The People of Buena Ventura: Relocation of Slum Dwellers in Post-Revolutionary Cuba.

Man ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
James Loucky ◽  
Douglas S. Butterworth
Keyword(s):  
The People ◽  
Slum Dwellers

scholarly journals Eco-Environmental Aspects of COVID-19 Pandemic and Potential Control Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3488
Author(s):  
Rashid Nazir ◽  
Jawad Ali ◽  
Ijaz Rasul ◽  
Emilie Widemann ◽  
Sarfraz Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Health Infrastructure ◽  
The People ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Hospital Wastes ◽  
Future Outbreak

A new coronavirus-strain from a zoonotic reservoir (probably bat)—termed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)—has recently claimed more than two million deaths worldwide. Consequently, a burst of scientific reports on epidemiology, symptoms, and diagnosis came out. However, a comprehensive understanding of eco-environmental aspects that may contribute to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread is still missing, and we therefore aim to focus here on these aspects. In addition to human–human direct SARS-CoV-2 transmission, eco-environmental sources, such as air aerosols, different public use objects, hospital wastes, livestock/pet animals, municipal wastes, ventilation facilities, soil and groundwater potentially contribute to SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Further, high temperature and humidity were found to limit the spread of COVID-19. Although the COVID-19 pandemic led to decrease air and noise pollution during the period of lockdown, increased use of masks and gloves is threatening the environment by water and soil pollutions. COVID-19 badly impacted all the socio-economic groups in different capacities, where women, slum dwellers, and the people lacking social protections are the most vulnerable. Finally, sustainable strategies, waste management, biodiversity reclaim, eco-friendly lifestyle, improved health infrastructure and public awareness, were proposed to minimize the COVID-19 impact on our society and environment. These strategies will seemingly be equally effective against any future outbreak.

scholarly journals Stuck in Slums: A Case Study of Slums in Islamabad, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Persis Samuel ◽  
Muhammad Shemyal Nisar
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Reasons For Living ◽  
Religious Perspective ◽  
The People ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Religious Differences

This paper focuses on finding answers to the reasons why people keep living in the slums and why they cannot get out of their precarious conditions. This paper looks into different reasons for people being stuck in slums from a religious perspective. Reasons for different religious groups being stuck in slums are not explored fully in the literature. The analysis draws on qualitative research with a sample of 53 semi-structured interviews conducted in 8 katchi abadis in Islamabad, Pakistan. The study shows that slums are nonhomogenous entities and are regarded as a living organism that provide safety, security, and a sense of belonging to some of the residents. The results revealed that both Christian and Muslim slum residents had different reasons for living in slums. There were not only inter-religious differences in the choice of living but intra religious differences had also been found. In the process, the paper highlights that most Christians lived in slums by choice due to strong social capital, with an exception of a few. On the other hand, Muslim slum residents lived in poverty which was a major reason most of the slum dwellers are stuck in slums. Policymakers should meet the needs of the people before implementing any policies. This is because relocation policies can bring misery to some of the slum dwellers. Finally, the paper demonstrated that slums play a pivotal role in the lives of the slum dwellers in keeping them.

scholarly journals Book Reviews

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 230-278
Author(s):  
Redactie KITLV
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Social History ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Virgin Islands ◽  
Graphic Arts ◽  
Haitian Creole ◽  
The People ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Siglo Xix

-Jean Benoist, Jean-Luc Bonniol, Terre-de-Haut des Saintes: contraintes insulaires et particularisme ethnique dans la Caraïbe. Paris: Editions Caribéennes, 1980. 377 pp.-Drexel G. Woodson, Michel S. Laguerre, The complete Haitiana: a bibliographic guide to the scholarly literature, 1900-1980. Millwood NY and Lodon: Kraus International Publications. 2 vols., lxxiii + 1562 pp.-Mervyn C. Alleyne, Albert Valdman, Haitian Creole - English - French Dictionary. Written with Sara Yoder, Craige Roberts, Yves Joseph et al. Bloomington: Indiana University Creole Institue, 1981. 2 vols.: xx + 582 pp., 142 pp.-John V. Murra, Jacques Carmeleau Antoine, Jean Price-Mars and Haiti. Washington, D.C.: Three Continents Press, 1981. v + 224 pp.-Reginald Butler, Gertrude Fraser, James A. Rawley, The transatlantic slave-trade: a history. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1981. xiv + 452 pp.-A.J.R. Russell-Wood, A.C. de C.M. Saunders, A social history of black slaves and freedmen in Portugal, 1441-1555. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982. xviii + 283 pp.-Frank Spencer, Nancy Stepan, The idea of race in science: Great Britain, 1800-1960. Hamden CT: Archon Books (Shoe String Press), 1982. xxi + 230 pp.-Helen I. Safa, Margaret Randall, Women in Cuba: twenty years later. Photographs by Judy Janda. New York: Smyrna Press, 1981. 167 pp.-Helen I. Safa, Inger Holt-Seeland, Women of Cuba. Photographs by Jorgen Schytte. (Translated from the Spanish by Elizabeth Hamilton Lacoste with Mirtha Quintanales and José Vigo). Westport CT: Lawrence Hill, 1982. 109 pp.-Alex Stepick, Douglas S. Butterworth, The people of Buena Ventura: relocation of slum dwellers in postrevolutionary Cuba. Urbana, Chicago and London: University of Illinois Press, 1980. xxix + 157 pp.-Laird W. Bergad, Fernando Picó, Amargo café: los pequeños y medianos caficultores de Utuado en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Ediciones Huracán, 1981. 162 pp.-John Holm, Jaime Wheelock Roman, La Mosquitia en la Revolución. Centro de Investigación y Estudios de la Reforma Agraria. Managua, Nicaragua: Colección Blas Real Espinales, 1981. 308 pp.-Edward Dew, Henk Boom, Staatsgreep in Suriname: de opstand van de sergeanten op de voet gevolgd. Utrecht/Amsterdam: Veen, Uitgeverij, 1982. 192 pp.-Angela M. Carreño, René Römer, Curacao. San Juan, Puerto Rico: Association of Caribbean Universities and Research Institutes, 1981. 244 pp.-Klaus de Albuquerque, William W. Boyer, Civil liberties in the U.S. Virgin Islands, 1917-1949. St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands: Antilles Graphic Arts, 1982, xi + 184 pp.

