The Bantu in the City: a study of cultural readjustment on the Witwatersrand, Methods of Study of Culture Contact in Africa and Native Standards of Living and African Culture Change

1939 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Change ◽  
Culture Contact ◽  
African Culture ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
The City

scholarly journals The Economics of Slums in the Developing World

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Marx ◽  
Thomas Stoker ◽  
Tavneet Suri
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Poverty Traps ◽  
Threshold Effects ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The global expansion of urban slums poses questions for economic research as well as problems for policymakers. We provide evidence that the type of poverty observed in contemporary slums of the developing world is characteristic of that described in the literature on poverty traps. We document how human capital threshold effects, investment inertia, and a “policy trap” may prevent slum dwellers from seizing economic opportunities offered by geographic proximity to the city. We test the assumptions of another theory—that slums are a just transitory phenomenon characteristic of fastgrowing economies—by examining the relationship between economic growth, urban growth, and slum growth in the developing world, and whether standards of living of slum dwellers are improving over time, both within slums and across generations. Finally, we discuss why standard policy approaches have often failed to mitigate the expansion of slums in the developing world. Our aim is to inform public debate on the essential issues posed by slums in the developing world.

A Uganda Secondary School as a Field of Culture Change

Africa ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Musgrove
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Culture Change ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Culture Contact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Complementary Study

Opening ParagraphI Propose to examine the Uganda secondary boys' boarding-school, in which I teach, as an institution in culture contact; to consider how far its function must be interpreted in terms of its own dynamism and how far in terms of the parent cultures of the Black and White members of the community. The interpretation I make from data gained chiefly within the school is necessarily incomplete, and a complementary study by a field anthropologist, looking at the school from the point of view of outside society, is desirable. But within the limits of the data available to a schoolmaster I here offer a description and an analysis.

O Ilê Axé Nagô Oxaguiã: um Terreiro de Candomblé e Jurema no sertão (Semiárido) da Região Nordeste do Brasil.

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira Junior
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Well Being ◽  
African Culture ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
De Se ◽  
The City ◽  
Traditional Communities

Sinopse:Desde 2010 o Ilê Axé Nagô Ôxáguiã encontra-se em atividade na cidade de Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte, trazendo consigo segmento de Candomblé da nação Nagô e o segmento da Jurema.No ano de 2016, o Ilê Axé Nagô Ôxáguiã, através de seu representante, Pai Aderbal, passa a integrar o Conselho do Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Território da Cidadania do Seridó, compondo a Câmara de Comunidades Tradicionais; que agrega representantes de comunidades quilombolas, Ordem do Rosário, Casas de Candomblé.O Candomblé de Pai Aderbal está sendo visto como instituição de referência para a academia (alguns projetos acontecem em parceria com a UFRN), para a Secretaria de Saúde e Assistência Social. Houve o reconhecimento deste terreiro como local de referência de bem-estar para pessoas de baixa renda (em maior número). Na atualidade, o terreiro avança no sentido de se tornar legal juridicamente. É o primeiro passo em sua afirmação política e social enquanto instituição que agrega valores da cultura africana e ameríndia na região do Seridó.sinopsis:Since 2010, Ilê Axé Nagô Ôxáguiã is active in the city of Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte, bringing with it segment of Candomblé of Nagô nation and the segment of Jurema.In 2016, Ilê Axé Nagô Ôxáguiã, through its representative, Father Aderbal, becomes part of the Sustainable Development Council of the Seridó Citizenship Territory, composing the Chamber of Traditional Communities; Which includes representatives of quilombola communities, Ordem do Rosário, Casas de Candomblé.The Candomblé of Pai Aderbal is being seen as a reference institution for the academy (some projects happen in partnership with UFRN), for the Secretariat of Health and Social Assistance. There was recognition of this terreiro as a place of reference of well-being for people of low income (in greater number). At present, the terreiro advances in the sense of becoming juridically legal. It is the first step in its political and social affirmation as an institution that adds values of the African culture in the region of Seridó.Palabras-chave:Candomblé, Jurema, Caicó.KeyWords: Candomblé, Jurema, Caicó.Ficha técnica:Autora:Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorFotografias: Acervo do Autor: Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorDireção, Edição de Imagem e Texto: Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorFicha técnica:Autora:Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorFotografía:Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorDirección:Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira Junior

An English Paradise to Regain? Ebenezer Howard, the Town and Country Planning Association and English Ruralism

Rural History ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Heathorn
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Frank Lloyd Wright ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town ◽  
Country Planning

Although not a figure now widely known, Sir Ebenezer Howard has had a profound influence on British and, indirectly, on European and American urban planners. The historian Robert Fishman noted in 1978 that while Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright had become legendary as visionary architects and urban planners, Howard, probably more influential in the evolution of urban planning than either of them, has remained relatively obscure. Howard, like his more famous contemporaries, has always been characterized as Utopian by some because he imagined that city planning could aid in the creation of an entirely new society. For Howard, this society was to be one in which social divisions would be eliminated and the standards of living of all citizens would be raised through participatory social democracy organized at the city level. Howard attempted to realize this new society through building experimental communities to serve as models to be emulated elsewhere.

The Study of Culture Contact and the Determination of Policy

Africa ◽  
1936 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Culture Contact ◽  
African Culture ◽  
Mutual Contact ◽  
Native Contact ◽  
Contact Situation ◽  
The One ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
European Farming

Opening ParagraphAlthough the term culture contact implies the existence of several cultures in mutual contact with one another, the African anthropologist is primarily interested in the one-sided effect of European or Asiatic culture upon native African culture. The opposite influence of Africa on Europe and Asia in Africa he can for his purposes discard with a brief survey of those factors that in turn affect the native contact situation, such as the influence of native labour on the system of European farming, or the specific social and economic attitude which the existence of a large native majority calls forth among the European and Indian minorities.

The City of Opportunity?

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-72
Author(s):  
Molly C. Ball
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
The Family ◽  
The City ◽  
General Strike

This chapter explores working-class residents’ daily lives, standards of living, and challenges in São Paulo between 1891 and 1918. Examining this understudied period underscores the dramatic changes World War I wrought in the city. Wartime shortages disrupted the natural ebb and flow of migration, job opportunities, and urbanization, making a difficult reality more challenging for much of the city’s working class. Some scholars have argued that the war incentivized textile production and encouraged growth, but evidence from immigrant letters and prices demonstrates increased costs for low-quality textiles. The war also cut short job opportunities and educational advancements, saw a slowdown in most standard-of-living measures, and institutionalized the family wage and informality. While city officials founded weekly food markets to assist with rising food costs, these efforts were insufficient. By 1917, the situation had deteriorated enough to provide the necessary conditions for workers, both women and men, to mobilize a general strike.

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