Interpretations of Culture Change in the Eastern Woodlands During the Late Woodland Period. Richard W. Yerkes, editor, with contributions by Patrick J. Munson, David P. Braun, Patty Jo Watson, John O'Shea, and Richard Michael Gramly. Occasional Papers in Anthropology No. 3. Department of Anthropology, Ohio State University, Columbus, 1988. 97 pp. $4.50 (paper).

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
David M. Stothers
Keyword(s):  
Culture Change ◽  
Late Woodland ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
State University ◽  
Eastern Woodlands ◽  
Late Woodland Period

The Bow and Arrow in the Eastern Woodlands: Evidence for an Archaic Origin

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Late Woodland ◽  
Archaic Period ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
Eastern Woodlands ◽  
Late Woodland Period ◽  
Bow And Arrow ◽  
Ethnographic Collections

The timing of the introduction of the bow and arrow in the eastern United States has been debated for some time. The bow and arrow have long thought to have been introduced during the Late Woodland period in the eastern United States. An increasing body of evidence, however, suggests that this innovation may have occurred sometime during the Archaic period. Based on data from ethnographic collections, classification functions are developed that allow for archaeological specimens to be classified as dart or arrow points. These classification functions are applied to hafted bifaces from a number of sites in the eastern United States. Based on this evidence, it is argued that 1) the bow and arrow were introduced at least as early as the Late Archaic and 2) the atlatl and bow were probably used in conjunction for some period of time before the bow and arrow became the predominant weapon.

Late Woodland Period Settlement Patterns in the Piedmont Uplands of Pennsylvania: The Evidence from 36CH161

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-285
Author(s):  
Paul A. Raber
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Late Woodland ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
Late Woodland Period ◽  
Chester County ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
A Site ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Early Late

Investigations at 36Ch161, a site in the Piedmont Uplands of Chester County, Pennsylvania, have revealed a series of early Late Woodland Period camps associated with the Minguannan Complex. The use of local quartz seems to have been a primary focus of settlement at the site. Quartz, which formed an overwhelming majority of the assemblage, was used in ways that contrast strongly with that of non-local materials like jasper, a minority component of the assemblage obtained from quarries in the Hardyston Formation. The selection of raw materials suggests restrictions on access to certain materials perhaps imposed by territorial constraints. The combined evidence of artifact assemblage and cultural features indicates that 36Ch161 was inhabited seasonally by small, mobile groups of non-horticulturalists, a reconstruction consistent with that of Custer and others regarding the economy of the Minguannan Complex and related cultures of the Piedmont Uplands.

Other-Than-Human Persons, Mishipishu, and Danger in the Late Woodland Inland Waterway Landscape of Northern Michigan

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-366
Author(s):  
Meghan C. L. Howey
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Late Woodland ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Late Woodland Period ◽  
Inland Lakes ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Inland Waterway ◽  
Northern Michigan

Other-than-human persons and the role they play in transforming social, economic, and ideological material realities is an area of expanding interest in archaeology. Although the Anishinaabeg were an early and vital focus of cultural anthropological studies on nonhumans given their significant relationships with other-than-human persons, known to them as manitou, emerging archaeologies advancing this topic are not largely centered on ancestral Anishinaabeg sites and artifacts. This article analyzes a set of nonvessel ceramic artifacts from Late Woodland archaeological sites in the Inland Waterway in northern Michigan, which are interpreted to be ceramic renderings of manitou. I argue that these were manitou-in-clay, vibrant relational entities that are brought into being for and through use in ceremonial perspective practices related to Mishipishu—a complexly powerful, seductive, and dangerous nonhuman being known as the head of all water spirits. I contextualize the making and breaking of Mishipishu manitou-in-clay as acts of petition by hunter-fishers who had been seduced by this manitou in dreams, as they headed out on necessary but high-risk early-spring resource harvesting in the inland lakes of the Inland Waterway. This case advances insights into how relationships with other-than-human persons were coproductive of the world in the northern Great Lakes region during the Late Woodland period.

