A Mechanistic Interpretation of Prey Selection by Anax junius Larvae (Odonata: Aeschnidae)

Joy M. Bergelson

doi:10.2307/2937365

Prey Selection by Freshwater Predators with Different Foraging Strategies

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f85-216 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 42 (11) ◽

pp. 1720-1732 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Scott D. Cooper ◽

Daniel W. Smith ◽

James R. Bence

Keyword(s):

Prey Selection ◽

Foraging Strategies ◽

Foraging Mode ◽

Encounter Rates ◽

Predator Prey ◽

Anax Junius ◽

Odonate Larvae ◽

Selection For ◽

Predator Foraging ◽

Pachydiplax Longipennis

We observed several freshwater predators, including the odonate larvae Pachydiplax longipennis and Anax junius, the hemipterans Notonecta unifasciata and Buenoa scimitra, the dytiscid larva Acilius semisulcatus, and juvenile Gambusia affinis, feeding on a variety of microcrustacean prey and determined the frequency of the component parts of predator–prey interactions (encounter, attack, capture, ingestion). Encounter rates were the most important determinant of predator selectivity when predators were presented with a variety of microcrustacean prey. When only copepod species were used as prey, however, both encounter rates and capture success were important in determining predator diets. We used our data to test hypotheses concerning relationships between predator foraging mode and patterns of prey selection: mobile predators exhibited stronger selection for sedentary prey than did sit-and-wait predators; our own and literature data also indicated that macroinvertebrate sit-and-wait predators are better able to capture, and have higher selectivity for evasive prey than do mobile predators. A predator's attack acceleration, however, may be a better predictor of its selectivity for evasive versus nonevasive prey than its mean swimming speed.

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Diet, prey selection and their energetic relationship tc reproduction in the tropical herring Herklotsichthys quadnmaculatus in Kiribati, Central Pacific

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps104239 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 104 ◽

pp. 239-250

Author(s):

DA Milton ◽

SJM Blaber ◽

NJF Rawlinson

Keyword(s):

Prey Selection ◽

Central Pacific

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Diet composition and prey selection of vendace Coregonus albula in the mesotrophic, temperate Lake Ostrowite (Northern Poland)

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies ◽

10.2478/v10009-007-0036-z ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tomasz Kakareko ◽

Paweł Napiórkowski ◽

Jacek Kozłowski

Keyword(s):

Diet Composition ◽

Prey Selection ◽

Temperate Lake ◽

Coregonus Albula ◽

Northern Poland ◽

Mesotrophic Lake ◽

Selection Of

Diet composition and prey selection of vendaceLake Ostrowite is a mesotrophic lake in Northern Poland 280.7 ha in area and 43 m deep at its deepest point. To study vendace (

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PATTERNS OF GASTROPOD MOLLUSK PREDATION ON BIVALVE MOLLUSKS ALONG THE UPPER TEXAS GULF COAST

Texas Journal of Science ◽

10.32011/txjsci_70_1_article5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Serena J. Randolph ◽

Alan D. Maccarone

Keyword(s):

Shell Thickness ◽

Prey Species ◽

Gulf Coast ◽

Prey Selection ◽

Drill Hole ◽

The United States ◽

Hole Diameter ◽

Bivalve Mollusks ◽

Collection Site ◽

Drill Holes

Abstract Predation on bivalve mollusks by gastropod mollusks is common in coastal regions of the United States; however, few previous studies have examined whether drilling gastropods exhibit prey selection. In 2016, shells with small holes drilled by as many as two gastropod predators were collected at three sites separated by 30 km along the Texas Upper Gulf Coast on the Bolivar Peninsula (29° 40′N, 94° 90′W). The likeliest predators in these waters are the southern oyster drill (Stramonita haemastoma Linnaeus 1767) and the moon snail (Neverita duplicate Say 1822). Collected shells were identified to species and measurements were taken to examine statistical relationships between predators and prey species. These measurements included drill-hole diameter, shell thickness, drill-hole completeness, number of drill attempts, and collection site. Across the three locations, 17 different species of shells with drill holes were collected; of these, we focused on the ten most abundant species (n = 277 shells). The sample showed high variation in drill-hole diameter, shell thickness, and drill-hole completeness. Both the total number of holes and mean drill-hole diameter differed significantly among prey species (ANOVA, both P < 0.0001). In addition, drill-hole diameter correlated directly with prey shell thickness (P < 0.0001). Shells whose drill holes were complete were significantly thinner than shells with incomplete holes (P < 0.0001). Mean prey shell thickness, mean drill-hole diameter, and mean number of drill holes all differed significantly by collection site (all P < 0.0001). Ecological and morphological implications related to gastropod predation on mollusks are discussed.

