Smokescreens in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Neff ◽  
Jeffrey Blomster ◽  
Michael D. Glascock ◽  
Ronald L. Bishop ◽  
M. James Blackman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
San Lorenzo ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Ceramic Sourcing ◽  
Made In ◽  
Early Formative

AbstractWe are glad that Sharer et al. (this issue) have dropped their original claim that the INAA data demonstrate multidirectional movement of Early Formative pottery. Beyond this, however, they offer nothing that might enhance understanding of Early Formative ceramic circulation or inspire new insights into Early Formative cultural evolution in Mesoamerica. Instead, their response contains fresh distortions, replications of mistakes made in their PNAS articles, and lengthy passages that are irrelevant to the issues raised by Neff et al. (this issue). We correct and recorrect their latest distortions and misunderstandings here. Besides showing why their discussion of ceramic sourcing repeatedly misses the mark, we also correct a number of erroneous assertions about the archaeology of Olmec San Lorenzo. New evidence deepens understanding of Early Formative Mesoamerica but requires that some researchers discard cherished beliefs.

A Story of Us

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Newson ◽  
Peter Richerson
Keyword(s):  
Human Evolution ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Evolutionary Path ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Science Book ◽  
Early Humans ◽  
Last Ice Age ◽  
New Evidence

It’s time for a new story of our origins. One reason is that there a great deal of new evidence about what humans are like and the conditions that shaped human evolution. Another is that the thinking on human evolution has shifted. Evolutionists recognize that humans are very different from other animals, and they have been working to explain the different evolutionary path that humans took. There are still many gaps in the story, but this book describes seven points in our ancestors’ tale and explains the evidence behind these descriptions. The story begins seven million years ago, with the life of our ape ancestors, which were also the ancestors of today’s chimpanzees and bonobos. The second point is three million years ago with an ape that walked upright and lived outside the forest. Then follows a description of the life of early humans who lived one and a half million years ago. At the fourth point, 100,000 years ago, humans lived in Africa who were physically very similar to modern humans. The fifth is 30,000 years ago, during the last ice age, when our ancestors had evolved more complex cultures. The sixth is the period of accelerating cultural evolution that began as the planet started to recover from this ice age. Finally, beginning in the 1700s, there is the transformational period we are in now, which we call “modern times.” The style of this book is unusual for a science book because it has narrative sections that illustrate the lives of our ancestors and the problems they faced.

A SAN LORENZO PHASE HOUSEHOLD ASSEMBLAGE FROM EL REMOLINO, VERACRUZ

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J. Wendt
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Future Research ◽  
San Lorenzo ◽  
Preliminary Attempt ◽  
Gulf Coast Region ◽  
Coast Region ◽  
Early Formative

AbstractWhile scholars actively search for material and symbolic indications of Olmec influence outside the Gulf Coast, few have taken a close look at the variation and intricacies of Early Formative period material culture within the Gulf Coast region. The increasing body of data on houses in the Olmec heartland is beginning to allow comparisons and new kinds of analyses not previously possible in Olmec studies. Excavated materials from San Lorenzo phase (1200–900b.c., radiocarbon years; 1400–1000b.c.) households at El Remolino in the San Lorenzo region are analyzed in a preliminary attempt to evaluate the particulars of a San Lorenzo Olmec domestic assemblage in order to provide a baseline for future research. I compare quantities of different artifact classes, vessel forms, vessel orifice diameters, and pottery decoration to arrive at an understanding of a modest Olmec household inventory. Through this analysis, I argue that several of the San Lorenzo horizon markers cited as evidence of Olmec influence or migration elsewhere in Mesoamerica are quite rare in the Olmec heartland itself. Both Calzadas Carved and Limón Carved-Incised pottery decorations1occur only in minute quantities (<1%) in the Remolino (and San Lorenzo) assemblage, and hollow white-ware figurines are entirely absent at this nonelite context. Except for its location 5 km from San Lorenzo, El Remolino would not qualify as an Olmec site based on the lack of artifact markers emphasized by archaeologists working outside of the Gulf Coast. I argue that we need a better idea of the range of Gulf Coast Olmec variation before we delve too far into discussions of Gulf Coast influence.

Redesigning the health visiting service offer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 261-262
Author(s):  
Judy Brook
Keyword(s):  
New Evidence ◽  
Made In

Judy Brook discusses the importance of evaluating the changes that have been made in practice during the pandemic, and of the need to use new evidence to design flexible, efficient and effective health visiting provision

EARLY FORMATIVE ANTHROPOMORPHIC FIGURINES FROM LA JOYA, SOUTHERN VERACRUZ, MEXICO

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Arnold ◽  
Billie J. A. Follensbee
Keyword(s):  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
North Central ◽  
San Lorenzo ◽  
La Joya ◽  
Early Formative

AbstractThis paper describes Early Formative (3250–2700b.p., uncalibrated) anthropomorphic figurines from the site of La Joya, located in the Tuxtla Mountains of southern Veracruz, Mexico. Although recovered within the region traditionally identified as the “Olmec Heartland,” the La Joya figurine collection diverges in some fundamental ways from other published Early Formative Gulf Olmec collections. While the torsos from La Joya generally reflect the poses, postures, and costumes noted at contemporaneous sites, the La Joya figurine heads display characteristics that rarely conform to the traditional “San Lorenzo” stylistic canons. Rather, the overwhelming majority of figurine heads are similar to the Trapiche figurines from north-central Veracruz. These differences suggest that myriad intra- and interregional connections characterized Early Formative occupation along the southern Gulf lowlands. This variation also raises concerns regarding the suitability of the San Lorenzo material as necessarily “representative” of Early Formative Gulf Olmec lifeways.

