Early Archaic Settlement in the Southeastern United States: A Case Study from the Savannah River Valley

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Anderson ◽  
Glen T. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Savannah River ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Early Archaic ◽  
Resource Needs ◽  
Lewis Site

Surveys and excavations conducted within the Savannah River watershed in recent years have yielded a wealth of information about organization and adaptive strategies of Early Archaic populations, both within the drainage and across the region. Specifically, excavations at Rucker's Bottom (9EB91) and the G. S. Lewis site (38AK228) have yielded large, complementary assemblages indicating watershed-extensive adaptation employing a mixed collector-forager strategy. Comparative analyses with assemblages from the surrounding region document an extensive use of expedient technologies, instead of the more formalized technologies thought to characterize the period. Analyses of local and regional resource structure, theoretical arguments about biocultural needs of hunter-gatherer populations, and evidence from the archaeological record, suggest that large drainage systems served subsistence/resource needs, while biocultural interaction (i.e., information and mating networks) operated both along and across watershed boundaries. A model of Early Archaic settlement is proposed, based on band/macroband mobility and interaction, that is thought to partially account for the variation from this period found on the South Atlantic Slope.

Archaic Shell Mounds in the American Southeast

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Saunders
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Savannah River ◽  
The Past ◽  
Island Area ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Shell Mounds ◽  
The Future ◽  
American Southeast ◽  
Shell Rings

Freshwater and estuarine shellfish began to be exploited in the southeastern United States between 9000 and 7000 b.p. Shortly thereafter, shell mounds appeared in the mid-South Shell Mound Archaic, along the St. Johns River in peninsular Florida, and, somewhat later, in the Stallings Island area along the middle Savannah River. On the lower Atlantic and Gulf Coasts, shell rings arose. Until recently, all these mounds were considered middens—the accumulations of the remains of simple meals of mobile peoples who visited the same areas for hundreds or thousands of years. More recent scholarship indicates that these mounds were deliberate constructions—some of the first sculpted landscapes created by Archaic peoples to memorialize the past, celebrate the present, and provide for the future. In this chapter, recent research on shell sites in these four areas is discussed. The emphasis is on changing perspectives about the peoples who built them.

scholarly journals Woody bioenergy crop selection can have large effects on water yield: A southeastern United States case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.V. Caldwell ◽  
C.R. Jackson ◽  
C.F. Miniat ◽  
S.E. Younger ◽  
J.A. Vining ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Bioenergy Crop ◽  
Crop Selection

Undocumented beetle diversity in the Southeastern United States: a case study of the minute clubbed beetles (Coleoptera: Monotomidae) 

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4472 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS C. MCELRATH ◽  
JOSEPH V. MCHUGH
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Usa ◽  
Plant Matter ◽  
The Family

Studies of the saproxylic and predatory beetle family Monotomidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea) in the southeastern USA increased the known diversity for the family in the state of Georgia by one genus and nine species. Online records of Monotomidae from Georgia increased from 0 to 885. This work highlights the lack of basic diversity information about small beetles that inhabit wood, leaf litter, and other decaying plant matter in this region. 

Testing for Mississippian Period Turkey Management in the Archaeological Record of the Southeastern United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Erin Kennedy Thornton ◽  
Tanya Peres ◽  
Kelly Ledford Chase ◽  
Brian M. Kemp ◽  
Ryan Frome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Meleagris Gallopavo ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Mississippian Period ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
Combined Data

People living in Mesoamerica and what is now the eastern and southwestern United States used turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) as sources of meat, eggs, bones, and feathers. Turkey husbandry and domestication are confirmed in two of these regions (Mesoamerica and the American Southwest), but human-turkey interactions in Eastern North American (eastern United States and Canada) are not fully explored. We apply stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N) and ancient mitochondrial DNA analyses to archaeofaunal samples from seven sites in the southeastern United States to test whether turkeys were managed or captively reared. These combined data do not support prolonged or intensive captive rearing of turkeys, and evidence for less intensive management is ambiguous. More research is warranted to determine whether people managed turkeys in these areas, and whether this is generalizable. Determining whether turkeys were managed or reared in the southeastern United States helps define cultural and environmental factors related to turkey management or husbandry throughout North America. This inquiry contributes to discussion of the roles of intensified human-animal interactions in animal domestication.

Biface Reduction and the Measurement of Dalton Curation: A Southeastern United States Case Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Shott ◽  
Jesse A. M. Ballenger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Central Tendency ◽  
Mathematical Functions ◽  
Reduction Measure ◽  
Complex Variation ◽  
Categorical State

Stone tools were reduced during use, with implications both for classification and curation rates. Ballenger's “expended utility” (EU) is a continuous reduction measure devised for Dalton bifaces, described by its mean but also its distribution among specimens. We validate EU as a reduction measure by reference to experimental and contextual controls. We compare EU between the “special context” Dalton assemblages Sloan and Hawkins in Arkansas and Ballenger's eastern Oklahoma “occupation context” ones. Then we fit EU distributions to mathematical functions to model the curation process. Results show that Oklahoma bifaces were better curated than Arkansas ones. Fitting distributions to the Gompertz-Makeham model efficiently describes distributions' shape and scale, which are as important to know as central tendency. Curation is not a categorical state but a continuous variable whose complex variation implicates complex causes.

Regional ozone and urban plumes in the southeastern United States: Birmingham, A case study

1995 ◽  
Vol 100 (D9) ◽  
pp. 18823 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Trainer ◽  
B. A. Ridley ◽  
M. P. Buhr ◽  
G. Kok ◽  
J. Walega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Urban Plumes

Climate downscaling effects on predictive ecological models: a case study for threatened and endangered vertebrates in the southeastern United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (S1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N. Bucklin ◽  
James I. Watling ◽  
Carolina Speroterra ◽  
Laura A. Brandt ◽  
Frank J. Mazzotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Ecological Models ◽  
Climate Downscaling
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