A Comparison of Inbreeding Depression in Life-History and Morphological Traits in Animals

Evolution ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. DeRose ◽  
Derek A. Roff
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Morphological Traits

Comparing Mutational Variabilities

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 1467-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Houle ◽  
Bob Morikawa ◽  
Michael Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Infinite Population ◽  
Persistence Time ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Balance Hypothesis

Abstract We have reviewed the available data on VM, the amount of genetic variation in phenotypic traits produced each generation by mutation. We use these data to make several qualitative tests of the mutation-selection balance hypothesis for the maintenance of genetic variance (MSB). To compare VM values, we use three dimensionless quantities: mutational heritability, the mutational coefficient of variation, CVM; and the ratio of the standing genetic variance to VM, VG/VM. Since genetic coefficients of variation for life history traits are larger than those for morphological traits, we predict that under MSB, life history traits should also have larger CVM. This is confirmed; life history traits have a median CVM value more than six times higher than that for morphological traits. VG/VM approximates the persistence time of mutations under MSB in an infinite population. In order for MSB to hold, VG/VM must be small, substantially less than 1000, and life history traits should have smaller values than morphological traits. VG/VM averages about 50 generations for life history traits and 100 generations for morphological traits. These observations are all consistent with the predictions of a mutation-selection balance model.

The Odd Man Out in a Pioneer Cemetery at Seccombe Lake Park, San Bernardino, California

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-113
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Native American ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Latter Day Saints ◽  
Community Members ◽  
San Bernardino ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

In 1989, a pioneer cemetery associated with the 19th-century Latter-Day Saints colony in San Bernardino, California, was discovered during the construction of a baseball field. Among the remains of 12 individuals recovered from the cemetery were those of a young man of about 22 years, whose burial treatment differed notably from the other intact interments at the site. Unlike these coffin burials, Burial 5 was found in a sprawling position, apparently tossed unceremoniously into the grave pit. Dental morphological traits identified the genetic affinities of this man as Native American, perhaps a member of the local Cahuilla or Serrano tribes, whereas the other individuals appeared to be of European ancestry, an interpretation consistent with records kept by community members. A possible identity for this individual came from a journal account describing the shooting of an “Indian” by the local sheriff, who was then brought to the fort, died, and was buried before his fellow tribesmen arrived to determine what had transpired and perhaps to claim his remains. This chapter explores the identity and life history of this young man in the context of the history of the valley and the pioneer community in which he met his death.

scholarly journals Inbreeding depression along a life-history continuum in the great tit

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1531-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SZULKIN ◽  
D. GARANT ◽  
R. H. MCCLEERY ◽  
B. C. SHELDON
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Great Tit

scholarly journals Genetic architecture and lifetime dynamics of inbreeding depression in a wild mammal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Stoffel ◽  
S.E. Johnston ◽  
J.G. Pilkington ◽  
J.M Pemberton
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Rate Variation ◽  
Wild Mammal ◽  
Annual Survival ◽  
Soay Sheep ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Recombination Rate Variation

AbstractInbreeding depression is a phenomenon of long-standing importance, but we know surprisingly little about its genetic architecture, precise effects and life-history dynamics in wild populations. Here, we combined 417K imputed SNP genotypes for 5952 wild Soay sheep with detailed long-term life-history data to explore inbreeding depression on a key fitness component, annual survival. Inbreeding manifests in long runs of homozygosity (ROH) and these are abundant in Soay sheep, covering on average 24% of the autosomal genome and up to 50% in the most inbred individuals. The ROH landscape is shaped by recombination rate variation and differs widely across the genome, including islands where up to 87% of the population have an ROH and deserts where the ROH prevalence is as low as 4%. We next quantified individual inbreeding as the proportion of the autosomal genome in ROH (FROH) and estimated its effect on annual survival. The consequences of inbreeding are severe; a 10% increase in FROH was associated with a 68% [95% CI 55-78%] decrease in the odds of survival. However, the strength of inbreeding depression is dynamic across the lifespan. We estimate depression to peak in young adults, to decrease into older ages and to be weaker in lambs, where inbreeding effects are possibly buffered by maternal care. Finally, using a genome-wide association scan on ROH, we show that inbreeding causes depression predominantly through many loci with small effects, but we also find three regions in the genome with putatively strongly deleterious mutations. Our study reveals population and genome-wide patterns of homozygosity caused by inbreeding and sheds light on the strength, dynamics and genetic architecture of inbreeding depression in a wild mammal population.

scholarly journals Assessment of heterosis and inbreeding depression for agro-morphological traits in bread wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Satnam Singh Nagar ◽  
Charan Singh ◽  
Vikas Gupta ◽  
Gyanendra Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Morphological Traits
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