scholarly journals The Unemployment Rates of Men and Women: A Transition Probability Analysis

ILR Review ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry DeBoer ◽  
Michael C. Seeborg
Keyword(s):  
Transition Probability ◽  
Probability Analysis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Unemployment Rates

scholarly journals The Unemployment Rates of Men and Women: A Transition Probability Analysis

ILR Review ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry DeBoer ◽  
Michael C. Seeborg
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Probability Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Secular Decline ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Labor Force Attachment

Women's unemployment rates were considerably higher than men's for many years, but during the 1980s this difference has virtually disappeared. This study is the first to examine that change through an analysis of trends in the probabilities of labor force transitions — movements between employment, unemployment, and nonparticipation in the labor force. Using BLS data, the authors find that about half of the narrowing of the unemployment rate differential during the 1968–85 period was due to the increasing labor force attachment of women and the decreasing attachment of men. The other half reflects changes in men's and women's tendencies to move between employment and unemployment, which the authors attribute primarily to the secular decline of male-dominated industries.

Lifetime smoking patterns: A transition probability analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-198
Author(s):  
Frank T. Denton ◽  
Byron G. Spencer ◽  
Deborah A. Welland
Keyword(s):  
Transition Probability ◽  
Probability Analysis ◽  
Smoking Patterns

scholarly journals Living arrangements of older persons in 1987–2035 in Finland: trends by age, sex and educational attainment

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEKKA MARTIKAINEN ◽  
MIKE MURPHY ◽  
HETA MOUSTGAARD ◽  
JANNE MIKKONEN
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Household Structure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
Probability Forecasts

ABSTRACTChanges in household structure may have a major impact on the future wellbeing of older people. We evaluate changes in living arrangements of 65+ Finnish men and women from 1987 to 2011 and project living arrangements to 2035 by education level. We use an 11 per cent longitudinal sample of Finns drawn from the population registration data. We estimate proportions in various living arrangements and multi-state life table estimates of years lived in particular states. Projections are based on dynamic transition probability forecasts with constant and changing rates. We show that women more than men tend to live alone at older ages. These proportions are likely to start to decline slowly among women, particularly at 80+, but increase or stabilise among men. Apart from living with a marital or co-habiting partner, other living arrangements are growing increasingly rare. The number of basic educated older people is declining rapidly. Educational differences in living arrangements are modest among women, but among men living with a partner is more common among the higher educated. Future living arrangements of older people are strongly determined by past partnership behaviour and future changes in mortality. If life expectancy differences between men and women continue to converge, so will sex differences in the remaining years of life spent living with a partner.

A Spatial Analysis of Male and Female Unemployment in the USA

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Edmund J. Zolnik
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The U.S

An analysis of male and female unemployment in the U.S. explores how gender affects spatial variation in unemployment. The effects of spatially-unlagged and spatially-lagged unemployment rates on the likelihood that individual men and women are unemployed are also explored. Using a recent tabulation of microdata from the American Community Survey, multilevel models of male and female unemployment are fit. Results indicate that age and occupation at the individual-level and a right-to-work dummy at the PUMA-level are the variables that best distinguish unemployed men and women. Results also indicate that unemployment for men is more clustered in space than unemployment for women. Finally, results indicate that the vast majority of the variation in unemployment for individuals in the U.S. is attributable to the personal characteristics of unemployed men and women, not the locational characteristics of high-unemployment places. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of the latter result.

Transition Probability Analysis for Piezoceramic Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 1286-1290
Author(s):  
Yun Mei Fang ◽  
Jun Tao Fei
Keyword(s):  
Transition Probability ◽  
Constitutive Relations ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Probability Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Homogenization ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Field Displacement ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Energy Relations

In this paper, transition probability analysis for piezoceramic actuators is presented. Nonlinear constitutive equations and resulting system models quantifying the non-linear and hysteretic field-displacement relations inherent to piezoceramic elements are developed. In the model development, lattice-level energy relations are combined with stochastic homogenization techniques to construct non-linear constitutive relations which accommodate the piezoceramic hysteresis. Simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the theoretical model development using transition probability analysis.

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