scholarly journals Purpose of Savings and its Determinants in Case of Destitute Population An Empirical Analysis of Slum Dwellers

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-517
Author(s):  
Firdous Ahmad Malik ◽  
D.K. Yadav ◽  
Andleeb Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The People ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
To Come ◽  
Institutional Mechanism ◽  
Oriented Approach

Research has shown that poor people living in under developing countries are saving less, little is known about the responsible factors which influence savings of these poor urban groups.  The following study is based on Theoretical perspectives for examining the nature of savings among Slum dwellers in Lucknow. Three perspectives have been analysed in the study which are Individual capabilities-oriented perspectives, Sociological perspectives and Institutional mechanism (supply-oriented approach) towards the marginal sections of the society. The responsible factors for low savings are due to monopoly-based supply-oriented banking discipline, financial illiteracy, income of the people etc. Findings of the paper suggests that poor people are worth to save and are saving, particularly if both the banking and institutional barriers are removed and made more inclusive so that poor people themselves try to come out from the problem of poverty.

Slum an Urban Tourism Resource in Zambia. A case study of Kalingalinga Informal Settlement, Lusaka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sanusu L. Olatunbosun
Keyword(s):  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
The People ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Tourism Resource ◽  
Slum Tourism ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Slum Settlements

Slum settlements are often reviewed as urban spaces of social complexity where people are often ensnared in a poverty trap. Conversely, slum spaces are exploited as a resource by multiple stakeholders and poverty is an attraction. Pro-poor slum tourism is being utilised in slum settlements outside Zambia as a tool for capacity building, utilising slum dwellers’ resilience, ingenuity, uniqueness and entrepreneurial spirit. This explorative study adopts a qualitative approach in investigating Kalingalinga settlement in Lusaka, Zambia and begins by observing the space through participating in a slum tour. This is followed by interviews with multiple stakeholders, through which participants understanding and perception of the concept of slum tourism are reviewed. Investigation revealed that Kalingalinga is a space of poverty and basic infrastructure, threatened by demand for its location. The informal space is constantly changing and redefining its position within society, fighting for recognition and acceptance. Analysis revealed that this interaction leads to exploitation of slum resources that mainly benefit external stakeholders. A new approach is proposed; to redefine interactions and relationships, to address the root of poverty, and the slum’s informal status. This research, through a conceptual framework for slum tourism, identifies means through which poverty could be exploited by Kalingalinga slum dwellers as a resource for inclusion and, through a pro-poor approach, generate net benefit that satisfies all stakeholders. A key finding suggests that slum spaces could be navigated through a relative slum tourism approach (RST) rather than absolute slum tourism commonly adopted by slum tourists. RST allows the tourist to witness wider activities slum dwellers are involved in, extending the narrative beyond the confines of the settlement. To achieve sustainability, the framework suggests that the people, rather than the location, should be placed at the centre of pro-poor slum tourism and community development.

scholarly journals Spirit Confronts the Four-Headed Monster: Jean-Bertrand Aristide’s Mistik–Infused Flood-Rise in Duvalierist Haiti

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Kain
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Democratic Movement ◽  
The People ◽  
Church Hierarchy ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Intense Mass ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Literary Quality

To explore Jean-Bertrand Aristide’s rise from obscure rural Haiti to become the nation’s first democratically elected president—by a landslide—is to enter into a world and a swirl of events that reads like surreal fiction or magical realism. As a Catholic priest (Salesian order), Aristide was fueled by the religio-socialist principles of liberation theology, which emerged as a significant force in Latin America primarily in the 1970s and 1980s, forcefully and vocally advocating for the masses of Haitian poor mired in deeply-entrenched disenfranchisement and exploitation. As a charismatic spokesperson for the popular democratic movement in Haiti during an era of entrenched dictatorship and repressive violence, Aristide boldly confronted the “four-headed monster” of the Haitian power structure—the army, the church hierarchy, the tontons macoutes, and the wealthy elite. His seemingly impossible escape from multiple assassination attempts, together with the power of his colorful rhetoric and his close association with urban slum dwellers and rural peasants, led to a rising “flood” (or lavalas) that invested him with an aura of Spirit, or mistik, that in either/both the Haitian-embraced tradition of Christianity or vodoun (voodoo) served to energize and greatly reassure an intense mass movement arrayed against seemingly impossible odds. This article focuses on the rise of Aristide as the embodiment and voice of Spirit among the people and does not extend into his tumultuous secular years in and out of the presidency, having been twice the victim of coups (1991 and 2004); instead it focuses primarily on the years 1985–1990 and does not enter into an assessment of Aristide as president. Aristide’s own vivid narratives of this time, segments of his sermons, and later, passages of his poetry serve to bolster the literary quality or interpretation of this brief but vividly colorful historic epoch in the Haitian experience.

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