Over the hills and far away: Middle to Late Woodland archaeology and toolstone conveyance at Hyre Mound (46RD1), West Virginia

2020 ◽  
pp. 019769312097631
Author(s):  
Richard L Rosencrance ◽  
Amy J Hirshman
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Late Woodland ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Late Woodland Period ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Lithic Raw Material

The archaeology of the eastern West Virginia uplands remains significantly understudied compared to other areas of the Appalachian Plateau. Bettye Broyles’ excavations at the Hyre Mound site (46RD1) in 1963 recovered a variety of artifacts within and directly adjacent to a burial mound but the excavations remain largely unpublished. We provide a report of Broyles’ excavations, new radiocarbon dates, and an analysis of the lithic raw material frequencies at the site. Material culture and ceremonial practices suggest the initial mound construction dates to the Middle Woodland period. Radiocarbon dating of cultural features confirms that people also used the locality during the Late Woodland period. Lithic raw material frequencies indicate a preference for non-local, Hillsdale chert found ∼100 km from the site throughout both time periods. The directionality of toolstone conveyance supports existing models that emphasize the quality and location of raw material sources and the orientation of the region’s physiography.

Evidence for Stepped Pyramids of Shell in the Woodland Period of Eastern North America

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Pluckhahn ◽  
Victor D. Thompson ◽  
W. Jack Rink
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Late Woodland ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Late Woodland Period ◽  
Mississippian Period

AbstractAntiquarians of the nineteenth century referred to the largest monumental constructions in eastern North America as pyramids, but this usage faded among archaeologists by the mid-twentieth century. Pauketat (2007) has reintroduced the term pyramid to describe the larger, Mississippian-period (A.D. 1050 to 1550) mounds of the interior of the continent, recognizing recent studies that demonstrate the complexity of their construction. Such recognition is lacking for earlier mounds and for those constructed of shell. We describe the recent identification of stepped pyramids of shell from the Roberts Island Complex, located on the central Gulf Coast of Florida and dating to the terminal Late Woodland period, A.D. 800 to 1050, thus recognizing the sophistication of monument construction in an earlier time frame, using a different construction material, and taking an alternative form.

New Centers Emerge (Phase 4)

2018 ◽  
pp. 168-193
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Pluckhahn ◽  
Victor D. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Late Woodland ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Corporate Groups ◽  
Late Woodland Period ◽  
Mississippian Period ◽  
Isotopic Studies ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
Crystal River ◽  
Small Platform

Phase 4, the final phase of occupation at Crystal River and Roberts Island, started sometime between around AD 780 and 870 and ended between 900 and 980, spanning the transition between the Late Woodland period and Mississippian period, and the beginning of the Medieval Warm period. Occupation at the former site waned during this interval, while Roberts Island emerged as a major ceremonial center that included three small platform mounds tightly clustered around a small plaza. The pattern is reminiscent of earlier spatial layouts at Crystal River, but other features--such as linear ridges of shell and a water court--suggest greater influence from the Caloosahatchee tradition to the south. Isotopic studies of oyster shells from Roberts Island display less variability in habitat relative to those from earlier contexts, perhaps consistent with ownership of particular resource locations. Possibly, larger corporate groups (such as matrilineages) began working cooperatively to target specific resource locales that they owned and managed for themselves, to the exclusion of other such groups.

Shifting priorities apparent in Middle and Late Woodland ceramics from Nova Scotia

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora A Woolsey
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Late Woodland ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Ceramic Assemblage ◽  
Late Woodland Period

In the Maine–Maritimes Region, the Late Woodland (1350–500 BP) Period is thought to have been accompanied by a decrease in ceramic quality because of less-skilled potters. Although ceramics made during the Late Woodland tend to physically degrade easier than earlier ceramics because of coarser pastes and less well-joined coils, the reasons for the change in manufacturing practices have not been explored. Using the ceramic assemblage from the Gaspereau Lake Reservoir Site Complex in King’s County, Nova Scotia, Canada, this study used simple statistical techniques to suggest that potters increasingly used more expedient manufacture through time. These practices would have enabled potters to turn out pots under tighter deadlines to support large-scale gatherings that probably became more prevalent during the Late Woodland Period.

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