Moving out of the Archaic on the Edge of the Southwest

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Whalen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Mobility Pattern ◽  
Agricultural Adaptation ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Desert Southwest ◽  
Provisioning Strategies ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Mogollon Region

The transition from mobile foragers to sedentary farmers was not made to the same degree all over the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. The deserts of the Jornada Mogollon region illustrate the persistence of some aspects of mobile adaptations through the first millennium A.D., as both Jornada Archaic peoples and their ceramic-using successors made use of a seasonal mobility pattern to cope with the region's arid conditions. Use of winter base camps and mobility during the rest of the year are apparent in both cases, but important differences can also be detected. This study combines old and new data to show how the two adaptations differed in the extent to which winter camps were used, in type and intensity of winter provisioning strategies, and in patterns of community organization. All these changes are argued to be logical precursors to the short-lived agricultural adaptation that appeared in the area after A.D. 1100. Moreover, such adaptations may characterize a large portion of the desert Southwest and northern Mexico.

“The Greatest Nation on Earth”

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K.M. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Manifest Destiny ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Texas Revolution

Between 1820 and 1827 approximately 1,800 U.S. citizens immigrated to northern Mexico as part of that country’s empresario program, in which the federal government granted foreigners land if they promised to develop and secure the region. Historians have long argued that these settlers, traditionally seen as the vanguard of Manifest Destiny, were attracted to Mexico for its cheap land and rich natural resources. Such interpretations have lent a tone of inevitability to events like the Texas Revolution. This article argues that the early members of these groups were attracted to Mexico for chiefly political reasons. At a time when the United States appeared to be turning away from its commitment to a weak federal government, Mexico was establishing itself on a constitution that insured local sovereignty and autonomy. Thus, the Texas Revolution was far from the result of two irreconcilable peoples and cultures. Moreover, the role that these settlers played in the United States’ acquisition of not just Texas, but ultimately half of Mexico’s national territory, was more paradoxical than inevitable.

Molecular characterization ofNeoechinorhynchus cylindratusVan Cleave, 1913 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae), a parasite of the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in northern Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. García-Varela ◽  
C.D. Pinacho-Pinacho
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Northern Mexico

AbstractMembers of the genusNeoechinorhynchusStiles & Hassall, 1905 are endoparasites of freshwater fishes, brackish water fishes, and freshwater turtles distributed worldwide. In North America, 33 species have been described. One of the most widely distributed species in the eastern United States and Canada isNeoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) cylindratus,a common acanthocephalan that infects centrarchid fishes. In the current study, adult specimens ofN. (N) cylindratuswere collected from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) from the Purificación River in northern Mexico. In the same freshwater system, two additional congeneric species (Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) emyditoidesandNeoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) panucensis) were collected and analysed. Sequences of the large subunit, internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2, 5.8S from nuclear DNA, and sequences of the cytochromecoxidase subunit I (cox1) from mitochondrial DNA were generated and aligned with other sequences obtained from GenBank. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses inferred for each dataset showed thatN. (N) panucensis,N. (N) emyditoidesandN. (N) cylindratuswere nested within several clades, indicating that these species do not share a common ancestor. Our phylogenies also revealed that the genusNeoechinorhynchusis paraphyletic, requiring further taxonomic revision using phylogenetic systematics and re-examination of morphological and ecological data. The presence of severalN. (N) cylindratusadults in northern Mexico allowed us to typify this species for the first time using a combination of morphological and molecular characteristics. The current record shows a wide distribution range ofN. (N) cylindratusacross Canada, the United States and Mexico in the Nearctic region.

scholarly journals New distribution records for amphibians and reptiles in eastern Chihuahua, Mexico

Check List ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Tomas Hernandez ◽  
Mark W. Herr ◽  
Skyler Stevens ◽  
Karlee Cork ◽  
Carolina Medina-Nava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Southwestern United States ◽  
High Quality ◽  
East Central ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Distributional Information ◽  
New Distribution

Distributions of amphibian and reptile species in northern Mexico are poorly understood when compared to adjacent areas of the southwestern United States. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a series of surveys in east-central Chihuahua, Mexico in 2014–2016. We documented 40 new municipality records for amphibian and reptile species by means of high quality digital photos. Photographic surveys offer a low-cost, highly accessible technique for accumulating distributional information.

Desert Traffic: The Dynamics of the Drug Trade in Northwestern Mexico

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Perramond
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Drug Industry ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Northwestern Mexico

