Directional and Stabilizing Density-Dependent Natural Selection for Pupation Height in Drosophila melanogaster

Evolution ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitabh Joshi ◽  
Laurence D. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Pupation Height ◽  
Selection For

Selection for pupation height in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetica ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Garcia-Florez ◽  
P. Casares ◽  
C. Carracedo
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Pupation Height ◽  
Selection For

Density-Dependent Natural Selection in Drosophila: Evolution of Pupation Height

Evolution ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence D. Mueller ◽  
Vaughn F. Sweet
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Pupation Height

scholarly journals DENSITY-DEPENDENT NATURAL SELECTION IN DROSOPHILA : EVOLUTION OF PUPATION HEIGHT

Evolution ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1354-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence D. Mueller ◽  
Vaughn F. Sweet
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Pupation Height

GENETIC HOMEOSTASIS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Walton
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diallel Crosses ◽  
Additive Component ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Genetic Homeostasis

The literature provides three explanations of the way in which genetic homeostasis functions. An attempt was made to determine which of these was applicable to the changes which occurred when selection for geotaxis was relaxed in certain strains of Drosophila melonogaster. The strains, for which selection stopped, were divided into two parts and generations were advanced in two environments. One was the same as that in which selection had been made and the other was new. When selection was relaxed strains reverted to a mean geotactic score close to that of the populations from which they had been selected. This change was more rapid in the new environment. A series of diallel crosses compared strains for which selection was continued with those for which it was relaxed. An analysis of the components of genetic variation showed that the principle change that had taken place was in the additive component of genetic variation. It was concluded that genetic homeostasis resulted from the action of natural selection on additive genetic variance, a conclusion which is in agreement with one of the three current hypotheses.

scholarly journals Density-dependent natural selection mediates harvest-induced trait changes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alix Bouffet-Halle ◽  
Jacques Mériguet ◽  
David Carmignac ◽  
Simon Agostini ◽  
Alexis Millot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Large Body Size ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Density Dependent Selection

ABSTRACTRapid life-history changes caused by size-selective harvesting are often interpreted as a response to direct harvest selection against a large body size. However, similar trait changes may result from a harvest-induced relaxation of natural selection for a large body size via density-dependent selection. Here, we show evidence of such density-dependent selection favouring large-bodied individuals at high population densities, in replicated pond populations of medaka fish. Harvesting, in contrast, selected medaka directly against large-bodied medaka and, in parallel, decreased medaka population densities. Five years of harvesting were enough for harvested and unharvested medaka populations to inherit the classically-predicted trait differences, whereby harvested medaka grew slower and matured earlier than unharvested medaka. We demonstrate that this life-history divergence was not driven by direct harvest selection for a smaller body size in harvested populations, but by density-dependent natural selection for a larger body size in unharvested populations.

Sexual isolation between Drosophila melanogaster females and D. simulans males. II. Influence of female receptivity on hybridization

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Carracedo ◽  
P. Casares ◽  
E. San Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Sexual Isolation ◽  
Female Receptivity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Allopatric Populations ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Main Factor

Hybridization between Drosophila melanogaster females and D. simulans males was measured in sympatric and allopatric populations of these sibling species by means of nonchoice tests. Greater sexual isolation was found in allopatric populations over sympatric ones. Notable age differences at which females reached sexual maturity were detected in the D. melanogaster populations. Females with an earlier sexual maturity also showed greater receptivity. Remarkably, female receptivity was the main factor accounting for frequency of hybridization. The role that both male and female mate propensities and discrimination abilities play in natural selection for sexual isolation is discussed. Key words: sexual isolation, Drosophila, female receptivity, hybridization.

Selection for Delayed Senescence in Drosophila melanogaster

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo S. Luckinbill ◽  
Robert Arking ◽  
Michael J. Clare ◽  
William C. Cirocco ◽  
Steven A. Buck
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life History ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Delayed Senescence ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Early Fecundity

Although theories of the evolution of senescence differ in the mode of action by which genes are thought to control the aging process, they all view the rate of senescence as an adaptable feature of life history and therefore modifiable by natural selection. Tests of theory, however, have generally yielded mixed results. The life-span of Drosophila melanogaster increased strongly in populations selected for late reproduction in these experiments. Delayed senescence was accompanied by a reduced early fecundity, suggesting pleiotropic genetic control of the aging process. Reproduced by permission. Leo S. Luckinbill, Robert Arking, Michael J. Clare, William C. Cirocco, Steven A. Buck, Selection for Delayed Senescence in Drosophila melanogaster. Evolution 38 , 996-1003 (1984).

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