Globalization, the Palestinian Economy, and the "Peace Process"

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Samara
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
The West ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
West Bank And Gaza ◽  
Palestinian Economy

Notwithstanding the peace process, the areas of the West Bank and Gaza under the jurisdiction of the Palestinian Authority remain dominated by Israeli economic policies and are subordinated to the prescriptions of international financial institutions, such as the World Bank and the IMF, which played a central role in designing the PA economy. The article concludes that the PA's unquestioning adoption of neoliberal economic policies favoring foreign capital at the expense of local capital has further weakened the local private sector and resulted in a kind of "development" that does not serve the population.

De-development Revisited: Palestinian Economy and Society Since Oslo

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Roy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
The West ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
West Bank And Gaza ◽  
Palestinian Economy ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Emerging Pattern

The years since the Oslo agreement have seen a marked deterioration in Palestinian economic life and an accelerated de-development process. The key features of this process have been heightened by the effects of closure, the defining economic feature of the post-Oslo period. Among its results are enclavization, seen in the physical separation of the West Bank and Gaza; the weakening of economic relations between the Palestinian and Israeli economies; and growing divisions within the Palestinian labor market, with the related, emerging pattern of economic autarky. In the circumstances described, the prospects for sustained economic development are nonexistent and will remain so as long as closure continues.

Aspects of Foreign Relations under the Israeli-Palestinian Agreements on Interim Self-Government Arrangements for the West Bank and Gaza

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 268-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Singer
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Relations ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
The West ◽  
Full Capacity ◽  
West Bank And Gaza

In each one of the three main agreements which Israel has concluded to date with the PLO as part of the current peace process, the issue of foreign relations has received special treatment. This reflects the fact that, while the transfer of a number of spheres of authority to the Palestinian autonomous entity has serious practical ramifications, the treatment of the sphere of foreign relations has an added effect on the very nature of the autonomous entity itself, because full capacity to conduct foreign relations is one of the accepted indicia of sovereignty and statehood. Any arrangements reached with regard to the sphere of foreign relations are, therefore, of critical significance.

scholarly journals Incorporating Blue Bonds as a funding alternative for a sustainable development project

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Fareis Althalet ◽  
Tira Siya Fajar Rahayu ◽  
Hera Hera ◽  
Ayu Fil Akhirati ◽  
Pingki Pingki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Development Project ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
International Media ◽  
Fisheries Governance ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Reputation ◽  
Water Pollution Management ◽  
The Government

This study aims to examine Blue Bonds as a guarantee issued by the issuer (government and companies) as alternative financing. Compared to ordinary bonds that are issued only to meet the issuer's funding needs, the transaction results in Blue Bonds will be used to support marine protection, fisheries governance, waste and water pollution management, and the restoration of marine ecosystems. In this study, the author uses the method literature review sourced from journals, books, reports from related ministries, international financial institutions such as the World Bank, and news from national and international media. The results of this study indicate that by issuing Blue Bonds, the government and companies will get more funds from bond investors. Investors will receive a return in the form of a coupon (fixed interest rate) from the issuer and pay according to schedule and the initial principal investment. Not only that, the government and companies will get a good reputation among investors and actively contribute to Indonesia's maritime development.

scholarly journals Halal Money: Financial inclusion and demand for Islamic banking in Norway

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 205316801875762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torkel Brekke
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
The West ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Financial Exclusion ◽  
The World ◽  
Muslims In The West

Financial inclusion is high on the agenda for governments as well as for organizations such as the World Bank. Research has pointed out that Muslims worldwide are less included in the formal financial system than non-Muslims, but there is no knowledge about the extent to which religious norms (most importantly the ban on interest on money) lead to financial exclusion among Muslims in the West. In this article I approach the issue of financial exclusion and inclusion through three interrelated questions that will be answered with data collected in Norway 2015 and 2016. The questions are: (a) To what extent do Muslims see conventional banking as a problem in their own lives? (b) Do level of education, age, national background or level of religiosity predict demand for Islamic banking? (c) Is demand for Islamic banking changing? This article is a first step in what should be a broader research program to find out whether and how religious norms cause financial exclusion of Muslims in the West.

scholarly journals Accumulation by Any Means: Neoliberalisation and Environment in Post-Communist Europe

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Peters
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
Strategic Partnerships ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Baltic

This paper explores water services restructuring in the post-communist Europe. The cases of the cities of St Petersburg, Russia and Tallinn, Estonia serve to trace changes in tone and timbre over the course of the post-communist transition to a market based economy. This paper is divided into two sections: we begin by placing the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) in the context of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund–the International Financial Institutions significantly involved with infrastructure rebuilding. Section Two presents a brief look at specific cases of municipal water restructuring in the Baltic Region in postcommunist transition period, 1991 – 2006, brokered and funded in part by EBRD money. Tracing investments and the strategic partnerships formed in the region by the EBRD sheds light onto the development of IFI capacity and strategy since the early 1990s. The politics behind the notion described in shorthand with Harvey’s reworking of the Marxian ‘Primitive Accumulation’ is crucial to understanding the dynamics and trends often apparent in water infrastructure restructuring.

scholarly journals Human Rights and Financial Institutions: Pinning the Responsibility

2013 ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
Nidhi Modani
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

This paper is a study of the possible human right obligations of international financial institutions. As financial institutions have not been looked upon as agencies influencing or influenced by human rights, this study becomes significant. The study is limited to international financial institutions, with a special focus on the World Bank (hereinafter ‘Bank’) and the International Monetary Fund (hereinafter ‘Fund’ or ‘IMF’). 2 Further, there is a special focus on developing nations.3

scholarly journals The continued de-development of the Palestinian economy in the post-Oslo period

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
The West ◽  
Oslo Accords ◽  
Israeli Government ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
West Bank And Gaza ◽  
Palestinian Economy

The de-development of the Palestinian economy began in 1967, following Israel's occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip (WBGS). Following the Oslo Accords of 1993, this de-development has continued. The WBGS remained dependent on the Israeli labor market for jobs until 2000, when Israel curtailed the flow of Palestinian labor to Israel following the 2000 intifada. This curtailment has resulted in sharp increases in unemployment and poverty rates in the WBGS. Closures and other actions taken by the Israeli government since 2000 have led to further de-development of the Palestinian economy. Although the WBGS has received substantial foreign aid in the post-Oslo period, the positive economic impact of such aid has been more than offset by the punitive measures taken by Israel in this period. It is highly unlikely that the Israeli government will allow the number of WBGS workers in Israel to return to its pre-2000 level. Hence, the revitalization of the Palestinian economy will require huge private investment. Such investment cannot be expected without a permanent settlement of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict that includes a Palestinian state with control over its borders and a strong link with diaspora Palestinians.

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