Intraspecific Variation in Sex Allocation in a Simultaneous Hermaphrodite: The Effect of Individual Size

Evolution ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Petersen ◽  
Eric A. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite ◽  
Individual Size

scholarly journals Different effects of mating group size as male and as female on sex allocation in a simultaneous hermaphrodite

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2492-2498
Author(s):  
Masami M. Tamechika ◽  
Kohei Matsuno ◽  
Satoshi Wada ◽  
Yoichi Yusa
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite ◽  
Mating Group

Adaptive Sex Allocation in a Simultaneous Hermaphrodite

Evolution ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Trouve ◽  
Joseph Jourdane ◽  
Francois Renaud ◽  
Patrick Durand ◽  
Serge Morand
Keyword(s):  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite

scholarly journals ADAPTIVE SEX ALLOCATION IN A SIMULTANEOUS HERMAPHRODITE

Evolution ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1599-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Trouvé ◽  
Joseph Jourdane ◽  
François Renaud ◽  
Patrick Durand ◽  
Serge Morand
Keyword(s):  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite

scholarly journals Sex allocation predicts mating rate in a simultaneous hermaphrodite

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1676) ◽  
pp. 4247-4253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Janicke ◽  
Lukas Schärer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Mating Strategy ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite ◽  
Female Function ◽  
Sexual Selection Theory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodites

Sexual selection theory for separate-sexed animals predicts that the sexes differ in the benefit they can obtain from multiple mating. Conventional sex roles assume that the relationship between the number of mates and the fitness of an individual is steeper in males compared with females. Under these conditions, males are expected to be more eager to mate, whereas females are expected to be choosier. Here we hypothesize that the sex allocation, i.e. the reproductive investment devoted to the male versus female function, can be an important predictor of the mating strategy in simultaneous hermaphrodites. We argue that within-species variation in sex allocation can cause differences in the proportional fitness gain derived through each sex function. Individuals should therefore adjust their mating strategy in a way that is more beneficial to the sex function that is relatively more pronounced. To test this, we experimentally manipulated the sex allocation in a simultaneously hermaphroditic flatworm and investigated whether this affects the mating behaviour. The results demonstrate that individuals with a more male-biased sex allocation (i.e. relatively large testes and small ovaries) are more eager to mate compared with individuals with a more female-biased sex allocation (i.e. relatively small testes and large ovaries). We argue that this pattern is comparable to conventional gender roles in separate-sexed organisms.

scholarly journals Evolution of sex allocation plasticity and its predictors in a flatworm genus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya Singh ◽  
Lukas Schärer
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Mating Strategy ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Standardized Effect Sizes ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodites ◽  
Reciprocal Mating

AbstractLocal sperm competition (LSC), which occurs when related sperm compete for access to a given set of eggs, can influence sex allocation (SA) in simultaneous hermaphrodites. Different factors that have been predicted to affect LSC—and hence, optimal SA—include the mating strategy (such as reciprocal mating vs. hypodermic insemination) and the ability to self-fertilize. Moreover, the level of LSC experienced could vary temporally and/or spatially, favouring the evolution of SA plasticity. However, it is unknown how the mating strategy and ability to self-fertilize can influence SA and SA plasticity. Here, we explored this by collecting estimates of SA and SA plasticity for seven species of the flatworm genus, Macrostomum, and performing analyses while controlling for phylogeny. While we found substantial interspecific variation in SA, neither the mating strategy nor the ability to self-fertilize had a significant effect on SA. Next, we estimated standardized effect sizes for SA plasticity in response to i) the presence of mating partners and ii) the strength of LSC for each species, and tested if the mating strategy or ability to self-fertilize predicted these effect sizes. We found considerable interspecific variation in SA plasticity, with some species being highly plastic and others showing no significant plasticity. Moreover, self-fertilization predicted SA plasticity with respect to the presence of mating partners, with SA plasticity being lower for self-fertilizing species. Finally, we showed that interspecific variation in SA is nearly three times higher than intraspecific variation, suggesting that SA estimates in field-collected specimens can, at least to some degree, be interpreted as representing interspecific rather than intraspecific variation. Our study suggests that both SA and SA plasticity can evolve rapidly, with self-fertilization being an important predictor for the latter in Macrostomum.

scholarly journals Sex allocation plasticity on a transcriptome scale: Socially sensitive gene expression in a simultaneous hermaphrodite

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 2321-2341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Ramm ◽  
Birgit Lengerer ◽  
Roberto Arbore ◽  
Robert Pjeta ◽  
Julia Wunderer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite

scholarly journals Size-dependent sex allocation in a simultaneous hermaphrodite parasite

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Schärer ◽  
L. M. Karlsson ◽  
M. Christen ◽  
C. Wedekind
Keyword(s):  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite ◽  
Size Dependent
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