Effect of pollen load size and source (self, outcross) on seed and fruit production in highbush blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ (VACCINIUM CORYMBOSUM;Ericaceae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1584-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margriet H. Dogterom ◽  
Mark L. Winston ◽  
Amy Mukai
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Pollen Load ◽  
Load Size

scholarly journals Content of Mobile Elements in the Soil and their Accumulation in the Shoots and Fruits of Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and Bogbillberry (V. uliginosum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3270-3277
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Vaccinium Uliginosum ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Western Ukraine

Vaccinium uliginosum L. is aboriginal plant species in Ukraine, and Vaccinium corymbosum L. is from the American continent but is widely cultivated in Europe and Ukraine for fruit production. The vegetative part of these plants is practically not used, and their chemical composition has not been studied in detail, although the native Europeans and Americans used the plants for medicinal purposes. Contents of selected elements were determined in samples of forest V. uliginosum L. shoots and fruits harvested in Western Ukraine and cultivated V. corymbosum L. (three cultivars) fruits and shoots. The atomic absorption spectrophotometry with sample aspiration in air-acetylene flame was used to analyze the metal concentration. Chemical analyses of shoots showed significantly greater content for essential elements (Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, Cr) than in fruits of both investigated species. In the fruits of V. corymbosum is much more Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn (2.13-3.17; 3.58-8.84; 0.74-1.18; 3.36-6.52 mgkg-1 DW) compare to V. uliginosum ones. V. corymbosum varieties differ significantly in content elements in the shoots and fruits (especially Co, Cr, Cu, Cd). Correlation between the concentrations of elements in shoots and fruits of V. corymbosum cultivars as well as in shoots and fruits of V. uliginosum and the mobile metal concentrations in soil of their growth were calculated, but direct connections were not found. The element composition of Vaccinium corymbosum shoots and fruits has proven to be promising tools.

scholarly journals Growth and Fruit Production of Highbush Blueberry Fertilized with Ammonium Sulfate and Urea Applied by Fertigation or as Granular Fertilizer

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar L. Vargas ◽  
David R. Bryla
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Leaf N Concentration ◽  
Northern Highbush Blueberry ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Leaf N

Fertigation with liquid sources of nitrogen (N) fertilizers, including ammonium sulfate and urea, were compared with granular applications of the fertilizers in northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. ‘Bluecrop’) during the first 5 years of fruit production (2008–12). The planting was established in Apr. 2006 at a field site located in western Oregon. The plants were grown on raised beds and mulched every 2 years with sawdust. Liquid fertilizers were injected through a drip system in equal weekly applications from mid-April to early August. Granular fertilizers were applied on each side of the plants, in three split applications from mid-April to mid-June, and washed into the soil using microsprinklers. Each fertilizer was applied at three N rates, which were increased each year as the plants matured (63 to 93, 133 to 187, and 200 to 280 kg·ha−1 N) and compared with non-fertilized treatments (0 kg·ha−1 N). Canopy cover, which was measured in 2008 only, and fresh pruning weight were greater with fertigation than with granular fertilizer and often increased with N rate when the plants were fertigated but decreased at the highest rate when granular fertilizer was applied. Yield also increased with N fertilizer and was 12% to 40% greater with fertigation than with granular fertilizer each year as well as 17% greater with ammonium sulfate than with urea in 2011. The response of berry weight to the treatments was variable but decreased with higher N rates during the first 3 years of fruit production. Leaf N concentration was greater with fertigation in 4 of 5 years and averaged 1.68% with fertigation and 1.61% with granular fertilizer. Leaf N was also often greater with ammonium sulfate than with urea and increased as more N was applied. Soil pH declined with increasing N rates and was lower with granular fertilizer than with fertigation during the first 3 years of fruit production and lower with ammonium sulfate than with urea in every year but 2010. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) was less than 1 dS·m−1 in each treatment but was an average of two to three times greater with granular fertilizer than with fertigation and 1.4 to 1.8 times greater with ammonium sulfate than with urea. Overall, total yield averaged 32 to 63 t·ha−1 in each treatment over the first 5 years of fruit production and was greatest when plants were fertigated with ammonium sulfate or urea at rates of at least 63 to 93 kg·ha−1 N per year.

scholarly journals Irrigation and Fertigation with Drip and Alternative Micro Irrigation Systems in Northern Highbush Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 897-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar L. Vargas ◽  
David R. Bryla ◽  
Jerry E. Weiland ◽  
Bernadine C. Strik ◽  
Luna Sun
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
First Year ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Northern Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Micro Irrigation

