Identification of a Sinagua Agricultural Field by Aerial Thermography, Soil Chemistry, Pollen/Plant Analysis, and Archaeology

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lennis Berlin ◽  
J. Richard Ambler ◽  
Richard H. Hevly ◽  
Gerald G. Schaber
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Parallel Arrays ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Central Arizona

AbstractAerial thermograms of an area in north-central Arizona immediately to the north of Merriam Crater have revealed the existence of parallel arrays of alternating ridge and swale linear features in the ashfall zone of Sunset Crater. The patterns are not easily identified on simultaneously acquired panchromatic photographs. Pollen and soil analyses confirm the highly geometric pattern to be a previously unrecognized prehistoric agricultural field. Recovery of Sinagua sherds of known age found at nearby living sites and in the field indicates that the farming activity occurred between A.D. 1065 and 1250. After 700 years of abandonment, local plant succession for the field has not yet fully re-established the probable former shrub community, apparently due to differences in physical and chemical properties existing between field and nonfield soil areas, related perhaps to prehistoric agricultural practices.

scholarly journals Interaction between Soil Physicochemical Parameters and Earthworm Communities in Irrigated Areas with Natural Water and Wastewaters

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Kourtel Ghanem Nadra ◽  
Kribaa Mohammed ◽  
El Hadef El Okki Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
Eastern Algeria ◽  
Water Treatment Station ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Our objective is to study interaction between physical and chemical properties of soils and their earthworm community characteristics in different areas irrigated by wastewaters and well waters. The fields have different topography and agricultural practices conditions and are located in two regions of Batna department (Eastern Algeria). Both regions are characterized by a semiarid climate with cold winters and Calcisol soils. Nine fields were subject of this study. Three of these fields are located in Ouled Si Slimane region whose irrigation is effectuated by natural waters of Kochbi effluent. The other six fields are located at edges of Wed El Gourzi, effluent from Batna city, and partially treated through water treatment station. The best rates of water saturation and infiltration as well as abundance of earthworms were recorded at sites characterized by irrigation with wastewaters downstream of El Gourzi effluent. PCA characterizes two major groups: a group of hydrodynamic infiltration parameters and structural index stability of soil, explained by fields irrigated with wastewaters downstream of El Gourzi effluent. This group includes chemical characteristics: pH and electric conductivity. The second group is the characteristics of earthworms and includes organic matter content, active limestone levels, and Shannon Biodiversity Index.

An assessment of SARE-funcled farmer research on sustainable agriculture in the north central U.S.

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Kroma ◽  
Cornelia Butler Flora
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Learning Community ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Funding Agency ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
North Central ◽  
Knowledge Community ◽  
The North ◽  
Research And Education

AbstractEmergent research shows how some farmer groups in the United States are gaining visibility as a critical knowledge community, making important contributions to the ecological health and overall sustainability of the natural resource base. This study focuses on funded farmer research projects in the north central region, to analyze the process and outcome of local inquiry embodied in the discursive contents of reports to a funding agency, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education program. The analyses suggest that farmers' locality-specific agricultural practices may constitute a reflective and learning community, generating local knowledge keenly attuned to an underlying value system that supports actions towards sustainability.

scholarly journals Material composition of Lower Triassic sandstones from the northern areas of the Timan-Pechora oil and gas province

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
N. N. Timonina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Heavy Fraction ◽  
Clastic Rocks ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Formation Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Recently various authors paid much attention to accessory minerals of clastic rocks to clarify the composition of the source area and formation conditions of terrigenous deposits. The paper describes some minerals of the heavy fraction of Triassic sandstones in the north of the Timan-Pechora oil and gas province (garnet, epidote, chromium spinels, ilmenite, etc.). We showed that the enrichment of sandstones with various mineral grains was controlled by not only the composition of the eroded rocks, but also by the hydrodynamics of the flow, as well as the method of transfer of clastic material. We noted that the features of heavy fraction minerals could be used to reconstruct sedimentation environments, taking into account their physical and chemical properties, distribution of minerals by fractions, and their stability during transportation.

scholarly journals Identification of sago land and its potential for development in the Coastal Area of North Luwu Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
W A Kamma ◽  
D A Rampisela ◽  
B Rasyid
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
High Yield ◽  
The North ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Indonesia is the largest sago producer in the world. The existence of sago as a source of food in Indonesia does not show an increased area of plant growing, instead, it tends to shrink from year to year. Only areas along the coast did not have significant land-use change due to limited soil characteristics for the cultivation of other types of plants, namely soil characteristics that are often waterlogged for months. The coastal area of North Luwu Regency is the area with the largest sago planting area in South Sulawesi. This makes sago a potential plant to be developed in the coastal area of North Luwu. This research aims to produce data on the characteristics of sago land and its development potential in the coastal area of the North Luwu Regency. The method was carried out in the form of collecting the list of coastal villages in North Luwu from Badan Pusat Statistik data and image data, then conducting field verification, analyzing the physical and chemical properties of soil and water, and conducting interviews to determine the potential for sago development based on the production of sago plants. The results of this research indicate that the land characteristics in the coastal area of North Luwu are very suitable for sago plants because they represented a high yield of wet sago starch production which reaches more than 250 kg/tree. It can be concluded that the characteristics of sago land in the coastal area of North Luwu Regency are very suitable for sago plants because they can grow and produce very well.

