Evolution and Coadaptation of Thermoregulatory Behavior and Wing Pigmentation Pattern in Pierid Butterflies

Evolution ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel G. Kingsolver
Keyword(s):  
Thermoregulatory Behavior ◽  
Pigmentation Pattern ◽  
Wing Pigmentation

scholarly journals Sexually monomorphic wing pigmentation pattern does not contribute to mate choice in Drosophila guttifera

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuma Niida ◽  
Shigeyuki Koshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Dark Condition ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Pigmentation Pattern ◽  
Wing Pigmentation ◽  
Courtship Sound

AbstractIn many animal groups, sexually dimorphic ornaments are thought to be evolved by intraspecific competition or mate choice. Some researchers pointed out that sexually monomorphic ornaments could also be evolved by mate choice by both sexes or either sex. Many species of fruit fly have sexually monomorphic wing pigmentation. However, involvement of their sexually monomorphic ornaments in mate choice has not been tested. We aimed to examine whether the sexually monomorphic polka-dotted pattern on wings of Drosophila guttifera contributes to mate choice. Because D. guttifera does not mate in the dark condition at all and courtship sound was not observed, some visual information is likely to be used in mating behaviour. We compared the number of mates between individuals with and without wings, and found that presence of wings influenced mate choice in both sexes. We then compared the number of mates between individuals bearing replaced wings, one group for conspecific D. guttifera wings and another group for heterospecific D. melanogaster wings with no pigmentation pattern. The effect of conspecific/heterospecific wings was only detected in mate choice by females. By comparison between wild-type and black-painted wings, we found no evidence of contribution of wing pigmentation pattern to mate choice in either sex.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis reveals evolutionary co-option of neural development and signaling genes for the wing pigmentation pattern of the polka-dotted fruit fly

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Fukutomi ◽  
Shu Kondo ◽  
Atsushi Toyoda ◽  
Shuji Shigenobu ◽  
Shigeyuki Koshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Gene Regulatory Networks ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Melanin Pigmentation ◽  
Pigmentation Pattern ◽  
Wing Pigmentation ◽  
Gene Regulatory

AbstractHow evolutionary novelties have arisen is one of the central questions in evolutionary biology. Pre-existing gene regulatory networks or signaling pathways have been shown to be co-opted for building novel traits in several organisms. However, the structure of entire gene regulatory networks and evolutionary events of gene co-option for emergence of a novel trait are poorly understood. In this study, we used a novel wing pigmentation pattern of the polka-dotted fruit fly, and identified the complete set of genes for pigmentation pattern formation by de novo genome sequencing and transcriptome analyses. In pigmentation areas of wings, 151 genes were positively or negatively regulated by wingless, a master regulator of wing pigmentation. Genes for neural development, Wnt signaling, Dpp signaling, Zinc finger transcription factors, and effectors (such as enzymes) for melanin pigmentation were included among these 151 genes. None of the known regulatory genes that regulate pigmentation pattern formation in other fruit fly species were included. Our results suggest that the novel pigmentation pattern of the polka-dotted fruit fly emerged through multi-step co-options of multiple gene regulatory networks, signaling pathways, and effector genes, rather than recruitment of one large gene circuit.

Laboratory Exercise on the Segregation of Flower Color and Related Genes Using Salpiglossis sinuata

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 555b-555
Author(s):  
Chiwon W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Pigmentation Pattern ◽  
Laboratory Exercise ◽  
Demonstration Plant ◽  
Corolla Color

Velvet flower (Salpiglossis sinuata, Solanaceae) can be used as an excellent demonstration plant for horticultural crop breeding classes. Salpiglossis produces large trumpet-like flowers exhibiting an assortment of corolla color and pigmentation pattern. The pistil is large (3 to 4 cm long) with a sticky stigmatal tip and anthers can be easily emasculated prior to anthesis. The large pollen grains are shed in tetrads, which can be separated and individually placed on the stigma. It takes 8 to 9 weeks from seeding to blooming, with a prolific flowering cycle repeated in flushes. Numerous seeds (about 750/capsule) are obtained in 3 weeks after self- or cross-pollination. The influences of three genes that control flower color and pigmentation pattern can be conveniently demonstrated with their dominant and recessive alleles. The R gene controls flower color with red (RR or Rr) being dominant over yellow (rr) flower color. The D gene controls the density of pigmentation with solid (DD or Dd) color being dominant over dilute (dd) color. Corolla color striping is controlled by the St gene with striped (stst) being recessive to non-striped (StSt or Stst) pattern. For example, by using diploid lines of genotypes RRDD (red, solid), RRdd (red, dilute), or rrdd (yellow, dilute) and their crosses, students can easily learn a dominant phenotypic expression in the F1 hybrid and the digenic 9:3:3:1 segregation ratio in the F2 progeny. Another gene (C) that controls flower opening can also be used to show its influence on cleistogamous (closed, self-pollinated, CC or Cc) versus normal chasmogamous (open-pollinated, cc) corolla development. In addition, the induction and use of polyploid (4X, 3X) plants in plant breeding can be effectively demonstrated using this species.

scholarly journals Thermoregulatory behavior and high thermal preference buffer impact of climate change in a Namib Desert lizard

Ecosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e02033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kirchhof ◽  
Robyn S. Hetem ◽  
Hilary M. Lease ◽  
Donald B. Miles ◽  
Duncan Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Thermal Preference ◽  
Namib Desert ◽  
Thermoregulatory Behavior ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Desert Lizard
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