Taxonomy and the Direct Historical Approach

1942 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. McKern
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Taxonomic Methods

It seems apparent from Julian Steward's latest statement on The Direct Historical Approach to Archaeology that he still conceives of a basic conflict, or at least an inherent competition, between the direct historical and midwestern taxonomic methods, in spite of his initial statement to the contrary. He manifests a conviction that the latter is being overemphasized at the expense of the former. If his fears are well founded (and there are instances of malpractice which might be cited in support of his position), I should be among the first to join his crusade in defense of the direct historical “approach.” However, in that case, his criticism should be directed against the culprits who are misusing methods rather than against any given method itself. Instead, Steward adopts the tone of one who sets out to compare the respective values of two conflicting methods, to the glorification of one and the general degradation of the other.

Statistics and Economic History

1941 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Kuznets
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Inquiry ◽  
Analytical Tools

This paper deals with the relation between statistical analysis as applied in economic inquiry and history as written or interpreted by economic historians. Although both these branches of economic study derive from the same body of raw materials of inquiry—the recordable past and present of economic society—each has developed in comparative isolation from the other. Statistical economists have failed to utilize adequately the contributions that economic historians have made to our knowledge of the past; and historians have rarely employed either the analytical tools or the basic theoretical hypotheses of statistical research. It is the thesis of this essay that such failure to effect a close interrelation between historical approach and statistical analysis needs to be corrected in the light of the final goal of economic study.

scholarly journals Persistent Conflict and Perceived Post-Conflict Peacebuilding in Southern Kaduna Region of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tunde Abioro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Origin Identity ◽  
The Government

The cycle of individual and communal lives from birth to death is supposedly preserved by the government through institutions. However, political, social, and economic activities are engaged to make ends meet wherein the government is to serve as an unbiased regulator. The activities that play out in Southern Kaduna reflected politics of being on one side with interplay on origin, identity, religion, and locality. On the other hand, it reflects politics of belonging that play on kin, reciprocity, and stranger status. It has thus resulted in violence, suspicion, and persistent conflict. The study examines citizen’s inclusiveness in peacebuilding initiatives and the people’s perception of the sincerity of the government. The research relies on secondary sources where governmental and non-governmental publications and documents from relevant and reliable sources enriched the socio-historical approach, particularly those relating to contestation in the region. The study found out that just like situations in the other northwest states of the country, the crisis exacerbates by the government’s inability to mediate fairly between warring parties to ensure fairness and justice as well as failure to apprehend and punish the culprits, even as recommendations from the various interventions were unimplemented. Thus, the spate of violence continues.

scholarly journals Al-Qur’an and Islamic Tolerant: Historical Studies

TAWASUT ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Faizin Muhith
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Religious Tolerance ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
History Of

AbstractIn his research on the history of the Holy Qur’an, the writer hasbeen able to show the dimensions of the Qur'anic Islamictolerance and how to establish the acceptance of the other, inthe most sacred of the Muslims, which is related to the words ofGod. It is through the historical approach that the researcherbegan to search until he finds the dimensions of the manydifferent Islamic tolerance aspects that appear through thehistory of the Qur'an and its mysteries. Among these aspects: thediversity and variance in the letters of the Qur’an that camedown from above the seven heavens, and the side of writing onthe types of materials available at the time, and the side of themultitude of synonyms and differences and books written in thestatement, and other dimensions and other important aspects.In summary, Muslims adhere to the principle of consultationeven in matters related to the words of God. They also adhere tothe spirit of religious tolerance that permeates Islam in generaland in the history of Qur’anic Koran in particular.Keywords: muṣḥāf; history of al-Qur’an; tolerant

Karyotypic Studies in Artificial Hybrids of Solanum Sections Anarrhichomenum and Basarthrum (Solanaceae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Stiefkens ◽  
Gabriel Bernardello ◽  
Gregory J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genome Length ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Change ◽  
Centromere Position ◽  
Taxonomic Methods

Mitotic chromosomes of seven artificial hybrids fromSolanum L. sect.AnarrichomenumBitter &Basarthrum (Bitter) Bitter were studied(S. caripense Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal ×S. basendopogon Bitter,S. caripense × S. muricatumAiton, S. muricatum ×S. basendopogon, S. muricatum× S. caripense,S. muricatum× S. cochoae G.J. Anderson & Bernardello, S. sodiroi Bitter ×S. brevifolium Humb. & Bonpl., andS. sodiroi ×S. caripense).All are wild species except S. muricatum, which is knownonly as a domesticate (‘pepino dulce’). All hybrids were diploidwith 2n = 24. We compare the karyotypes ofparental species and their hybrids to understand chromosome change as acomponent of the evolution of these sections. Statistical analyses ofchromosomes, genome length and centromere position yielded estimates ofkaryotype composition and asymmetry. Comparisons were made by means of ANOVAsand numerical taxonomic methods. Statistical comparisons among the hybridspooled showed much karyotypic similarity among them. Karyotypes of theparental species revealed sharper differences among them. The karyotypes ofthe hybrids except for one combination were not intermediate. In general, thekaryotypes of the hybrids showed relatedness to the karyotype of one parentalspecies. The hybrids involving S. muricatum havechromosomal features closer to it than to the other parental species. Previousstudies showed S. caripense among the wild species to bemost similar to S. muricatum and, as expected, therewere the fewest differences between these species and the hybrids betweenthem. The karyotype of S. sodiroi×S. brevifolium is the most different from the karyotypeof either of its parental species.

