Peculiar Wooden Tubes from Southeastern Oregon

Robin Drews

doi:10.2307/275951

Peculiar Wooden Tubes from Southeastern Oregon

American Antiquity ◽

10.2307/275951 ◽

1940 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 75-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robin Drews

Keyword(s):

Mature Wood ◽

Shallow Groove

During excavations in Catlow valley, southeastern Oregon, by the Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, in the summers of 1937 and 1938, there were foundseven peculiar wooden tubes, each with a shallow groove around one or both ends. The specimens, shown in Fig. 10, range in size from No. 7 which is 5.3 cm. long by .5 cm. in diameter, to No. 3 which is 10.0 cm. long and .7 cm. in diameter. The largest from the standpoint of bulk is No. 5 which is 8.8 cm. long and 1.2 cm. in diameter. This specimen is the only one made from mature wood and not from short sections cut from small annual shoots. In each case the pith has been removed, leaving a clean bore the length of the section. No. 6, one of the most poorly made, apparently was never finished because the pith was never cleaned out, though it is evident that several small sticks were broken off during the attempt.

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Theoretical analysis of surface transverse waves propagating on a piezoelectric substrate under shallow groove or thin metal strip gratings

Journal of Applied Physics ◽

10.1063/1.359590 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

pp. 6228-6233 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

E. Gavignet ◽

S. Ballandras ◽

E. Bigler

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Analysis ◽

Metal Strip ◽

Thin Metal ◽

Transverse Waves ◽

Shallow Groove ◽

Piezoelectric Substrate

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Characterization of juvenile wood to mature wood transition age in black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) at different stand densities and sampling heights

Wood Science and Technology ◽

10.1007/s00226-005-0047-4 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 124-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Jérôme Alteyrac ◽

Alain Cloutier ◽

S. Y. Zhang

Keyword(s):

Picea Mariana ◽

Juvenile Wood ◽

Black Spruce ◽

Mature Wood ◽

Transition Age

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Wood density of natural white spruce populations in Quebec

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x87-110 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. 675-682 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

A. Corriveau ◽

J. Beaulieu ◽

F. Mothe

Keyword(s):

Wood Density ◽

Rapid Growth ◽

Juvenile Wood ◽

White Spruce ◽

Density Variation ◽

Mature Wood ◽

Growth Rings ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Genetic Sampling ◽

The Individual

During genetic sampling of white spruce in 1984, increment cores were taken from 80 populations in order to study wood density variation within species in natural Quebec forests. Results show that wood density differences exist between populations and that wood density is negatively correlated with the width of the growth rings; however, some trees and some populations exhibit both high wood density and rapid growth. A moderate positive link was found between juvenile and mature wood densities at both the individual and population levels. Therefore, breeding programs for the improvement of wood density could be based on selections made on juvenile wood.

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X. On the existence of a rudimentary head-kidney in the embryo chick

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London ◽

10.1098/rspl.1878.0076 ◽

1878 ◽

Vol 27 (185-189) ◽

pp. 443-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Head Kidney ◽

Wolffian Duct ◽

Germinal Epithelium ◽

Mullerian Duct ◽

Short Account ◽

Müllerian Duct ◽

Front End ◽

Wolffian Body ◽

Embryo Chick ◽

Shallow Groove

We have been for some time engaged in an investigation on the mode of growth of the developing Müllerian duct in the chick, and its possible derivation from the Wolffian duct; and, while carrying on our investigations on this point, were struck by some remarkable features of the abdominal opening of the Müllerian duct in its very early condition. We did not for some time pay much attention to these features, but finally devoted ourselves to their interpretation, and have been led to the conclusion that they form the rudiment of a head-kidney, “Vomiere” or “Kopfniere,” identical with that present in Amphibia, Marsipobranchii, and Teleostei. We purpose first to give a short account of our observations,, and then to proceed to state the grounds on which we have been led to compare the structures we have found with the head-kidney of the Ichthyopsida The first trace of the Müllerian duct we have met with is a very shallow groove in the germinal epithelium some little way behind the front end of the Wolffian body, and nearly overlying, though slightly external to, the Wolffian duct. This stage corresponds with the earliest stage described by Dr. Gasser. In the next stage, which follows very closely upon the first one, remarkable changes have taken place in the groove, which can best be explained by describing the appearance of a series of successive sections from before backwards through the groove and its continuation.

