Intercluster Lithic Patterning at Nobles Pond: A Case for “Disembedded” Procurement among Early Paleoindian Societies

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark F. Seeman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
Lithic Raw Materials ◽  
Debitage Analysis

This study examines the relation between raw-material procurement and subsistence behavior among foraging societies. “Embedded procurement” of raw materials may characterize many or most modern foraging societies (Binford 1979). Past societies, however, present economic configurations different than those of any contemporary society. The Early Paleoindian societies of North America present extreme examples in this regard, and were characterized by high mobility, low population density, and high weapon reliability. A lithic-debitage analysis of a portion of the Nobles Pond site (33ST357) supports the argument that the acquisition of lithic raw materials was not embedded in subsistence behavior, but rather, was a specialized activity required by the particular demands of band aggregation in a location far removed from sources of acceptable lithic materials.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERENCANAAN BAHAN BAKU DI UD. AA DENGAN MENERAPKAN METODE MATERIAL REQUIREMENT PLANNING (MRP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Rudi Abdika Saputra ◽  
Inna Kholidasari ◽  
Susanti Sundari ◽  
Lestari Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Lot Sizing ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Schedule ◽  
Material Requirements Planning ◽  
Forecasting Method ◽  
Material Requirement Planning ◽  
Material Requirement ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
Master Production Schedule

This study discusses the application of the material requirements planning (MRP) method in the planning of raw materials in a furniture company. The purpose of this research is to know the planning of raw materials for furniture products in UD. AA, determine the most suitable inventory model to be applied to material inventory planning and analyze the role of the MRP system in raw material procurement planning. The forecasting method used is the quantitative method of time series analysis, determining the master production schedule, calculating lot sizing (LFL, EOQ, POQ methods). From determining the Master Production Schedule, it is found that the cabinet production plan for the next three months is 4 units per period or week, and based on the calculation of Material Requirement Planning (MRP) it can be seen what components are needed for the manufacture of cabinets, how many and when each component is required. Therefore it is obtained that the total raw material requirement for wood for the next three months is 11.34 m³.

scholarly journals Turonian flint economy in the easternmost Magdalenian: new data from Stare Baraki, site 1 (eastern Poland)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Wiśniewski ◽  
Maciej T. Krajcarz ◽  
Karol Standzikowski
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The West ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Lithic Raw Materials ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

AbstractMagdalenian communities exploited mostly local and regional good-quality lithic raw materials. In south-eastern Poland, being the easternmost fringe of the Magdalenian range, Turonian grey flint had a particular importance. Outcrops of this raw material occur both at the west and at the east sides the Vistula River Gorge. The varieties from the eastern area (called here “eastern Turonian flint” or ETF) are common among inventories of the Magdalenian sites situated to west of the Vistula river. This fact points toward the frequent penetration of the ETF outcrop area by those societies. However, no Magdalenian sites were known directly from the ETF deposit area, and this gap in knowledge restricted further understanding of the character and diversity of Magdalenian activity there. Therefore, in this paper, we present the results of searching for Magdalenian sites within the ETF outcrop zone. Applied methodology included study of the archive archaeological materials, followed by detail survey and excavation of the selected site—Stare Baraki 1. This site documents a short stay or multiple stays of Magdalenian people, who were focused on Turonian flint knapping. Lithic inventory records collecting of several local flint varieties at the distance up to around 20 km from the site, followed by almost all stages of flint working. The material from Stare Baraki is the first known and currently the only trace of the Magdalenian people inside the zone of Turonian flint deposits on the right bank of the Vistula river. The study in Stare Baraki delivered new data for the reconstruction of territory exploitation strategies used in the easternmost Magdalenian.

Differential Raw Material Use in the Middle Pleistocene of Spain: Evidence from Sierra de Atapuerca, Torralba, Ambrona and Aridos

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Mosquera Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Lithic Assemblages ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
The Way

This article reviews the evidence for planning behaviour in Middle Pleistocene hominids. It documents the way in which raw material procurement and tool production were structured during the Middle Pleistocene occupations of the Spanish sites of Sierra de Atapuerca, Torralba, Ambrona and Aridos. Differences in the use of raw materials for different kinds of tool or end-product allow inferences to be drawn about pre-Neanderthal intentionality and cognitive ability. The overall pattern of technological behaviour demonstrated by this study is far removed from the purely ‘opportunistic’ and can reasonably be described as involving both forethought and planning. The work is presented from a techno-economic perspective based on the differential use of raw material types present in the lithic assemblages of these sites, and the proximity of sources of these raw materials in the surrounding landscape.

