A Procedure for Estimating the Unconditional Cumulative Incidence Curve and Its Variability for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

1994 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel W. Hay ◽  
Frank A. Wolak
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cumulative Incidence Curve

Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Related Cancer in Children: Incidence and Treatment Outcome—Report of the Italian Register

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 3854-3861 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Caselli ◽  
C. Klersy ◽  
M. de Martino ◽  
C. Gabiano ◽  
L. Galli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Perinatal Exposure ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Estimated Risk ◽  
Improvement In Survival ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Cancer In Children ◽  
Associated Tumors

PURPOSE: To outline the incidence, presenting features, treatment response, and outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated malignancies in infancy and childhood, together with the estimated risk of HIV-associated cancer in children born to mothers infected with HIV. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children collected data by specific registration and follow-up forms. By March 1999, 5,060 children were recruited, including 4,889 with perinatal exposure to HIV-1. Overall, 1,331 infected children were enrolled onto the Register and classified according to current Centers for Disease Control criteria; of them, 1,163 were vertically infected (24% of those with perinatal exposure). Of these 1,163, 569 (49%) were considered to have been prospectively followed-up since they had been registered at birth or within the first 3 months of age. RESULTS: Of the 1,331 children observed for a median time of 6.5 years, 35 developed 36 malignancies, four of which occurred in patients with blood-borne risk. For the 1,163 vertically infected children, the cumulative number of years of observation was 7,178 child-years and the cumulative incidence of HIV-associated tumors was 4.18 per 1,000 children/yr (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.92 to 5.98). When only the 569 vertically infected children prospectively followed up since birth were considered, the cumulative number of years of observation was 2,803 child-years. In this group, 10 tumors were observed, with a cumulative incidence of HIV-associated tumors of 3.57 per 1,000 children per year (95% CI, 1.92 to 6.63). CONCLUSION: The risk of cancer was significantly higher but not restricted to symptomatic and/or immune-compromised children. Cancer-directed treatment should be given promptly to these patients, who have a fair chance to survive their tumor in view of potential highly aggressive antiretroviral therapy–associated improvement in survival and quality of life.

scholarly journals Coronavirus 2019 and People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Outcomes for Hospitalized Patients in New York City

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 2933-2938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Sigel ◽  
Talia Swartz ◽  
Eddye Golden ◽  
Ishan Paranjpe ◽  
Sulaiman Somani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Background There are limited data regarding the clinical impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). In this study, we compared outcomes for PLWH with COVID-19 to a matched comparison group. Methods We identified 88 PLWH hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in our hospital system in New York City between 12 March and 23 April 2020. We collected data on baseline clinical characteristics, laboratory values, HIV status, treatment, and outcomes from this group and matched comparators (1 PLWH to up to 5 patients by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and calendar week of infection). We compared clinical characteristics and outcomes (death, mechanical ventilation, hospital discharge) for these groups, as well as cumulative incidence of death by HIV status. Results Patients did not differ significantly by HIV status by age, sex, or race/ethnicity due to the matching algorithm. PLWH hospitalized with COVID-19 had high proportions of HIV virologic control on antiretroviral therapy. PLWH had greater proportions of smoking (P < .001) and comorbid illness than uninfected comparators. There was no difference in COVID-19 severity on admission by HIV status (P = .15). Poor outcomes for hospitalized PLWH were frequent but similar to proportions in comparators; 18% required mechanical ventilation and 21% died during follow-up (compared with 23% and 20%, respectively). There was similar cumulative incidence of death over time by HIV status (P = .94). Conclusions We found no differences in adverse outcomes associated with HIV infection for hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared with a demographically similar patient group.

Risk factors and cumulative incidence of anaemia among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Uganda

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Clark ◽  
F. Mmiro ◽  
C. Ndugwa ◽  
R. T. Perry ◽  
J. B. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Identification, Management, and Outcomes of Combination Antiretroviral Treatment Failure in Adolescents With Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Asia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam W Bartlett ◽  
Tavitiya Sudjaritruk ◽  
Thahira J Mohamed ◽  
Suvaporn Anugulruengkit ◽  
Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Population Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Death And Loss ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) failure is a major threat to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) programs, with implications for individual- and population-level outcomes. Adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV infection (PHIVA) should be a focus for treatment failure given their poorer outcomes compared to children and adults. Methods Data (2014–2018) from a regional cohort of Asian PHIVA who received at least 6 months of continuous cART were analyzed. Treatment failure was defined according to World Health Organization criteria. Descriptive analyses were used to report treatment failure and subsequent management and evaluate postfailure CD4 count and viral load trends. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to compare the cumulative incidence of death and loss to follow-up (LTFU) by treatment failure status. Results A total 3196 PHIVA were included in the analysis with a median follow-up period of 3.0 years, of whom 230 (7.2%) had experienced 292 treatment failure events (161 virologic, 128 immunologic, 11 clinical) at a rate of 3.78 per 100 person-years. Of the 292 treatment failure events, 31 (10.6%) had a subsequent cART switch within 6 months, which resulted in better immunologic and virologic outcomes compared to those who did not switch cART. The 5-year cumulative incidence of death and LTFU following treatment failure was 18.5% compared to 10.1% without treatment failure. Conclusions Improved implementation of virologic monitoring is required to realize the benefits of virologic determination of cART failure. There is a need to address issues related to accessibility to subsequent cART regimens, poor adherence limiting scope to switch regimens, and the role of antiretroviral resistance testing.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in Children

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly Ryan ◽  
Edward Connor ◽  
Anthony Minnefor ◽  
Frank Desposito ◽  
James Oleske
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document