Rational belief

1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry E. Kyburg
Keyword(s):  
Inductive Logic ◽  
Bayes Theorem ◽  
Rational Belief ◽  
Degrees Of Belief ◽  
Probability Calculus ◽  
Probabilistic Rule ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Normative Content ◽  
Interval Valued ◽  
Made In

AbstractThere is a tension between normative and descriptive elements in the theory of rational belief. This tension has been reflected in work in psychology and decision theory as well as in philosophy. Canons of rationality should be tailored to what is humanly feasible. But rationality has normative content as well as descriptive content.A number of issues related to both deductive and inductive logic can be raised. Are there full beliefs – statements that are categorically accepted? Should statements be accepted when they become overwhelmingly probable? What is the structure imposed on these beliefs by rationality? Are they consistent? Are they deductively closed? What parameters, if any, does rational acceptance depend on? How can accepted statements come to be rejected on new evidenceShould degrees of belief satisfy the probability calculus? Does conformity to the probability calculus exhaust the rational constraints that can be imposed on partial beliefs? With the acquisition of new evidence, should beliefs change in accord with Bayes' theorem? Are decisions made in accord with the principle of maximizing expected utility? Should they be?A systematic set of answers to these questions is developed on the basis of a probabilistic rule of acceptance and a conception of interval-valued logical probability according to which probabilities are based on known frequencies. This leads to limited deductive closure, a demand for only limited consistency, and the rejection of Bayes' theorem as universally applicable to changes of belief. It also becomes possible, given new evidence, to reject previously accepted statements.

scholarly journals From Motherhood to Fatherhood: The Eclipse of Reason in the Taviani Brothers’ Tu ridi

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Manuela Gieri
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
San Lorenzo ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Made In

The paper presents an in-depth analysis of Tu ridi, a free adaptation of some of Luigi Pirandello’s short stories, realized by Paolo and Vittorio Taviani in 1998. Within a filmography largely characterized by an attention to the historical, social, and political transformations that Italy experienced over the second half of the twentieth century, special attention should be paid to the films the Tavianis made in a close dialogue with literature, a closeness that has always been particularly fortunate for both art forms. Over the decades, they have recurrently practised the art of adaptation bringing to the screen, among other literary texts, several of Luigi Pirandello’s short stories in films such as Tu ridi, and Kaos (1984). Unquestionably, literature has often been instrumental for the Tavianis’ investigation of reality, and my analysis will place in a close dialogue Tu ridi, their 1982 film La notte di San Lorenzo and, last but not least, Kaos, since in all tthree works the Tavianis’ agenda seems to be the same: to interrogate and overturn official historical discourse in order to unveil the complex and multifaceted truth that lies under the surface of things, and thus to rewrite the very narration about Neorealism and its overcoming.

scholarly journals Effect of Erythropoietin Stimulating Agents on Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Hemodialysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asad Khan ◽  
Somia Iqtadar ◽  
Yasir Shafi ◽  
Sajid Abaidullah ◽  
Aasma Refai
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Erythropoietin Stimulating Agents ◽  
Made In

Objectives:  Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) develop anemia which is treated with erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs). However, ESAs do not reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality. Furthermore, this is unclear whether ESAs therapy has any association with adverse cardiovascular events.Methods:  After an informed consent 275 male and female patients, between ages 35 to 75 years, with CKD stage V on ESAs undergoing twice weekly hemodialysis were enrolled. The dose of ESAs was calculated according to weight as 50mg/kg with target hemoglobin being 11 – 12 g/dl. Dose adjustments were made in the patients who failed to achieve target hemoglobin. The patients were followed for a year with the primary end point being new evidence of acute myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosed through ECG or echocardiography. Safety outcomes included stroke or death.Results:  The data was entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18Out of 275 patients, 164 (59.6%) patients were males and 111 (40.4%) were females. Mean age of the patients was 51.52 with standard deviation of ± 5.73. According to the results, 52 (18.9%) patients reported with MI and 223 (81.1%) patients had no evidence of MI. Out of 52 patients who had MI, 37 (71.1%) were males and 15 (28.8%) patients were female.Conclusion:  ESAs are associated with an increased risk of MI in CKD patients on hemodialysis. Whether there is a direct association or there are other factors involved remains to be seen.

scholarly journals Commissioning and Use of Charts Made in Majorca c.1400: New Evidence from a Tuscan Merchant’s Archive

Imago Mundi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Ingrid Houssaye Michienzi ◽  
Emmanuelle Vagnon
Keyword(s):  
New Evidence ◽  
Made In

Insights into the Earliest Formative Period of Coastal Ecuador: New Evidence and Radiocarbon Dates from the Real Alto Site

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey V Tabarev ◽  
Yoshitaka Kanomata ◽  
Jorge G Marcos ◽  
Alexander N Popov ◽  
Boris V Lazin
Keyword(s):  
Las Vegas ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
South American ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
American Archaeology ◽  
The Real ◽  
Local Origin ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
South American Archaeology ◽  
Early Formative

AbstractOne of the most intriguing questions of South American archaeology is the time, place, and origin of the earliest pottery. Since the late 1950s, the earliest pottery has been attributed to the materials of the Early Formative Valdivia culture (5600–3500 BP), coastal Ecuador. Excavations at the Real Alto site conducted in the 1970s and 1980s allowed the rejection of the spectacular “Jomon–Valdivia” hypothesis and established a local origin of the phenomenon. Recent radiocarbon dates from a joint Russian–Japanese–Ecuadorian project at Real Alto open a new page in our knowledge of the transition from pre-ceramic Las Vegas to ceramic Valdivia cultures.

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