The Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) Seed Shadow along a Fenceline

1985 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthonie M. A. Holthuijzen ◽  
Terry L. Sharik
Keyword(s):  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Seed Shadow ◽  
Red Cedar

Small-scale distribution and salinity response of Juniperus virginiana on an Atlantic Coast barrier island

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Martin ◽  
Donald R. Young
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Rooting Zone ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Salinity Response

A field and laboratory study examined the hypothesis that the small-scale distribution pattern of Juniperus virginiana on barrier islands is related to salinity patterns and plant responses to salinity. Temporal (May – October) and spatial variability in ground water availability, ground water salinity, and total soil chlorides were quantified across a Virginia barrier island. Groundwater depth and salinity increased throughout the summer; microtopographic position and location on the island also affected soil salinities. Highest salinities occurred near the ocean side beach and bay side marsh, as well as in low lying swales that flood during extreme high tides or storms. Median rooting zone chloride level for J. virginiana was 54 μg/g. In contrast, laboratory germination and growth studies indicated that J. virginiana was significantly affected only at high salinity levels (1000 and 1400 μg/g), suggesting that salinity is not the only factor regulating small-scale distribution patterns. The broad tolerance to salinity may account for the abundance of J. virginiana in coastal environments. Key words: barrier island, eastern red cedar, Juniperus virginiana, salinity response, water relations.

Dispersal of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) into pastures: an overview

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1092-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthonie M. A. Holthuijzen ◽  
Terry L. Sharik ◽  
James D. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Eastern Red Cedar ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Seed Shadows ◽  
Recovered Material

Seed dispersal, predispersal and postdispersal seed predation, seed dormancy, and germination were followed for four cone-bearing eastern red cedar trees (Juniperus virginiana L.), a predominantly avian-dispersed plant species, in pastures in southwest Virginia from June 1981 through May 1982. Within 12 m from the source trees, 34.7% of the total cone crop was recovered. Recovered material consisted of unripe cones, ripe cones, parasitized cones, and pulpless seeds evacuated by birds, averaging 17.9, 11.6, 1.0, and 4.2%, respectively, of the cone crop. Predispersal avian predation of seeds accounted for 3.1% of the cone crop. After 1 year 0.9% of the cones remained on the trees. The remaining 61.3% of the cone crop was dispersed at least 12 m from the source trees. Less than 3% of the cone crop is likely to germinate within 12 m of the source trees, while about 25% is likely to germinate at greater distances. Red cedar seeds passed unharmed through the digestive tract of avian dispersers and showed greater total germination than manually depulped seeds. Red cedar seed banks were not found under a chronosequence of red cedar stands; seeds generally lost their viability within one growing season. Seed shadows decreased exponentially with distance from cone-bearing trees. A similar distribution function was reflected in the spatial distribution of red cedar cohorts colonizing pastures near source trees. The large cone crop, diverse avian disperser assemblage, physiological adaptation of red cedar to open, xeric sites, and availability of seed sources in fence rows contribute to the successful invasion of pastures by this species.

scholarly journals Juniperus virginiana as an Alternative to Pine Bark in Nursery Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Lucy E. Edwards ◽  
Charles H. Gilliam ◽  
Glenn B. Fain ◽  
Jeff L. Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Locally Grown ◽  
Ornamental Species

Pine bark has been the standard container nursery substrate for nearly forty years. However, due to the decline in the timber industry and fluctuations in fuel prices, alternative substrates and amendments are being sought by growers and researchers. This study evaluated locally grown eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) as a potential alternative to pine bark in nursery production of 10 ornamental species. For seven of the species evaluated, growth indices for plants in 100% cedar were similar to those in 100% pine bark. ‘August Beauty’ gardenia grown in up to 80% cedar was comparable to plants grown in pine bark. Species that have lower pH requirements did not perform as well in substrates amended with high cedar percentages. ‘Premier’ blueberry did not grow well in cedar above 20%. Root growth for seven of the species in cedar was similar to or greater than those grown in 100% pine bark. ‘Formosa’ azalea and ‘Burgundy’ loropetalum showed slight variations in root growth above 10% cedar. These data conclude that cedar has potential as an amendment to pine bark in nursery production.

