The Role of Courtship Songs in Reproductive Isolation among Populations of Green Lacewings of the Genus Chrysoperla (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Evolution ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Martinez Wells ◽  
Charles S. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Green Lacewings ◽  
Courtship Songs

Speciation and changes in male gene expression in Drosophila

Genome ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bahar Patlar ◽  
Alberto Civetta
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Model ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plastic Responses ◽  
Male Gene

It has long been acknowledged that changes in the regulation of gene expression may account for major organismal differences. However, we still do not fully understand how changes in gene expression evolve and how do such changes influence organisms’ differences. We are even less aware of the impact such changes might have in restricting gene flow between species. Here, we focus on studies of gene expression and speciation in the Drosophila model. We review studies that have identified gene interactions in post-mating reproductive isolation and speciation, particularly those that modulate male gene expression. We also address studies that have experimentally manipulated changes in gene expression to test their effect in post-mating reproductive isolation. We highlight the need for a more in-depth analysis of the role of selection causing disrupted gene expression of such candidate genes in sterile/inviable hybrids. Moreover, we discuss the relevance to incorporate more routinely assays that simultaneously evaluate the potential effects of environmental factors and genetic background in modulating plastic responses in male genes and their potential role in speciation.

Introgression between non-sister species of honeyeaters (Aves: Meliphagidae) several million years after speciation

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-591
Author(s):  
Leo Joseph ◽  
Alex Drew ◽  
Ian J Mason ◽  
Jeffrey L Peters
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The City

Abstract We reassessed whether two parapatric non-sister Australian honeyeater species (Aves: Meliphagidae), varied and mangrove honeyeaters (Gavicalis versicolor and G. fasciogularis, respectively), that diverged from a common ancestor c. 2.5 Mya intergrade in the Townsville area of north-eastern Queensland. Consistent with a previous specimen-based study, by using genomics methods we show one-way gene flow for autosomal but not Z-linked markers from varied into mangrove honeyeaters. Introgression barely extends south of the area of parapatry in and around the city of Townsville. While demonstrating the long-term porosity of species boundaries over several million years, our data also suggest a clear role of sex chromosomes in maintaining reproductive isolation.

scholarly journals Role of seed germination in adaptation and reproductive isolation in Arabidopsis lyrata

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3484-3496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomas Hämälä ◽  
Tiina M. Mattila ◽  
Päivi H. Leinonen ◽  
Helmi Kuittinen ◽  
Outi Savolainen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Arabidopsis Lyrata

scholarly journals Multi-locus interactions and the build-up of reproductive isolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 375 (1806) ◽  
pp. 20190543 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Satokangas ◽  
S. H. Martin ◽  
H. Helanterä ◽  
J. Saramäki ◽  
J. Kulmuni
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Hybrid Fitness ◽  
Epistatic Interactions ◽  
Genome Scans ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Polymorphism Data

All genes interact with other genes, and their additive effects and epistatic interactions affect an organism's phenotype and fitness. Recent theoretical and empirical work has advanced our understanding of the role of multi-locus interactions in speciation. However, relating different models to one another and to empirical observations is challenging. This review focuses on multi-locus interactions that lead to reproductive isolation (RI) through reduced hybrid fitness. We first review theoretical approaches and show how recent work incorporating a mechanistic understanding of multi-locus interactions recapitulates earlier models, but also makes novel predictions concerning the build-up of RI. These include high variance in the build-up rate of RI among taxa, the emergence of strong incompatibilities producing localized barriers to introgression, and an effect of population size on the build-up of RI. We then review recent experimental approaches to detect multi-locus interactions underlying RI using genomic data. We argue that future studies would benefit from overlapping methods like ancestry disequilibrium scans, genome scans of differentiation and analyses of hybrid gene expression. Finally, we highlight a need for further overlap between theoretical and empirical work, and approaches that predict what kind of patterns multi-locus interactions resulting in incompatibilities will leave in genome-wide polymorphism data. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards the completion of speciation: the evolution of reproductive isolation beyond the first barriers’.

scholarly journals The role of copy-number variation in the reinforcement of sexual isolation between the two European subspecies of the house mouse

2020 ◽  
Vol 375 (1806) ◽  
pp. 20190540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry L. North ◽  
Pierre Caminade ◽  
Dany Severac ◽  
Khalid Belkhir ◽  
Carole M. Smadja
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Copy Number Variation ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
House Mouse ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Sexual Isolation ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Tandem Duplications

Reinforcement has the potential to generate strong reproductive isolation through the evolution of barrier traits as a response to selection against maladaptive hybridization, but the genetic changes associated with this process remain largely unexplored. Building upon the increasing evidence for a role of structural variants in adaptation and speciation, we addressed the role of copy-number variation in the reinforcement of sexual isolation evidenced between the two European subspecies of the house mouse. We characterized copy-number divergence between populations of Mus musculus musculus that display assortative mate choice, and those that do not, using whole-genome resequencing data. Updating methods to detect deletions and tandem duplications (collectively: copy-number variants, CNVs) in Pool-Seq data, we developed an analytical pipeline dedicated to identifying genomic regions showing the expected pattern of copy-number displacement under a reinforcement scenario. This strategy allowed us to detect 1824 deletions and seven tandem duplications that showed extreme differences in frequency between behavioural classes across replicate comparisons. A subset of 480 deletions and four tandem duplications were specifically associated with the derived trait of assortative mate choice. These ‘Choosiness-associated’ CNVs occur in hundreds of genes. Consistent with our hypothesis, such genes included olfactory receptors potentially involved in the olfactory-based assortative mate choice in this system as well as one gene, Sp110 , that is known to show patterns of differential expression between behavioural classes in an organ used in mate choice—the vomeronasal organ. These results demonstrate that fine-scale structural changes are common and highly variable within species, despite being under-studied, and may be important targets of reinforcing selection in this system and others. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards the completion of speciation: the evolution of reproductive isolation beyond the first barriers’.

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