Raw-Material Availability and the Organization of Technology

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Andrefsky
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Stone Tool ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Formal Tool ◽  
Lithic Raw Materials ◽  
Tool Types

Ethnographic examples of stone-tool makers in Australia and archaeological examples from three different areas in the western United States indicate that the availability of lithic raw materials is an important variable conditioning stone-tool production technology. Attributes of availability such as abundance and quality of lithic raw materials condition the production of formal- vs. informal-tool types. Poor-quality raw materials tend to be manufactured into informal-tool designs. High-quality lithic raw materials tend to be manufactured into formal-tool designs when such materials occur in low abundance. When high-quality materials occur in great abundance both formal- and informal-tool designs are manufactured. Other factors, such as residential mobility or sedentism, are found to be less-important determinates of lithic-production technology.

scholarly journals Characterizing the pigments and paints of prehistoric artists

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Domingo ◽  
Annalisa Chieli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Critical Overview

AbstractThis paper offers a broad and critical overview of current discussions on the potential uses and the characterization of pigments in prehistory, with a special focus on prehistoric rock art. Today, analytical approaches to pigments and paints allow us to go beyond the identification of the elemental and molecular composition of these archaeological remains, to explore also raw material procurement, transformation and use strategies of interest to investigate the technological and socio-cultural practices of prehistoric artists and their change over space and time. The paper also summarizes the palette of prehistoric artists, as well as the techniques and analytical strategies used to date to characterize prehistoric pigments and paints (colours, raw materials, binders and recipes) used in prehistoric rock art.

scholarly journals KERAGAAN AGROINDUSTRI KERIPIK SINGKONG DI KECAMATAN GEDONG TATAAN KABUPATEN PESAWARAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Lea Ayu Utari ◽  
Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi ◽  
Ktut Murniati
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Material Procurement

The purposes of this research were to analyze the performance of cassava chips agroindustry reviewed from procurement of raw materials, labor productivity, production capacity, product quality, delivery speed, flexibility, and added value and income.  The research used was a survey method.   Research data collection was carried out in March 2019 in Gedong Tataan Subdistrict with the consideration that agro-industries were actively producing continuously and had the potency to be developed.  The research locations were in three villages of cassava chips agro-industry centers, namely Karang Anyar Village, Bagelen Village, and Sungai Langka Village.  Respondents were 14 cassava chips agro-industries.  Raw material procurement, product quality, delivery speed, and flexibility were analyzed qualitatively descriptively.  Productivity, production capacity, and income were analyzed quantitatively.  Added value is analyzed using the Hayami method.  The results showed that the procurement of raw cassava chips was correct in the type and quantity, while it was not correct in place.  The average of productivity per month was 41.65 kg / HOK and the average of production capacity per month was 79%.  Product quality and delivery speed were good enough, and flexibility was not optimal.  The agroindustry had a positive added value, profit with R/C>1, and the average of income per month of IDR 7,613,146.29.Key words: agroindustry, cassava chips, performance

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF XANTHONE SUM IN TERMS OF MANGIFERIN IN AERIAN ORGANS OF SPECIES OF GENUS HEDYSARUM L. BY UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

2020 ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Dzhavgarat Ruslanovna Imachuyeva ◽  
Fatima Kazbekovna Serebryanaya ◽  
Ifrat Nazimovich Zilfikarov
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Study Species

