ◽  
Addition Method ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Xrf Analysis ◽  
Calibration Curves ◽  
Source Excitation

Quantitative determination of barium in Chinese porcelains from the seventeenth century to modern times together with some modern non-Chinese porcelains was made with the use of calibration curves obtained by the addition method. All Chinese porcelains from K'ang Hsi (Kangxi, 1662–1722) up to World War II were found to have a barium content between 100 ppm and 130 ppm. For those made after World War II, the barium content varies from 60 ppm to 7000 ppm, and only a few pieces are in the range from 100 ppm to 130 ppm, making it possible to identify most of the modern fake reproductions.

Liberal Default, Labor Support, and Conservative Neutrality: The Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program After World War II

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rickey L. Hendricks
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Care Program ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
Kaiser Permanente

In the politically turbulent post–World War II period, proposed federal legislation to expand the welfare state pitted conservative Republicans against liberal Democrats in Congress. The conflict over national health insurance introduced between 1943 and 1947 in the Wagner-Murray- Dingell bill ended in a conservative victory with the bill stalled in committee. The primary constituents of the two sides were American Medical Association (AMA) spokesmen and corporate interests on the political right and labor leaders and public health advocates on the left. By 1946 the conservatives controlled Congress; thereafter liberal congressional reformers defaulted on the national health issue, as they had throughout the twentieth century, to corporate progressives and the tenets of “welfare capitalism.” Government continued as a regulator of “minimum standards” for business and industry. Provision of voluntary health insurance and direct medical services was left to the private sector. The Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program emerged out of the political stalemate over health care in the middle 1940s as a highly efficient and popular prepaid group health plan, innovative in its large scale and total integration of service and facilities. Its survival and growth was due to its acceptability to both liberals and conservatives as a model private-sector alternative to national health insurance or any other form of state medicine.

The N.C.N.C. and Ethnic Unions in Biafra

1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Chapman Smock
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
World War ◽  
Federal Level ◽  
First Republic ◽  
Ethnic Factors

The omnipresence of ethnic factors as a determinant in Nigerian politics during the first republic appears almost as a truism for Africansts today. The fragmentation of Nigeria into two units with the secession of Biafra on 30 May 1967 constitutes the most tragic and vivid manifestation of the consequences of ethnic confrontation. But in addition to these well-known ethnic-bloc politics at the macropolitical— Federal—level, competition based on ethnic groups also characterised the regional and local political systems. After all, the separate identities of such ethnic groups as the Ibo, the Yoruba, and the Hausa—Fulani only became relevant and generally accepted subsequent to the Introduction of a representative political system after World War II.

scholarly journals Hiroshima’s Hibakusha: The Costs of Human Health in a Nuclear Age

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Powell
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
World War ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Nuclear Age ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Many

At the end of World War II, Japan, as well as the rest of the world, was thrust into a new age of unbelievably destructive possibilities: the first use of nuclear weapons against human beings. Not only could such a bomb flatten an entire city, it could do so in only an instant. The poorly understood scars that were left showed a new level of war that the world needs to come to terms with. By considering the many medical effects of the atomic bomb on the victims of Hiroshima City, which encompasses the initial blast, radiation, and traumatic effects, we can gain a better understanding of the terrible costs of human health in nuclear war.

scholarly journals The “Black Sounds” of Ene Mihkelson’s Katkuhaud (‘Plague Grave’) and W. G. Sebald’s Austerlitz. Part II. Memory and Emotion

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Maire Jaanus
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii

Part I of this article appeared in Interlitteraria 2016, 21/2. Part II elaborates on how Mihkelson and Sebald represent their experiences of emotional memory and their feelings of fear, grief, emptiness, and loneliness – in the post-World War II and our historical era. In its comparisons of Mihkelson and Sebald, and both with Lorca, the essay stresses the emotional affinities between human beings that may exist alongside linguistic, historical, political, and other cultural differences.

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