Measurement of Solar Radiation Under Forest Canopies by Use of Chlorophyll Extracts

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick R. Swan ◽  
Helmut Lieth
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Forest Canopies ◽  
Chlorophyll Extracts

Global radiation within subarctic open forest canopies

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1062-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Lafleur ◽  
Blair K. Mantha
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Canopy Closure ◽  
Predictive Equations ◽  
Forest Canopies ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
The Mean

Measurements of global solar radiation were made at six sites with varying architecture within a subarctic open forest near Churchill, Manitoba. Below-canopy radiation was determined from a network of nine sensors and the mean was compared with global radiation above the canopy. The ratio of below- to above-canopy radiation, R, ranged from 0.52 to 0.7 for the six sites. This range falls within the range of observations from other subarctic sites. At all sites, R was smaller for clear than for overcast skies; however, the differences were not statistically significant. The data from this study were combined with data from the literature in order to develop predictive equations for solar radiation at the floor of subarctic forests, based on easily derived forest parameters. Linear relationships were found between R and canopy closure (r2 = 0.76) and between R and tree height (r2 = 0.88).

Light quantity and quality on the forest floor of pioneer and climax stages in a birch–beech–sugar maple stand

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Messier ◽  
Pierre Bellefleur
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Forest Canopies ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Light Quantity ◽  
Two Stages

The quantity and quality of solar radiation (300 to 1100 nm) beneath forest canopies were compared on sunny (sunflecks excluded) and cloudy days between the pioneer and climax stages of a birch–beech–sugar maple stand, and among the main species within these two stages of succession. The climax stage (mature canopies) transmits less energy between 300 and 1100 nm and casts smaller red to far red ratios than the pioneer stage (5-year-old canopies) on both sunny and cloudy days. Moreover, the canopies of the main species within each of these two stages of succession do not transmit the same quantity and quality of solar radiation. All these differences are greater on cloudy than sunny days. Leaf transmittance varies among species but this alone does not explain the differences in canopy transmission among these same species. The results are discussed in relation to the ecological significance for the plants growing under birch–beech–sugar maple stands.

Tests of Solar Radiation Models in Three Forest Canopies

Ecology ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip C. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Forest Canopies

Report Details Solar Radiation Alert and Recommendations

Space Weather ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Staedter
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation

Production of methymercury by solar radiation

2003 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 743-747
Author(s):  
D. R.S. Lean ◽  
SD. Siciliano
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation

Influence of trees on the energy consumption of a social housing in mid-western Brazil

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Renata Domingos ◽  
Emeli Guarda ◽  
Elaise Gabriel ◽  
João Sanches
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Ample Evidence

In the last decades, many studies have shown ample evidence that the existence of trees and vegetation around buildings can contribute to reduce the demand for energy by cooling and heating. The use of green areas in the urban environment as an effective strategy in reducing the cooling load of buildings has attracted much attention, though there is a lack of quantitative actions to apply the general idea to a specific building or location. Due to the large-scale construction of high buildings, large amounts of solar radiation are reflected and stored in the canyons of the streets. This causes higher air temperature and surface temperature in city areas compared to the rural environment and, consequently, deteriorates the urban heat island effect. The constant high temperatures lead to more air conditioning demand time, which results in a significant increase in building energy consumption. In general, the shade of the trees reduces the building energy demand for air conditioning, reducing solar radiation on the walls and roofs. The increase of urban green spaces has been extensively accepted as effective in mitigating the effects of heat island and reducing energy use in buildings. However, by influencing temperatures, especially extreme, it is likely that trees also affect human health, an important economic variable of interest. Since human behavior has a major influence on maintaining environmental quality, today's urban problems such as air and water pollution, floods, excessive noise, cause serious damage to the physical and mental health of the population. By minimizing these problems, vegetation (especially trees) is generally known to provide a range of ecosystem services such as rainwater reduction, air pollution mitigation, noise reduction, etc. This study focuses on the functions of temperature regulation, improvement of external thermal comfort and cooling energy reduction, so it aims to evaluate the influence of trees on the energy consumption of a house in the mid-western Brazil, located at latitude 15 ° S, in the center of South America. The methodology adopted was computer simulation, analyzing two scenarios that deal with issues such as the influence of vegetation and tree shade on the energy consumption of a building. In this way, the methodological procedures were divided into three stages: climatic contextualization of the study region; definition of a basic dwelling, of the thermophysical properties; computational simulation for quantification of energy consumption for the four facade orientations. The results show that the façades orientated to north, east and south, without the insertion of arboreal shading, obtained higher values of annual energy consumption. With the adoption of shading, the facades obtained a consumption reduction of around 7,4%. It is concluded that shading vegetation can bring significant climatic contribution to the interior of built environments and, consequently, reduction in energy consumption, promoting improvements in the thermal comfort conditions of users.

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