Price Strategies to Promote Cartel Stability

Economica ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 32 (126) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Orr ◽  
Paul W. MacAvoy
Author(s):  
Timo Klein ◽  
Maarten Pieter Schinkel
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-228
Author(s):  
Hsin‐Hsien Liu ◽  
Hsuan‐Yi Chou
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwan Sugiarto

Unfair business competition can cause and trigger monopoly practice where markets arecontrolled and dominated by business doers. Besides, another impact of monopoly practiceis that; the business doers tend to sell expensive products without good quality. Monopolybusiness doers often apply price strategy where the entrepeneurs at normal competitivemarkets are not possible to do that. One of price strategies is price discrimination. Pricediscrimination refers to different price determination at a product at different time to everydifferent customer, or different market, but it is not based on different cost. Price discriminationcan be distinguished into three kinds, namely first degree price discrimination, second degreeprice discrimination, and third degree price discrimination. In addition to that, there is avariant in second degree price discrimination and third degree price discrimination, namelytwo part tariff, intertemporal price discrimination, and also peak load pricing.In Act No. 5 year 1999, discrimination related to prices is regulated in two groups ofrules and articles, that is to say price discrimination which is aproved under agreement, anddiscrimination which is performed by unilateral agreement or without agreement.


FLORESTA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Garzel Leodoro Da Silva ◽  
Rubens Da Costa Santos ◽  
Elisabeth Hildebrand ◽  
José Sawinski Júnior ◽  
Pedro Giovani Lacowicz ◽  
...  

Este trabalho mostra a importância atribuída pelas empresas brasileiras exportadoras de papel e celulose às estratégias de produto, preço, promoção, distribuição e variáveis estratégicas de marketing, nos períodos de 1990-1995 e 1996-2000. Com base no volume produzido, volume exportado e participação das exportações na produção, as empresas foram separadas em dois grupos: EGI (empresas com grande interesse no mercado externo) e EPI (empresas com pequeno interesse no mercado externo). Os resultados apontam para um aumento da importância das estratégias propostas para o período 1996-2000, na opinião dos dois grupos de empresas (EGI e EPI). Ocorreu pouca diferença quanto à importância atribuída às estratégias de produto, preço, promoção, distribuição e marketing, tanto pelas EGI quanto EPI. Do conjunto de estratégias analisadas, as que apresentaram menor importância foram às estratégias de promoção, para os dois grupos de empresas, em ambos períodos. Por outro lado, as estratégias consideradas mais importantes, entre 1990-1995, foram as de preço, para os dois grupos. No período 1996-2000 passaram a ser consideradas mais importantes, pelas EGI, as de marketing e produto, e pelas EPI, as estratégias de produto e preço. International marketing strategies in the Brazilian pulp and paper companies Abstract This work shows the importance the Brazilian pulp and paper export companies attribute to the product, price, promotion and distribution strategies and to the marketing strategic variables in the 1990-2995 and 2996-2000 periods. Considering the produced volume, exported volume and the export participation in the production, the companies were classified in two groups: EGI (companies with large interest in the external market) and EPI (companies with small interest in the external market). The results point to an increase of the importance of the strategies proposed to the 1996-2000 period in the opinion of the two groups of companies (EPI and EGI). It was verified minimum differences about the importance attributed to the product, price, promotion, distribution and marketing strategies by the two groups. Of the set strategies analyzed, the one that presented minor importance was the promotion strategies, for both groups and periods. On the other hand, the price strategies were considered more important to the 1990-1995 periods, for the two groups. In relation of the 1996-2000 period, the EGI companies, and the product and price strategies by the EPI companies considered the marketing and product strategies more important.


2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1451-1465
Author(s):  
Christos Papahristodoulou

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