Surface Collection, Sampling, and Research Design: A Retrospective

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Redman
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Minimal Data ◽  
Data Requirements ◽  
Positive Results

Probability sampling, controlled surface collecting, and explicit research designs are standard working procedures for a large portion of the archaeological profession. The need for adopting these approaches and their utility in the field have been persuasively argued in the literature for 20 years. Despite their agreed-upon utility, these approaches are often poorly understood. Field strategies of four projects and their rationales are presented to provide examples of specific approaches that have had positive results. Based on these case studies and a review of the literature, I propose six basic principles as guides to the formulation of future field strategies. The researcher must define interpretive objectives, specify minimal data requirements, understand the problems of data recognition, structure the flow of research and evaluation, choose appropriate tools for each stage of research, and maintain cost effectiveness.

A Consideration of Archaeological Research Design

1964 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis R. Binford
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Cultural Processes

AbstractIt is argued that the methodology most appropriate for the task of isolating and studying processes of cultural change and evolution is one which is regional in scope and executed with the aid of research designs based on the principles of probability sampling. The various types of observational populations which archaeologists must study are discussed, together with an evaluation of the methodological differences attendant upon adequate and reliable investigation of each. Two basic sampling universes are discussed, the region and the site, together with their methodological and research-design peculiarities. These are used as a basis for discussion and past and current research programs are evaluated in terms of what are believed to be major limitations in obtaining the "facts" pertinent to studies of cultural processes.

6. Research Design

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Halperin ◽  
Oliver Heath
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Voluntary Participation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Different Types

This chapter focuses on the basic principles of research design. It first considers different types of research design, including experimental designs, cross-sectional and longitudinal designs, comparative designs, and historical research designs. It also discusses two types of research validity: internal validity and external validity. The chapter proceeds by describing various methods of data collection and the sort of data or evidence each provides, including questionnaires and surveys, interviewing and focus groups, ethnographic research, and discourse/content analysis. Finally, it examines six issues that must be taken into account to ensure ethical research: voluntary participation, informed consent, privacy, harm, exploitation, and consequences for future research.

The Importance of Qualitative Methods in Mixed Methods Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 282-306
Author(s):  
Jacquelynne A. Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Research Designs

This chapter presents a thorough review of the literature dedicated to learning more about mixed methods research design. Explanatory sequential mixed methods studies and exploratory sequential mixed methods studies are the two types of mixed methods research design models that this chapter presents in detail. To contextualize different ideas related to research design, the author provides examples of research studies that exemplify different research designs falling within mixed methods. The main objective of this chapter is to highlight the important role that qualitative research design plays in mixed methods research. Such a presentation of the literature aims to argue that qualitative data substantiates quantitative data as a means to heighten the regard which the qualitative methodology receives.

6. Research Design

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-185
Author(s):  
Sandra Halperin ◽  
Oliver Heath
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Research Designs

This chapter focuses on the basic principles of research design. It first considers different types of research design, including experimental designs, cross-sectional and longitudinal designs, comparative designs, and historical research designs. It also discusses two types of research validity: internal validity and external validity. The chapter proceeds by describing various methods of data collection and the sort of data or evidence each provides, including questionnaires and surveys, interviewing and focus groups, ethnographic research, and discourse/content analysis. Finally, it examines six issues that must be taken into account to ensure ethical research: voluntary participation, informed consent, privacy, harm, exploitation, and consequences for future research.

The Importance of Qualitative Methods in Mixed Methods Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Jacquelynne Anne Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Research Designs

This article presents a thorough review of the literature dedicated to learning more about mixed methods research design. Explanatory sequential mixed methods studies and exploratory sequential mixed methods studies are the two types of mixed methods research design models that this article presents in detail. To contextualize different ideas related to research design, the author provides examples of research studies that exemplify different research designs falling within mixed methods. The main objective of this article is to highlight the important role that qualitative research design plays in mixed methods research. Such a presentation of the literature aims to argue that qualitative data substantiates quantitative data as a means to heighten the regard to which qualitative methodology receives.

Telepractice for Adult Speech-Language Pathology Services: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 326-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Weidner ◽  
Joneen Lowman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Delivery Model ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Screening Assessment

Purpose We conducted a systematic review of the literature regarding adult telepractice services (screening, assessment, and treatment) from approximately 2014 to 2019. Method Thirty-one relevant studies were identified from a literature search, assessed for quality, and reported. Results Included studies illustrated feasibility, efficacy, diagnostic accuracy, and noninferiority of various speech-language pathology services across adult populations, including chronic aphasia, Parkinson's disease, dysphagia, and primary progressive aphasia. Technical aspects of the equipment and software used to deliver services were discussed. Some general themes were noted as areas for future research. Conclusion Overall, results of the review continue to support the use of telepractice as an appropriate service delivery model in speech-language pathology for adults. Strong research designs, including experimental control, across multiple well-described settings are still needed to definitively determine effectiveness of telepractice services.

Museum Studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 516-537
Author(s):  
Erica L. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Museum Studies ◽  
Historic Sites ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Data Analyses

This chapter describes and discusses the major qualitative research methods used to study museums. These methods include analyses of visual displays and reconstructions; interviews with museum visitors, professionals, and stakeholders; as well as ethnographic fieldwork in museum settings. The chapter explores how these methods can be adapted to the study of exhibits, galleries, programs, and museums as knowledge-generating institutions from a range of case studies conducted by museum practitioners, anthropologists, historians, and other museum studies scholars at a variety of museums. Case studies are drawn from works that examine ethnographic, natural history, art and community museums as well as historic sites. Approaches to research design, data analyses, and writing up are also examined.

Mitotically active cellular luteinized thecoma of the ovary and luteinized thecomatosis associated with sclerosing peritonitis: Case studies, comparison, and review of the literature

2010 ◽  
Vol 206 (11) ◽  
pp. 744-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Roar Mellembakken ◽  
Vibeke Engh ◽  
Tom Tanbo ◽  
Bernard Czernobilsky ◽  
Evgeny Edelstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Sclerosing Peritonitis
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