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Kalahari Cheetahs

10.1093/oso/9780198712145.001.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Gus Mills ◽

Margaret Mills

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Success ◽

Spatial Ecology ◽

Prey Selection ◽

Arid Ecosystems ◽

Foraging Success ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Demographic Groups ◽

Important Prey ◽

Hunting Behaviour ◽

The Impact

This book demonstrates how cheetahs are adapted to arid savannahs like the southern Kalahari, and makes comparisons with other areas, especially the Serengeti. Topics dealt with are: demography and genetic status; feeding ecology, i.e. methods used for studying diet, diets of different demographic groups, individual diet specializations of females, prey selection, the impact of cheetah predation on prey populations, activity regimes and distances travelled per day, hunting behaviour, foraging success and energetics; interspecific competition; spatial ecology; reproductive success and the mating system; and conservation. The major findings show that cheetahs are well adapted to arid ecosystems and are water independent. Cheetah density in the study area was stable at 0.7/100 km2 and the population was genetically diverse. Important prey were steenbok and springbok for females with cubs, gemsbok, and adult ostrich for coalition males, and steenbok, springhares, and hares for single animals. Cheetahs had a density-dependent regulatory effect on steenbok and springbok populations. Females with large cubs had the highest overall food intake. Cheetahs, especially males, were often active at night, and competition with other large carnivores, both by exploitation and interference, was slight. Although predation on small cubs was severe, cub survival to adolescence was six times higher than in the Serengeti. There was no difference in reproductive success between single and coalition males. The conservation priority for cheetahs should be to maintain protected areas over a spectrum of landscapes to allow ecological processes, of which the cheetah is an integral part, to proceed unhindered.

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Mammalian Prey Selection by a Captive Bobcat

The Southwestern Naturalist ◽

10.2307/3672098 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Thomas R. Stephenson

Keyword(s):

Prey Selection

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Active prey selection in developing larvae of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in spawning grounds of the Gulf of Mexico

Journal of Plankton Research ◽

10.1093/plankt/fbab020 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Akihiro Shiroza ◽

Estrella Malca ◽

John T Lamkin ◽

Trika Gerard ◽

Michael R Landry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gulf Of Mexico ◽

Prey Selection ◽

Bluefin Tuna ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Physical Factors ◽

Larval Rearing ◽

Thunnus Thynnus ◽

Small Copepod ◽

Atlantic Bluefin Tuna ◽

Larval Stages

Abstract Bluefin tuna spawn in restricted areas of subtropical oligotrophic seas. Here, we investigate the zooplankton prey and feeding selectivity of early larval stages of Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT, Thunnus thynnus) in larval rearing habitat of the Gulf of Mexico. Larvae and zooplankton were collected during two multi-day Lagrangian experiments during peak spawning in May 2017 and 2018. Larvae were categorized by flexion stage and standard length. We identified, enumerated and sized zooplankton from larval gut contents and in the ambient community. Ciliates were quantitatively important (up to 9%) in carbon-based diets of early larvae. As larvae grew, diet composition and prey selection shifted from small copepod nauplii and calanoid copepodites to larger podonid cladocerans, which accounted for up to 70% of ingested carbon. Even when cladoceran abundances were <0.2 m−3, they comprised 23% of postflexion stage diet. Feeding behaviors of larvae at different development stages were more specialized, and prey selection narrowed to appendicularians and primarily cladocerans when these taxa were more abundant. Our findings suggest that ABT larvae have the capacity to switch from passive selection, regulated by physical factors, to active selection of presumably energetically optimal prey.

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