scholarly journals Classificação dos solos da Planície do Delta do Parnaíba, PI (Soil classification of the Parnaíba Delta Plain, PI (1))

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1466
Author(s):  
Léya Rodrigues Cabral ◽  
Gustavo Souza Valladares ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Carlos Roberto Pinheiro Júnior ◽  
Andréa Maciel Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
The North ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Pedogenetic Processes

A diversidade natural dos solos reflete na paisagem a sua própria evolução, sendo estes resultados das interações entre os fatores de formação: material de origem, relevo, clima, organismos e tempo. Tais fatores, adjuntos aos processos pedogenéticos na evolução dos solos, definirão suas propriedades físicas e químicas, fundamentais para a caracterização dos solos. Nesse sentido, este estudo tem com o objetivo geral caracterizar e classificar os tipos de solos da planície do Delta do Parnaíba, localizada na região do Norte Piauiense, tendo como limite natural os rios Parnaíba e Igaraçu e o oceano Atlântico. Para a identificação e caracterização dos perfis de solos, foram realizadas atividades de campo, a fim de descrever e coletar os solos mais representativos na área de estudo. Foram descritos e coletados quinze perfis de solo por meio de trincheiras e tradagens, com extensões profundamente suficientes para avaliação das características morfológicas. Os critérios e procedimentos metodológicos seguiram a padronização adotada no Brasil. As análises físicas e químicas foram realizadas no Laboratório de Gênese e Classificação dos Solos da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Através dos resultados analisados foi possível classificar os solos de acordo com os níveis categóricos do Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação dos solos. As principais ordens de solos encontradas na área de estudo foram os Neossolos, Planossolos, Gleissolos, Espodossolos, Cambissolos e os Vertissolos. Novas classificações foram sugeridas, devido a características significativas encontradas nos perfis de solos que não se enquadrarem no Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos.  A B S T R A C TThe natural diversity of the soils reflects in the landscape its own evolution, being these results of the interactions between the factors of formation: material of origin, relief, climate, organisms and time. These factors, coupled with pedogenetic processes in soil evolution, will define their physical and chemical properties, fundamental for soil characterization. In this sense, this study has the general objective of characterizing and classifying the soil types of the Parnaíba Delta plains, located in the North Piauiense region, with the Parnaíba and Igaraçu rivers and the Atlantic Ocean as their natural limit. For the identification and characterization of soil profiles, field activities were carried out in order to describe and collect the most representative soils in the study area. Fifteen soil profiles were described and collected through trenches and traditions, with extensions deep enough to evaluate the morphological characteristics. The criteria and methodological procedures followed the standardization adopted in Brazil. Physical and chemical analyzes were performed at the Genesis and Soil Classification Laboratory of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. Through the analyzed results it was possible to classify the soils according to the categorical levels of the Brazilian Soil Classification System. The main orders of soils found in the study area were the Neosols, Planosols, Gleysols, Spodosols, Cambisols and Vertisols. New classifications were suggested, due to significant characteristics found in soil profiles that do not fit into the Brazilian Soil Classification System.Keywords: Soil classification; Parnaíba Delta: pedogenetic processes.

scholarly journals Comparison Study on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties, Plant Growth, Yield, and Nutrient Uptakes in Bulb Onion from Organic and Conventional Systems

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1563-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongtae Lee ◽  
Sunkyoung Hwang ◽  
Seongtae Lee ◽  
Injong Ha ◽  
Haejun Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Bulb Yield ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This study aimed to compare agricultural practices, soil physical and chemical properties, growth characteristics, and nutrient uptake of bulb onions from organic and conventional farms in southeastern Korea during the 2011–12 growing season. Soil and plant samples were collected from eight certified organic fields managed organically for more than 5 years and eight conventional fields adjacent to the organic fields. The amounts of nutrients applied to onion fields were approximately two times greater with the conventional methods than with organic methods. However, the soil physical and chemical properties were not significantly different between the organic and conventional systems, except for NO3-N in early May. Growth characteristics were significantly different in early April with organic bulb yield of 55.9 t·ha−1, which was 21.8% lower than conventionally produced onions. Yield reduction in organic onions was the result of lower large-sized (8 cm or greater) bulb yield compared with conventional production. In the conventional system, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) content of leaf tissue in early April, and nitrogen (N) and P content of bulb tissue in early May were higher than those in the organic system. Uptake of all nutrients was greater in the conventional onions compared with the organic onions, except for leaf tissue at harvest. In conclusion, organic onions began to grow and absorb soil nutrients later than the conventional onions in the initial vegetative growth stage. Moreover, it led to an organic onion producing a lower bulb yield. To accelerate the initial growth of the organic onion plant, agricultural practices need to be modified. Modifications that may help include using larger sized seedlings at transplanting, covering the plants with nonwoven fabric or transparent plastic film to increase warmth during winter, and harvesting the onions 1 week later than the conventional onions.

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