Emerging Democracy in Late Imperial Russia: Case Studies on Local Self-Government (the Zemstvos), State Duma Elections, the Tsarist Government, and the State Council before and during World War I. Ed. Mary Schaeffer Conroy. Niwot: University Press of Colorado, 1998. ix, 316 pp. Notes. Index. Maps. $39.95, hard bound.

Slavic Review ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-221
Author(s):  
William G. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
State Council ◽  
World War ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Index Maps ◽  
Emerging Democracy

scholarly journals Citizenship and the Russian Nation during World War I: A Comment

Slavic Review ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Social Elite ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ordinary Folk

Historians of late imperial Russia have been categorical in asserting that Russian peasants lacked any form of national identity. Scholars as diverse as Orlando Figes, Geoffrey Hosking, John Keep, Bruce Lincoln, Richard Pipes, Robert Service, Ronald Suny, and Allan Wildman have agreed that Russian peasants were too rooted inGemeinschaft,too particularistic in their social identities, to be capable of identifying with the polity and territory of Russia. John Keep expresses the consensus concisely when he writes:At the beginning of the twentieth century the Russian people lagged behind many others in the tsarist realm (Poles, Finns, even Baits and Ukrainians) in the development of a modern national consciousness. The social elite identified with the multinational empire; in the terminology of the day their thinking wasrossiiskiirather thanrusskii.Ordinary folk either opted for a social class orientation or else had none at all, in that their horizons were limited to the local community. This helps to explain why Russia was defeated in World War One, why the Bolsheviks with their Utopian internationalist creed won mass support in 1917 and why the Whites failed to worst the Reds in the ensuing civil war.

Neither Absolutism nor Anarchy: New Narratives on Society and Government in Late Imperial Austria

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary B. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Popular Politics ◽  
World War ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Political Modernization

A reevaluationby historians of political life in late imperial Austria and the capacity of the state to accommodate modern modes of popular political engagement is long overdue. Over the last twenty years lively discussions have developed about the extent of political modernization in Germany and Russia during the last decades before World War I. A number of historians have argued that modes of government and popular politics changed much more significantly in those empires than was previously recognized. In the meantime an important new monographic literature has arisen on popular political action, government, and civil administration in the Habsburg monarchy that suggests that much the same may have taken place there, too.

Alexander III and the State Council: Bureaucracy and Counter-Reform in Late Imperial Russia

1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Theodore Taranovski ◽  
Heide W. Whelan
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
State Council ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Imperial Russia
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