The use of conventional drip and alternative micro irrigation systems were evaluated for 3 years in six newly planted cultivars (Earliblue, Duke, Draper, Bluecrop, Elliott, and Aurora) of northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). The drip system included two lines of tubing on each side of the row with in-line drip emitters at every 0.45 m. The alternative systems included geotextile tape and microsprinklers. The geotextile tape was placed alongside the plants and dispersed water and nutrients over the entire length. Microsprinklers were installed between every other plant at a height of 1.2 m. Nitrogen was applied by fertigation at annual rates of 100 and 200 kg·ha−1 N by drip, 200 kg·ha−1 N by geotextile tape, and 280 kg·ha−1 N by microsprinklers. By the end of the first season, plant size, in terms of canopy cover, was greatest with geotextile tape, on average, and lowest with microsprinklers or drip at the lower N rate. The following year, canopy cover was similar with geotextile tape and drip at the higher N rate in each cultivar, and was lowest with microsprinklers in all but ‘Draper’. In most of the cultivars, geotextile tape and drip at the higher N rate resulted in greater leaf N concentrations than microsprinklers or drip at the lower N rate, particularly during the first year after planting. By the third year, yield averaged 3.1–9.1 t·ha−1 among the cultivars, but was similar with geotextile tape and drip at either N rate, and was only lower with microsprinklers. Overall, drip was more cost effective than geotextile tape, and fertigation with 100 kg·ha−1 N by drip was sufficient to maximize early fruit production in each cultivar. Microsprinklers were less effective by comparison and resulted in white salt deposits on the fruit.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of a Portable, Handheld Mechanical Shaker to Study Fruit Detachment in Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Malladi ◽  
Tripti Vashisth ◽  
Scott NeSmith
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Vaccinium Ashei ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Southern Highbush ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Mechanical Shaker ◽  
Selection Of

A portable, handheld, mechanical shaking device was developed and its effects on fruit detachment in rabbiteye bluebbery (Vaccinium ashei Reade) and southern highbush blueberry (hybrids of mostly Vaccinium corymbosum L. and Vaccinium darrowi Camp.) were evaluated. The instrument facilitated effective detachment of fruit within a branch, especially in rabbiteye blueberry (greater than 75%). Approximately 3 to 4 seconds of shaking was sufficient to detach the majority of the fruit. Differences in the extent of fruit detachment were observed across the genotypes, especially among southern highbush blueberry genotypes. The majority of fruit detachment in rabbiteye blueberry and most of the southern highbush blueberry genotypes occurred at the point of attachment of the pedicel to the berry, although a significant portion detached with the stem intact, resulting in stemmy fruit. Although only a small proportion of the detached fruit was immature in the rabbiteye blueberry genotypes, up to 23% of the detached fruit was immature in the southern highbush blueberry genotypes. Application of the abscission agents methyl jasmonate (MeJa; 20 mm) and ethephon (1000 mg·L−1) reduced the time required for fruit detachment on mechanical shaking by up to 5-fold. Together, these data indicate that the mechanical shaking device developed here is an effective tool for studying fruit detachment in blueberry. This instrument has potential applications in blueberry research programs evaluating fruit production. It can be used in breeding programs to aid in the selection of genotypes with fruit detachment characteristics that are potentially better suited for mechanical harvesting, and also in programs involving the screening and evaluation of abscission agents in blueberry.

scholarly journals Grow Tubes Reduce Root and Crown Growth but Not Early Production during Establishment of Highbush Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-588
Author(s):  
Bernadine C. Strik ◽  
Gil Buller ◽  
Julie M. Tarara
Keyword(s):  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Tube Removal ◽  
Opaque Plastic

Grow tubes are sometimes used in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) to establish plantings or replace dead plants in older fields. Two experiments were conducted at a commercial farm to evaluate the effect of various grow tubes used during planting establishment of highbush blueberry cultivars. The treatments in the first experiment were cultivar (‘Aurora’, ‘Elliott’, ‘Liberty’) and grow tube treatment (no tube, control; opaque cardboard tube in the first growing season; and opaque plastic tube in the first season or first through the second season). The treatments in the second experiment were cultivar (‘Aurora’, ‘Elliott’, ‘Liberty’, ‘Ozarkblue’) and grow tube treatment (control; translucent plastic; opaque plastic; and wire mesh tube over plants in the first growing season). The presence of a grow tube from spring to fall of the first growing season decreased crown dry weight (DW) by an average of 37% to 50% and root DW by 30% (all except translucent plastic in Expt. 2) and increased the aboveground:belowground DW ratio relative to the control by an average of 34% to 67%, depending on the experiment. Plants grown in tubes were taller, had a narrower canopy, and had fewer whips, likely a response to low light levels inside the tubes; the fewest whips were found in the opaque plastic or cardboard tubes and the most in the translucent plastic tube with an intermediate response in the wire mesh tube. Removal of grow tubes during the summer led to plant damage from sudden sun exposure. The opaque grow tubes (present in Year 1) reduced yield/plant in Year 2 for ‘Elliott’ and ‘Liberty’ (cardboard tube only) but not ‘Aurora’. Pruning plants to allow for limited early fruit production (≈0.6 kg/plant) in Year 2 did not reduce yield in Year 3 (≈2.7 kg/plant). Whereas grow tubes reduced root and crown growth in the first season, there appeared to be no longer-term adverse effect on aboveground plant growth or yield.

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