Reaction Norms of Morphological and Life-History Traits to Light Availability in Impatiens capensis

Evolution ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Reaction Norms ◽  
Impatiens Capensis

scholarly journals Dopamine mediates life-history responses to food abundance in Daphnia

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1930) ◽  
pp. 20201069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semona Issa ◽  
Marlène Gamelon ◽  
Tomasz Maciej Ciesielski ◽  
Kristine Vike-Jonas ◽  
Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Food Abundance ◽  
Reaction Norms ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Dopamine System ◽  
Food Ration ◽  
Endogenous Dopamine ◽  
Wide Range

Expression of adaptive reaction norms of life-history traits to spatio-temporal variation in food availability is crucial for individual fitness. Yet little is known about the neural signalling mechanisms underlying these reaction norms. Previous studies suggest a role for the dopamine system in regulating behavioural and morphological responses to food across a wide range of taxa. We tested whether this neural signalling system also regulates life-history reaction norms by exposing the zooplankton Daphnia magna to both dopamine and the dopamine reuptake inhibitor bupropion, an antidepressant that enters aquatic environments via various pathways. We recorded a range of life-history traits across two food levels. Both treatments induced changes to the life-history reaction norm slopes. These were due to the effects of the treatments being more pronounced at restricted food ration, where controls had lower somatic growth rates, higher age and larger size at maturation. This translated into a higher population growth rate ( r ) of dopamine and bupropion treatments when food was restricted. Our findings show that the dopamine system is an important regulatory mechanism underlying life-history trait responses to food abundance and that bupropion can strongly influence the life history of aquatic species such as D. magna . We discuss why D. magna do not evolve towards higher endogenous dopamine levels despite the apparent fitness benefits.

scholarly journals Reaction norms of life history traits in response to zinc inThlaspi caerulescensfrom metalliferous and nonmetalliferous sites

2006 ◽  
Vol 173 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Dechamps ◽  
Claude Lefèbvre ◽  
Nausicaa Noret ◽  
Pierre Meerts
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Reaction Norms

scholarly journals Experimental Treatment with a Hypomethylating Agent Alters Life History Traits and Fitness in Brassica rapa

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J. Kottler ◽  
Acer VanWallendael ◽  
Steven J. Franks
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Rapid Cycling ◽  
Dna Hypomethylation ◽  
Differential Growth

Epigenetic modifications to DNA can be inherited and may play a key role in evolution, with epigenetic influences on life history traits such as the timing of germination and flowering thought to be particularly important in plants. However, few studies have examined the effects of epigenetic modifications through experimental alteration of the methylome under differential growth conditions. In this study, we chemically induced global DNA hypomethylation using 5-azacytidine in three Brassica rapa plant populations differing in life history characteristics and under differing photoperiod treatments. We found that our 5-azacytidine treatment affected the timing of germination and that this effect differed across populations, with the treatment delaying germination in B. rapa Fast Plants, which have been artificially selected for rapid cycling, but accelerating germination in biennials. Rapid cycling B. rapa plants also were smaller and had lower reproductive fitness under the experimental demethylation treatment. There was no main effect of demethylation or photoperiod on flowering time, but the interaction was marginally significant, indicating that demethylation effects on flowering time depend on photoperiod. These results demonstrate that epigenetic modifications can influence phenotypic traits in ways that are dependent on genetic identity, life history, and light availability.

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