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Antibacterial effects of protruding and recessed shark skin micropatterned surfaces of polyacrylate plate with a shallow groove

FEMS Microbiology Letters ◽

10.1111/1574-6968.12604 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 361 (1) ◽

pp. 10-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Akihiko Sakamoto ◽

Yusuke Terui ◽

Chihiro Horie ◽

Takashi Fukui ◽

Toshiyuki Masuzawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Shark Skin ◽

Shallow Groove

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Xylem Development in Trees: From Cambial Divisions to Mature Wood Cells

Plant Cell Monographs - Cellular Aspects of Wood Formation ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-36491-4_1 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 3-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Jörg Fromm

Keyword(s):

Mature Wood ◽

Xylem Development

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Phenotypic Correlations among Growth and Selected Wood Properties in White Spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) †

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10070589 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 589 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cyriac S. Mvolo ◽

Ahmed Koubaa ◽

Jean Beaulieu ◽

Alain Cloutier ◽

Maurice Defo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Picea Glauca ◽

Radial Growth ◽

Juvenile Wood ◽

Wood Properties ◽

Mature Wood ◽

Ring Density ◽

Tracheid Length ◽

Latewood Density ◽

Anatomical Properties

We examined phenotypic relationships among radial growth-related, physical (i.e., related to wood density), and anatomical (i.e., related to tracheid dimensions) wood properties in white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), in order to determine the strength and significance of their correlations. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to establish if all of the properties must be measured and to determine the key properties that can be used as proxies for the other variables. Radial growth-related and physical properties were measured with an X-ray densitometer, while anatomical properties were measured with a Fiber Quality Analyzer. Fifteen wood properties (tracheid length (TL) and diameter (TD), earlywood tracheid length (ETL) and diameter (ETD), latewood tracheid length (LTL) and diameter (LTD), ring width (RW), ring area (RA), earlywood width (EWW), latewood width (LWW), latewood proportion (LWP), ring density (RD), intra-ring density variation, earlywood density (EWD), and latewood density (LWD)) were assessed. Relationships were evaluated at intra-ring and inter-ring levels in the juvenile wood (JW) and mature wood (MW) zones. Except for a few cases when mature tracheid diameter (TD) was involved, all intra-ring anatomical properties were highly and significantly correlated. Radial growth properties were correlated, with stronger relationships in MW compared to JW. Physical properties were often positively and significantly correlated in both JW and MW. A higher earlywood density coupled with a lower latewood density favored wood uniformity, i.e., the homogeneity of ring density within a growth ring. Managing plantations to suppress trees growth during JW formation, and enhancing radial growth when MW formation starts will favor overall wood quality. In order, RW-EWW-RA, TL-ETL-LTL, and RD-EWD-LWP are the three clusters that appeared in the three wood zones, the whole pith-to-bark radial section, the juvenile wood zone, and the mature wood zone.

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COMPARISON OF GROWTH DYNAMICS AND WOOD CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANTATION-GROWN AND PRIMARY FOREST CARAPA GUIANENSIS IN CENTRAL AMAZONIA

IAWA Journal ◽

10.1163/22941932-90000250 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 321-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Josef Bauch ◽

Oliver Dünisch

Keyword(s):

Fibre Length ◽

Growth Dynamics ◽

Average Density ◽

Mature Wood ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Forest Trees ◽

Degraded Land ◽

High Quality ◽

Carapa Guianensis ◽

Central Amazonia

This study responds to the demand for recultivation of degraded land areas in Central Amazonia and the desire to add long-lived trees for high-quality timber production to polyculture plantation systems. Carapa guianensis Aubl. from two monocultures (ages 4 and 17 years) and a primary forest were studied. The growth dynamics of the 4-yearold trees revealed 11 to 15 increments marked by tangentially oriented vessel rows. By the 5th year, parenchyma bands indicate mature wood. Monthly labelling by pin-markers revealed short dormancy periods during the dry season. The early formation of mature wood is shown by the pattern of percentage composition of vessels, fibres, and parenchyma. Fibre length reaches its plateau of 1.45–1.59 mm at about four years. Fibre lengths and average density (0.63 g /cm3) of plantation-grown trees correspond to those of primary forest trees. According to this study, Carapa guianensis can be recommended for plantations in order to produce high-quality timber with a decorative heartwood.

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