scholarly journals Postharvest Drying of Leyland Cypress, Eastern Red Cedar, and Fraser Fir Christmas Trees

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Eric Hinesley ◽  
Layne K. Snelling
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
Fraser Fir ◽  
Eastern Red Cedar ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Christmas Trees ◽  
Xylem Pressure Potential ◽  
Better Than

Postharvest drying of Leyland cypress [× Cupressocyparis leylandii (A.B. Jacks. & Dallim.)] branches was intermediate between eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) and Fraser fir [Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.] in two laboratory experiments. Leyland cypress rehydrated without adverse effect until xylem pressure potential reached –4.0 to –5.0 MPa (shoot moisture content = 60% to 65%). For branches continuously maintained in water, Fraser fir and Leyland cypress kept equally well over 4 weeks of display, but Leyland cypress lasted longer than Fraser fir over 8 weeks. Postharvest keeping quality of Leyland cypress and Fraser fir was better than that of eastern red cedar.

An odor-reducing, low dust-forming, clumping cat litter produced from Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) wood fibers and biochar1

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 112224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven F. Vaughn ◽  
Jill K. Winkler-Moser ◽  
Mark A. Berhow ◽  
Jeffrey A. Byars ◽  
Sean X. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Eastern Red Cedar ◽  
Red Cedar

scholarly journals Phytohormone profiling reveals fungal signatures and strong manipulation of infection cycle in the Gymnosporangium juniper-virginianae dual-host plant system

Botany ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Moffatt ◽  
Carolina Monroy Flores ◽  
Peter Andreas ◽  
Anna Kisiala ◽  
R.J. Neil Emery
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Endogenous Cytokinins ◽  
Host Infection ◽  
Mill Control

The aim of this work was to examine the function of phytohormones in the pathogenesis of cedar-apple rust, a fungal disease caused by Gymnosporangium juniper-virginianae Schwein. on Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) and crabapple trees (Malus spp. Mill.). Control cedar branchlets, gall tissues, fungal telial horns, as well as healthy and infected apple leaves were collected throughout fungal and plant development and used for profiling endogenous cytokinins (CK) and abscisic acid (ABA) by high performance liquid chromatography – electrospray ionization – tandem mass spectrometry. Phytohormone composition implicates cytokinin involvement in the development of rust infection. Moreover, increased levels of total CKs, as well as the unique profiles of sporulating galls on cedar trees, telial horns, and infected apple leaves, dominated by cis-Zeatin type CK, suggest that the fungus can synthesize hormones to facilitate the infection process. Distribution of ABA in the fungal and plant tissues indicates an important function of this stress hormone in regulating rapid changes in osmotic pressure during teliospore production by the galls. This study of the cedar-apple rust disease cycle is the first elucidation of phytohormones profiling between a pathogenic fungus and the attacked plant in a dual-host infection system.

scholarly journals The most frequent parasitic and saprophytic fungi on some species in the fam. Cupressaceae

2003 ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Milijasevic
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Seiridium Cardinale ◽  
Artificial Inoculations ◽  
Pinus Spp

The parasitic and saprophytic mycoflora was inventoried on three species in the fam. Cupressaaceae (Cupressus sempervirens, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana and Juniperus virginiana) in Serbia and Montenegro. The greatest number of fungi was recorded on eastern red cedar, but they were mainly the parasites of weakness or saprophytes. The greatest damage on cypress is caused by the pathogenic fungus Seiridium cardinale - agent of bark necrosis and canker. Sphaeropsis sapinea, the pathogen of many coniferous species, was identified on all three hosts on which it does not cause great harm. The study of the morphological characteristics of the fungus on these host plants and the comparative analysis with the morphological characteristics of the same fungus on Pinus spp. shows a difference between them. The study of S. sapinea pathogenicity by artificial inoculations of Austrian pine seedlings in the controlled conditions shows that the isolate of the fungus from cypress can cause infection of uninjured P. nigra shoots.

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