The United Kingdom’s Statutory Constitution

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-481
Author(s):  
Athanasios Psygkas
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
New Model ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
History Of

Abstract The emergence of the UK’s statutory constitution has challenged the old Diceyan adage that ‘neither the Act of Union with Scotland nor the Dentists Act 1878 has more claim than the other to be considered supreme law’. This article reconceptualises constitutional statutes, offering a three-pronged approach to identifying such legislation. This new model examines the content of the statute, the history of enacting the constitutional statute (the ‘life of the Bill’), and the post-enactment history (the ‘life of the statute’). The proposed framework reflects a historical approach to constitutionalism and gives weight not only to judicial practice, but also to the interactions between other constitutional actors and to popular endorsement. Four case studies of statutes demonstrate how the new model adds layers to, and diverges from, the current judicial approach. Finally, the article describes the implications of taking constitutional statutes seriously under the proposed approach.

Same Sex Desire and Society in Taiwan, 1970–1987

2005 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 67-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Damm
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Chinese Mainland ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Martial Law ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The Chinese Mainland ◽  
The One

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the discourses of same-sex desire which predominated in Taiwan in the two decades preceding the lifting of martial law in 1987. Using a poststructuralist, historical approach, it is shown that Taiwan – being on the one hand a society with a strong Chinese cultural heritage, but on the other a society which has developed a strong sense of selfidentity as a result of a history very different from that of the Chinese mainland during the last century – can provide valuable insights into the ways in which social developments, global interaction and intercultural influences have changed the discourse of same-sex desire. Within the framework of this approach, it will be shown that these changes, which contributed towards the liberalization and pluralization of Taiwanese society, began to take effect in the period just before the lifting of martial law.

scholarly journals THE DYNAMIC OF MALAY-CHINESE RELATION IN CONTEMPORARY PALEMBANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Zaki Faddad Syarif Zain ◽  
Anisatul Mardiah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Strong Attachment ◽  
Local Narratives

<p class="abstrak">This paper aims to determine the dynamics of Chinese and Malay relation in Palembang. This qualitative research is conducted with descriptive analytics. Data are obtained by interviews, documentation, and observation. This study engages the socio-historical approach, namely studying on the conflict and integration between Malays and Chinese in Palembang by looking at the history and the socio-politics. The research finds that the conflict between the two groups was strongly influenced by the political dynamics at the national level which spreads to Palembang. On the other hand, the process of integration between Chinese and Malays is unique and naturally integrated which is solved pragmatically The integration potentiality lies on the local narratives of a strong attachment between Malay and Chinese cultures.</p><p class="abstrak" align="left"> </p><p><em>Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pasang surut relasi kelompok Tionghoa dan Melayu di tingkat lokal yaitu Palembang. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif yang disajikan dengan deskriptif analitis. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosio historis, yaitu mengkaji konflik dan integrasi antara Melayu dan Tionghoa di Palembang dengan menilik pada sejarah dan kondisi sosial politik yang melatarbelakanginya Dari penelitian yang dilakukan ditemukan bahwa konflik antara kedua kelompok itu sangat dipengaruhi oleh dinamika politik di tingkat nasional (baca: yang terjadi di Jawa) yang berkembang hingga Palembang. Selanjutnya, integrasi antara Tionghoa dan Melayu memiliki keunikan tersendiri karena berjalan dengan natural didasarkan pada prinsip pragmatis. Sedangkan potensi integrasi dapat dilihat narasi-narasi keterikatan yang kuat antara Melayu dan Tionghoa yang menambah khazanah multikultural dari budaya Melayu Palembang itu sendiri.</em></p>

scholarly journals Demokrasi Islam dalam Pandangan Muhammad Natsir dan Muhammad Abid Al-Jabiri

EL-Ghiroh ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Tomi Agustian
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
History Of Thought ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Western Democracy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Islamic Values