The semiarid expanses of northern Mexico have long been a haven for drug trafficking and shipment into the southwestern United States. During the past 3 decades, a more specialized and dedicated drug industry has used the long U.S.-Mexican border to move illicit narcotics. Northern Mexico is not a heavily indigenous zone, and yet some native populations have been adversely affected by this recent industry, and not just a few have taken a role in it. Two states in northern Mexico that still have indigenous peoples are Sonora and Chihuahua. Both of these semiarid states are more sparsely populated than the rest of Mexico, yet both share a long, expansive border with the United States. Thus, neither state has escaped the activities of the drug industry, and some of the major drug cartels are located in this region (figure 8.1), the largest in urban areas such as Ciudad Juarez in the state of Chihuahua and Culiacán in the state of Sinaloa. Although these urban areas are the economic and logistical centers of two large cartels, an aspect frequently ignored in the literature, and certainly in policy circles, is the variety of scales of production in this industry. Aside from these giant cartels, drug cultivation, production, and transportation are also common at lesser scales, and the difficulties and dangers associated with drug production and trafficking extend to these small farmers. Small plots of marijuana (Cannabis sativa) and poppies (Papaver somniferum) dot the northern Mexican landscape, especially in the foothills and high peaks of the Sierra Madre. Most of the poppy production lies further south, in the states of Michoacan, Guerrero, and Oaxaca. Marijuana (Cannabis) is by far the more common of the two illicit crops grown in Mexico, partly because of its longer history of cultivation in the country’s mountainous regions and partly because of its greater ease of integration into agriculture. Poppy fields are a lot harder to hide, both from neighbors and from more interested authorities. Marijuana is also more easily intercropped with more common agricultural crops. Intercropping is the practice of growing two or more crops in the same field or parcel of land, and it is common when farmers need to maximize total output per unit of area (Wilken 1987: 248). I have seen marijuana integrated with corn, bean, squash, sunflower, and tomato plants.

scholarly journals Coilopoceras inflatum Cobban and Hook, 1980, a United States Western Interior ammonite from the Upper Turonian of the southern Corbières, Aude, France

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Patrice Melchior ◽  
Michel Bilotte ◽  
William J. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Oceanic Circulation ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Pacific Species

Abstract A newly discovered ammonite faunule from the Padern region of the southern Corbières in southern France includes representatives of typical northwest European Upper Turonian species Subprionocyclus cf. neptuni (Geinitz, 1850) and Lewesiceras cf. woodi Wright 1979, tethyan/ northwestern Pacific species Phyllopachyceras cf. ezoense (Yokoyama, 1890), Anagaudryceras involvulum (Stoliczka, 1865) and, Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella) sp., together with Coilopoceras inflatum Cobban and Hook, 1980, a species previously known only from New Mexico in the United States, where it is regarded as Middle Turonian. The faunule occurs above one with Romaniceras (R.) mexicanum Jones, 1938 and Coilopoceras springeri Hyatt, 1903, also originally described from New Mexico and northern Mexico, and recently described from the Uchaux massif in Vaucluse in southern France. The records suggest that the base of the Upper Turonian may be drawn at different, higher level in the United States Western Interior than in Europe. The coming together of these mixed faunal elements may be a result of high sea levels, and changing oceanic circulation patterns.

New species and records of Liposcelis Motschulsky (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) from Hawaii with first description of the male of Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1766 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD L. MOCKFORD ◽  
PAUL D. KRUSHELNYCKY
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Woody Vegetation ◽  
Small Species ◽  
Southwestern United States ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
The Third ◽  
Liposcelis Bostrychophila ◽  
Group Ii

Sampling of arthropods in ground and woody vegetation habitats in highland areas on the islands of Hawaii and Maui revealed six species of psocids of the genus Liposcelis. Three are new and are here described. L. maunakea sp. n. and L. volcanorum sp. n. are closely related and form a small species complex together with L. nasus Sommerman and L. deltachi Sommerman from southwestern United States and northern Mexico. A key to the species of this complex is included. The third new species, L. kipukae sp. n., is a member of group II-C with only 5 ommatidia in the eye. A key to the known species of group II-C with fewer than 7 ommatidia in the eye is included. First Hawaiian records are presented for L. bostrychophila Badonnel, L. deltachi, and L. rufa Broadhead. The first known males of L. bostrychophila are reported and described. This species is very widespread, but generally parthenogenetic.

scholarly journals Seasonal Precipitation Influences Streamflow Vulnerability to the 2015 Drought in the Western United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1261-1274
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Konrad
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Order Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Desert Southwest ◽  
Normative Models

Abstract Streamflow was exceptionally low in the spring and summer of 2015 across much of the western United States because of a regional drought that exploited the sensitivity of both snow- and rain-dominant rivers. Streamflow during 2015 was examined at 324 gauges in the region to assess its response to the amount, form, and seasonal timing of precipitation and the viability of using spatially aggregated, normative models to assess streamflow vulnerability to drought. Seasonal rain and spring snowmelt had the strongest effects on runoff during the same season, but their effects persisted into subsequent seasons as well. Below-normal runoff in the spring of 2015 was pervasive across the region, while distinct seasonal responses were evident in different hydroclimatic settings: January–March (winter) runoff was above normal in most snow-dominant rivers and runoff in all seasons was above normal for much of the desert Southwest. Summer precipitation contributed to summer runoff in both the Pacific Northwest and desert Southwest. A first-order model that presumes runoff is a constant fraction of precipitation (the precipitation elasticity of runoff, E = 1) could be used for assessing and forecasting runoff responses to precipitation deficits across the region, but runoff generally is more vulnerable to drought (E > 1) than predicted by a first-order model. Uncertainty in spring and summer precipitation forecasts remain critical issues for forecasting and predicting summer streamflow vulnerability to drought across much of the western United States.

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