Banking Structure and Bank Performance: A Case Study of Three Small Market Areas

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Richard S. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Bank Performance ◽  
Small Market ◽  
Banking Structure ◽  
Market Areas

scholarly journals Analysis of agribusiness value chains servicing small-holder dairy farming communities in Punjab, Pakistan: three case studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sosheel S. Godfrey ◽  
Gavin C. Ramsay ◽  
Karl Behrendt ◽  
Peter C. Wynn ◽  
Thomas L. Nordblom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Small Market ◽  
Setting Mechanism ◽  
Small Holder

The agriculture sector in Pakistan, as in most developing countries, is dominated by smallholder producers. Pakistan has the world’s third largest dairy industry, and milk is efficiently collected and distributed chiefly by informal value chains that market the raw product with minimal cool chain infrastructure. Formal processors have a small market share of 5%. Interview data from farmers, milk collectors and consumers from three rural-urban case study value chains were analysed to study opportunities and challenges faced by the dairy industry. Compositional analysis of milk samples (n=84) collected along these chains identified the fact that in Pakistan informal milk chains provide a cheaper source of calories for the final consumer than industrialised milk chains (USD 0.12 compared USD 0.15 per 100 calories). These three chains created an estimated 4,872 jobs from farm to market and provided access to interest-free credit for the farmers. The existing government price setting mechanism at the retail end and collusion by large processors to set farm gate prices provided significant limitations to the profitability of small-holder farms providing the product. The absence of quality and quantity standards, amid the exchange of huge numbers of small volumes of milk along these chains, are major impediments to industry growth.

scholarly journals ‘If you can’t beat them, be them’

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (70) ◽  
pp. 050-065
Author(s):  
Tim Raats ◽  
Tom Evens
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Video On Demand ◽  
The Political ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Small Market ◽  
Media Markets ◽  
Streaming Services ◽  
Market Factors

Faced with heavy competition of global subscription-video-on-demand (SVOD) streaming services, along with increased pressure on fi nancing and distribution of domestic content, legacy media players are increasingly exploring the potential of local SVOD services as domestic alternatives to global platforms such as Netflix and Disney+, often in collaboration with other European broadcasters and/or distributors.This article presents an in-depth case study of Streamz, a domestic SVOD alternative launched in Belgium in September 2020. Building on scholarly work on media disruption and platform power, the case study examines the political and market context that shaped the existence of the platform, and critically analyses the strategies pursued by legacy media players in attempting to develop and emulate key competitive advantages of global SVOD players. The article demonstrates how a persistent policy push to collaborate in a small market resulted in an unusual joint venture and, at the same time, how diff erent market factors, most of them characteristic for small media markets, pose signifi cant challenges for domestic players to develop a profi table platform in Europe, let alone be able to stand achance in a highly competitive streaming market.

scholarly journals A min-cut approach to functional regionalization, with a case study of the Italian local labour market areas

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 955-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianpiero Bianchi ◽  
Renato Bruni ◽  
Alessandra Reale ◽  
Fabio Sforzi
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Functional Regionalization ◽  
Market Areas ◽  
Min Cut

Spatial economy and the geography of functional economic areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Jones
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Spatial Economy ◽  
Market Areas ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Functional Areas

The spatial economy can be visualised as a web of overlapping markets or functional areas linked to different activities. Unfortunately, very often administrative regions and local authority areas are used as proxies for functional areas, but they have serious shortcomings for spatial economic analysis and the implementation of local policies. The spatial economy is viewed here as a complex network of economic flows within a hierarchical urban system. This paper constructs a comprehensive geography of functional economic areas by first using consistent criteria based on commuting and migration flows for England. The analysis next superimposes a central place hierarchy derived from retail sales and office centre rents. It then classifies these functional economic areas offering insights into the spatial economy of England. The geography queries the relevance of core/surrounding models of urban form as large local labour market areas comprise in some cases more than 20 housing market areas. While the research uses England as a case study, the analysis is of generic significance to the spatial economies of developed countries. The paper also raises a number of methodological and data issues for further development.

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