Preparing of the antiviral and antibacterial medicinal plants is a promising task of native pharmacy. In this regard, it is interesting to study species of the genus penny, namely Hedysarum caucasicum M.Bieb., Hedysarum grandiflorum Pall., Hedysarum daghestanicum Rupr. ex. Boiss., the regions of distribution, chemical composition and known pharmacological properties will allow to justify directions of their rational use, as well as creation of new phytopreparations of antiviral action on the basis of medicinal raw materials. During the complex pharmacognostic studies of three species of Hedysarum L. we have developed the method for isolation and quantitative determination of the sum of xanthones in terms of mangiferin by UV spectrophotometry. The technique takes into account the basic physical and chemical properties of xanthones, is characterized by reproducibility, high accuracy, simplicity of implementation, allows to carry out both screening evaluation of various raw objects containing mangiferin derivatives, as well as standardization of the prepared medicinal plant raw material of the penny. The developed methods are tested on the aerian organs of Hedysarum L. species, collected and dried taking into account the rules and requirements of drug raw material procurement. As a result, Hedysarum caucasicum M.Bieb herb (0.624%) was found to be the highest quantitative amount of xanthone sum in terms of mangiferin. The obtained results show the prospect of further research of the aerian part of the Hedysarum caucasicum M.Bieb. as an additional source of mangiferin. The method of quantitative determination of xanthone sum in the list for mangiferin in the above-ground part of Hedysarum caucasicum M.Bieb; Based on the obtained data, it has been found that the proposed technique is highly sensitive, reproducible and usable.

scholarly journals Sportswear: Acumen of Raw Materials, Designing, Innovative and Sustainable Concepts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamini Jhanji
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Technical Textiles ◽  
Optimum Selection ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
Selection Of

Sportswear constitutes an integral part of technical textiles and encases great potential as far as technological and design innovations are concerned. The sports textiles have witnessed tremendous evolution and that too at a much faster pace compared to ready to wear segment. The sports clothing is no longer restricted to sportsperson involved in performance sports or strenuous physical activities. However, there has been a surge for sports apparels and accessories among health conscious, fitness freak and gym enthusiasts. Accordingly, the sportswear industry has witnessed revolutionary advancements in development of different sportswear categories like active wear, leisurewear and athleisure to fulfill the requirements of sportsperson as well as health conscious millennials. The basic and functional requirements of comfort, breathability, light weight, anti-static and anti-odor properties can be engineered into sportswear by optimum selection of fibers, yarns, fabrics and garments’ designing aspects. The chapter will provide an insight on the classification, requirements, design aspects, raw material procurement, innovative and sustainable concepts employed in sportswear to enhance the functionality and comfort characteristics of sportswear. Furthermore, the role of technology and fashion in sportswear transformation is also covered in the last sections of the chapter.

scholarly journals Fibrous Sepiolite Use As An Asbestos Substitute: Analytical Basics

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Solebello
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
End User ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
Fibrous Mineral ◽  
Selection Of

Open trade policies have influenced trends in global economic growth. Though difficult to account for all of the effects of this trend, a higher standard of living for previously distressed workers is measurable. This is in part due to acess to previously unavailable technologies. The effects of global economic growth extend further. In many countries, consumers enjoy unparalleled selection of high quality, low cost goods. The environmental impact of global growth is being studied in many ways. One area of study involves analysis and monitoring of product raw materials that many times are not in compliance with environmental regulations of the end user country. Raw material procurement and formulation by manufacturers presents a challenge to the environmental microscopist on several levels. The industrial use of sepiolite and some light microscopy basics of sepiolite is discussed here. Subsequent papers will explore this issue in greater detail as it relates to fibrous mineral analytical choices and techniques available to the environmental microscopist.

scholarly journals KERAGAAN AGROINDUSTRI BACANG AYAM EL SHADDAI FOOD MELALUI PEMASARAN KONVENSIONAL DAN ONLINE DI KECAMATAN PENJARINGAN, KOTA JAKARTA UTARA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Evelyn Faviana ◽  
Dyah Aring Hepiana Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Standard Cost ◽  
Cost Distribution ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Marketing Margins

This study aims to analyze the raw materials procurement based on six right components, standard cost, distribution channels, marketing margins, and the role of supporting services.  This research uses a case study method at El Shaddai Food Agroindustry, Penjaringan District, North Jakarta City.  The research data were collected in December 2019 to February 2020 and the data analyses method used were qualitative and quantitative descriptive analyses.  The results showed that the six components of raw material procurement process had been done precisely.  The standard cost of chicken bacang was less than the selling price so the business was profitable and the marketing channels consisted of two channels.  Support services that have been utilized to the fullest were market and transportation.Key words: agroindustry, bacang, marketing, online, performance

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