A New History of the United States, The American Union: A Short History of the U.S.A and the United States in The Post-war World

1949 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-116
Author(s):  
Ronald Fredenburgh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Short History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
American Union

Tasteful Networks of Attention

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Szczepaniak-Gillece
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
European Cinema ◽  
History Of ◽  
Audience Behavior ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Relationship

Many moments in the history of American exhibition illuminate the entanglement of hearing and discipline. But few point as clearly at the intertwining of listening, class, architecture, language, taste, and technology—all of which culminate in a particular dispositif of institutional indoctrination via sensory discipline—as the art house theatre and its promise of aspirational uplift for the price of good audience behavior. This chapter considers the relationship between exhibition, subtitling, sense-making lingual sound, cinephilia, spectatorship, and discipline in the late-1950s and early-1960s art house cinemas across the United States. It argues that spectators were trained for import film watching by the practice of subtitling foreign, especially European, cinema. Listening, watching, and interpreting the balance between the two thus constituted a network of proper attention that helped indoctrinate post-war spectators into post-war American taste and leisure culture.

Archaeology enters the ‘atomic age’: a short history of radiocarbon, 1946–1960

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-227
Author(s):  
EMILY M. KERN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Manhattan Project ◽  
The United States ◽  
Short History ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
History Of

AbstractToday, the most powerful research technique available for assigning chronometric age to human cultural objects is radiocarbon dating. Developed in the United States in the late 1940s by an alumnus of the Manhattan Project, radiocarbon dating measures the decay of the radioactive isotope carbon-14 (C14) in organic material, and calculates the time elapsed since the materials were removed from the life cycle. This paper traces the interdisciplinary collaboration between archaeology and radiochemistry that led to the successful development of radiocarbon dating in the early 1950s, following the movement of people and ideas from Willard Libby's Chicago radiocarbon laboratory to museums, universities and government labs in the United States, Australia, Denmark and New Zealand. I show how radiocarbon research built on existing technologies and networks in atomic chemistry and physics but was deeply shaped by its original private philanthropic funders and archaeologist users, and ultimately remained to the side of many contemporaneous Cold War scientific and military projects.

From social menace to unfulfilled promise: the evolution of policy and practice towards people with intellectual disabilities in the United States

2019 ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
Philip M. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Intellectually Disabled ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Post War ◽  
Early Century ◽  
Kennedy Family

This chapter uses the stories of three families, the ‘Kallikaks’, the Kennedys and the Fergusons, to narrate the key stages of the history of intellectual disability in the twentieth century. The so-called‘Kallikaks’ were used as part of the vicious eugenic libel against the intellectually disabled population that stoked the cruel mass institutionalization programmes of the early century. This section tells the story of Emma Wolverton, one of those on whose life stories the mythical Kallikaks were based and created to spread fear and drive segregational policy. The story of the famous Kennedy family shows the post-war journey of the intellectually disabled person from a hidden site of shame to the policy reforms of the community return. Finally, the story of the author’s own family shows some of the great post-reform liberating shifts towards a life of choice and inclusion that have taken place, and alerts us to the brooding threats that still lurk.

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