Sexual Dichromatism in Birds: Importance of Nest Predation and Nest Location for Females Versus Males

Evolution ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 2454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Martin ◽  
Alexander V. Badyaev
Keyword(s):  
Nest Predation ◽  
Sexual Dichromatism ◽  
Nest Location

Spatial and temporal patterns of predation of simulated sage grouse nests at high and low nest densities: an experimental study

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 819-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal D. Niemuth ◽  
Mark S. Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Nest Predation ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Centrocercus Urophasianus ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Sage Grouse ◽  
Nest Location ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Predation Intensity

We examined patterns of predation on 252 simulated sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) nests placed at two densities around six active leks in southeastern Wyoming, U.S.A. Predation intensity, as measured by the frequency of multiple-nest predation events, was significantly greater at high-density sites, implying enhanced prey capture (functional and (or) numerical response) by predators. Significant spatial aggregation of nest predation further implies enhanced prey capture by predators at high prey densities. Predation varied significantly among sites, but there were no significant first-order differences in predation between densities. Predation was also significantly affected by year–density and site–year–density interactions. Several factors, including nest cover, prey defense mechanisms, study site location, nest location, year, search methods of predators, number of predators, and random encounter may inhibit or confound density-dependent nest predation. Enhanced prey capture provides a mechanism for density-dependent population regulation.

scholarly journals Avoidance of high-risk linear structures by Skylarks in the early breeding season and implications for conservation management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Püttmanns ◽  
Niko Balkenhol ◽  
Tim Filla ◽  
Angela Görlich ◽  
Frank Roeles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Nest Site ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Nest Site Selection ◽  
Linear Structures ◽  
Nest Location ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Nesting Sites

AbstractLinear structures in winter cereals like tramlines are frequently used but high-risk nesting sites for Eurasian Skylarks when crop vegetation becomes impenetrable during May. However, their influence on nest-site selection before vegetation greatly limits choice is less studied. Between 2017 and 2019, we located 32 nests in winter cereals during the early breeding season and show that Skylarks nested 2 m further away from linear structures than expected if nest location was random. We interpret this avoidance as anti-predation behavior and propose additional tramline fragments for conservation management. Moreover, we confirm earlier findings about a higher nest predation risk on linear structures and a shifting of nesting sites towards them in the later breeding season.

Nest-predation at the edge: an experimental study contrasting two types of edges in the dry Chaco, Paraguay

Ecography ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 742-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena M. Eriksson ◽  
Lars Edenius ◽  
Veronika Areskoug ◽  
Dennis A. Meritt Jr
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Nest Predation

Elevated nest predation risk promotes offspring size variation in birds with prolonged parental care.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen F. Wagner ◽  
Emeline Mourocq ◽  
Michael Griesser
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Offspring Size ◽  
Natural Predation ◽  
Risk Spreading

Predation of offspring is the main cause of reproductive failure in many species, and the mere fear of offspring predation shapes reproductive strategies. Yet, natural predation risk is ubiquitously variable and can be unpredictable. Consequently, the perceived prospect of predation early in a reproductive cycle may not reflect the actual risk to ensuing offspring. An increased variance in investment across offspring has been linked to breeding in unpredictable environments in several taxa, but has so far been overlooked as a maternal response to temporal variation in predation risk. Here, we experimentally increased the perceived risk of nest predation prior to egg-laying in seven bird species. Species with prolonged parent-offspring associations increased their intra-brood variation in egg, and subsequently offspring, size. High risk to offspring early in a reproductive cycle can favour a risk-spreading strategy particularly in species with the greatest opportunity to even out offspring quality after fledging.

scholarly journals Glucocorticoids, state-dependent reproductive investment and success in the face of danger in a long-lived bird

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Noreikienė ◽  
Kim Jaatinen ◽  
Benjamin B. Steele ◽  
Markus Öst
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Relative Telomere Length ◽  
Future Reproduction

AbstractGlucocorticoid hormones may mediate trade-offs between current and future reproduction. However, understanding their role is complicated by predation risk, which simultaneously affects the value of the current reproductive investment and elevates glucocorticoid levels. Here, we shed light on these issues in long-lived female Eiders (Somateria mollissima) by investigating how current reproductive investment (clutch size) and hatching success relate to faecal glucocorticoid metabolite [fGCM] level and residual reproductive value (minimum years of breeding experience, body condition, relative telomere length) under spatially variable predation risk. Our results showed a positive relationship between colony-specific predation risk and mean colony-specific fGCM levels. Clutch size and female fGCM were negatively correlated only under high nest predation and in females in good body condition, previously shown to have a longer life expectancy. We also found that younger females with longer telomeres had smaller clutches. The drop in hatching success with increasing fGCM levels was least pronounced under high nest predation risk, suggesting that elevated fGCM levels may allow females to ensure some reproductive success under such conditions. Hatching success was positively associated with female body condition, with relative telomere length, particularly in younger females, and with female minimum age, particularly under low predation risk, showing the utility of these metrics as indicators of individual quality. In line with a trade-off between current and future reproduction, our results show that high potential for future breeding prospects and increased predation risk shift the balance toward investment in future reproduction, with glucocorticoids playing a role in the resolution of this trade-off.

Interactive effects of habitat attributes and predator identity explain avian nest predation patterns

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
M. Soledad Vazquez ◽  
Lucía B. Zamora-Nasca ◽  
Mariano A. Rodriguez-Cabal ◽  
Guillermo C. Amico
Keyword(s):  
Nest Predation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Predator Identity ◽  
Avian Nest

Conditioned food aversion reduces crow nest predation: An improved framework for CFA trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 125970
Author(s):  
Angela J. Ferguson ◽  
Robert L. Thomson ◽  
Martha J. Nelson-Flower ◽  
Thomas P. Flower
Keyword(s):  
Nest Predation ◽  
Food Aversion ◽  
Conditioned Food Aversion

Landscape features associated to wind farms increase mammalian predator abundance and ground-nest predation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Gómez-Catasús ◽  
Adrián Barrero ◽  
Margarita Reverter ◽  
Daniel Bustillo-de la Rosa ◽  
Cristian Pérez-Granados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nest Predation ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Mammalian Predator ◽  
Predator Abundance
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