Muhammad Natsir is an Indonesian thinker and politician, including those who take note. He prefers to combine the concept of Western democracy with Islamic values, thus bringing up the concept of theistic democracy. While on the other hand there is Muhammad Abid al-Jabiri who feels that democracy is a 'necessity' for every nation. The argument he built was not because of the compatibility between democracy and Islam, but rather because of the reality faced by the Arabs. Natsir and al-Jabiri were religious nationalists who fought for democracy. Because this research is a study of the history of thought, the approach used is a socio-historical approach, which is an approach used to determine the socio-cultural and socio-political background of a character, because the thought of a character is the result of interaction with the environment. Natsir uses the reconstruction method while al-Jabiri uses the deconstruction method. Both are included in the category of reformistic typology thinkers, namely those who believe that turâŝ and modernity are both good. Therefore, trying to harmonize tour and modernity by not violating common sense and rational standards.

scholarly journals Redemptive-Historical Approach: Suatu Pendekatan Hermeneutis Injili Yang Kristosentris

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
Fitri Yuliana
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Post Modernism ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Sides

Di satu sisi, penekanan modernisme pada rasionalitas dan historisitas telah menghasilkan kristologi yang kritis-objektif. Di sisi lain, pascamodernisme yang berepistemologi pluralis menghasilkan kristologi yang subjektif. Menanggapi dan menjembatani dua sisi persoalan ini, pendekatan hermeneutis redemptive-historical diajukan sebagai pendekatan alternatif injili. Pendekatan yang berpusat pada Kristus sebagai kulminasi sejarah penebusan (seperti yang disaksikan Alkitab) ini mengaitkan tiga horizon yaitu: textual, epochal, dan canonical untuk menginterpretasikan teks Kitab Suci secara holistik. Pendekatan ini menganalisis sintaksis, konteks sastra, konteks sejarah dan genre-nya (textual horizon), mengaitkannya dengan sejarah penebusan (epochal horizon), dan melihatnya dalam terang keutuhan kanon (canonical horizon). Penggabungan ketiga unsur tersebut menekankan dinamika pemenuhan janji Allah dalam kulminasi tersebut. Dengan demikian, pendekatan hermeneutis redemptive historical dapat mengarahkan orang Kristen pembacaan dan penafsiran Alkitab yang kristosentris. Kata-kata kunci: Pendekatan Redemptive-Historical, Epistemologi, Kristologi Modern Kristologi Pascamodern, Hermeneutika Injili Kristosentris On the one hand, the emphasis of modernism on rationality and historicity has produced a critical-objective Christology. On the other hand, post-modernism with a pluralist epistemology produces subjective Christology. Responding to, and bridging the two sides of this problem, the redemptive-historical hermeneutical approach is proposed as an alternative evangelical approach. The Christ-centered approach as the culmination of the history of redemption (as witnessed to in the Bible) links three horizons, namely: textual, epochal, and canonical to interpret the text of the Scriptures holistically. This approach analyzes syntax, literary context, historical context and its genre (textual horizon), links it to the history of redemption (epochal horizon), and sees it in the light of the canon (canonical horizon). The combination of these three elements emphasizes the dynamic fulfillment of God’s promises. Thus, the historical redemptive hermeneutical approach can lead Christians to read and interpret the Christocentric Bible. Keywords: Redemptive-Historical Approach, Epistemology, Modernist Christology, Post-modernist Christology, Christ-centered Evangelical Hermeneutics

scholarly journals Evolution of Lyrical Image in Ballets of Azerbaijani Composers

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Lala Huseynli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

This article is devoted to the study of the evolution of the lyrical image in the ballets of Azerbaijani composers. The presented article emphasizes that the Azerbaijani ballet on the extension of the history of the Azerbaijani school of composition functioned indefinitely as an important component of the Azerbaijani musical culture. The theme of this article is actualized in the aspect of the historical approach, as each ballet of Azerbaijani composers, on the other hand, reflected the significant features of the artistic, historical and cultural context. On the other hand, the study of the evolution of the lyrical image in the Azerbaijani ballets reflects the dynamics of the development of the Azerbaijani school of composition. Moreover, the figurative system in Azerbaijani ballets represents the slender line of artistic connections of Azerbaijani culture. The purpose of the research is to study the role of the lyrical image in the evolution of the Azerbaijani ballet. The research methodology is based is based on the use of a historical approach to determine the basic definitions of the study. The expediency of the historical method is due to the fact that the development in the space of historical time should be based on certain basic categories that would reflect the school of composition, its national specifics. The scientific novelty of the research is that for the first time the peculiarities of the evolution of the lyrical image in Azerbaijani ballets – from its origin to modern functioning – are analyzed; the nuances of style creation in the Azerbaijani school of composers in the specified aspect are considered, and also certain art processes are systematized. Conclusions. It is proved that the combination of deep lyricism with dramatic emotions is characteristic of the transfer of lyricism in the drama of ballets at all historical stages of development, in different stylistic contexts. Lyrical images in the ballets of Azerbaijani composers have similar features and are due to the specific content of the national worldview.

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