Increased Relative Frequency of Dark Morph Females in the Tiger Swallowtail Papilio glaucus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in S-Central Florida

1987 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Lederhouse ◽  
J. Mark Scriber
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Papilio Glaucus ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Tiger Swallowtail

Heterochromatin polymorphism and colour pattern in the tiger swallowtail butterfly Papilio glaucus L.

Nature ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 263 (5578) ◽  
pp. 585-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. CLARKE ◽  
P. M. SHEPPARD ◽  
URSULA MITTWOCH
Keyword(s):  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Papilio Glaucus ◽  
Swallowtail Butterfly ◽  
Heterochromatin Polymorphism ◽  
Tiger Swallowtail

Regulation of dopa decarboxylase expression during colour pattern formation in wild-type and melanic tiger swallowtail butterflies

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (12) ◽  
pp. 2303-2313 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.B. Koch ◽  
D.N. Keys ◽  
T. Rocheleau ◽  
K. Aronstein ◽  
M. Blackburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Enzyme Synthesis ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Dopa Decarboxylase ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Papilio Glaucus ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Pigment Synthesis ◽  
Tiger Swallowtail

The eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly Papilio glaucus shows a striking example of Batesian mimicry. In this species, females are either wild type (yellow and black) or melanic (where most of the yellow colour is replaced by black). In order to understand how these different colour patterns are regulated, we examined the temporal order of wing pigment synthesis via precursor incorporation studies, enzyme assays, and in situ hybridisation to mRNA encoding a key enzyme, dopa decarboxylase. We show that dopa decarboxylase provides dopamine to both of the two major colour pigments, papiliochrome (yellow) and melanin (black). Interestingly, however, dopa decarboxylase activity is spatially and temporally regulated, being utilised early in presumptive yellow tissues and later in black. Further, in melanic females, both dopa decarboxylase activity and early papiliochrome synthesis are suppressed in the central forewing and this normally yellow area is later melanised. These results show that the regulation of enzyme synthesis observed in the yellow/black pattern of a single wing, is similar to that involved in melanism. We infer that dopa decarboxylase activity must be regulated in concert with downstream enzymes of either the melanin and/or the papiliochrome specific pathways, forming part of a developmental switch between yellow or black. This modification of multiple enzyme activities in concert is consistent with a model of melanisation involving coordinate regulation of the underlying synthetic pathways by a single Y-linked (female) factor.

scholarly journals Node Type Development of Four Low-chill Peach Cultivars at Three Locations in Florida

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1592-1595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd W. Wert ◽  
Jeffrey G. Williamson ◽  
Jose X. Chaparro ◽  
E. Paul Miller ◽  
Robert E. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
North Central ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Southwest Florida ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Node Type ◽  
Node Formation

The effect of climate was observed on the relative frequency of vegetative and floral buds in four low-chill peach cultivars (‘Flordaprince’, ‘Flordaglo’, ‘UFGold’, and ‘TropicBeauty’). The trees were planted in north–central, central, and southwest Florida. The percentage of blind nodes, mixed nodes (nodes with vegetative and floral buds), and nodes with only vegetative buds were determined from three representative shoots per tree at each location. In general, higher percentages of blind nodes were observed in central and southwest Florida and higher percentages of mixed nodes were observed in north–central Florida. ‘TropicBeauty’ tended to have a greater percentage of blind nodes than the other cultivars. Higher temperatures during bud formation most likely contributed to the increased amounts of blind nodes observed in the central and southwest locations and to the reduced amounts of mixed nodes. However, stresses imposed by bacterial spot and hurricanes may have contributed to the higher incidence of blind nodes in 2005. Our results indicate that certain genotypes have a predisposition for the formation of blind nodes. Advanced selections having low chilling requirements and potentially being adapted to a wide diversity of tropical or subtropical climates need to be tested in multiple locations to evaluate blind node formation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document