Primary and Secondary Transition Zones in Speciation and Population Differentiation: A Phylogenetic Analysis of Range Expansion

Evolution ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Secondary Transition ◽  
Transition Zones

Phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis of Devonian phyllocarid crustaceans

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alycia L. Rode ◽  
Bruce S. Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Biogeographic Analysis ◽  
Low Rate

Middle and Upper Devonian members of the phyllocarid order Archaeostraca Claus, 1888, are analyzed in both a phylogenetic and biogeographic context. Results of the phylogenetic analysis show that the suborders Ceratiocaridina Clarke in Zittel, 1900, and Rhinocaridina Hall and Clarke, 1888, are paraphyletic as traditionally defined. The diagnoses of these suborders are revised and the use of the suborders Echinocaridina Clarke in Zittel, 1900, and Pephricaridina Van Straelen, 1933, is proposed. Ceratiocaridina now contains the family Ceratiocarididae Salter, 1860; Rhinocaridina contains the family Rhinocarididae Hall and Clarke, 1888; Echinocaridina includes the families Aristozoidae Gürich, 1929, Ptychocarididae n. fam., and Echinocarididae Clarke in Zittel, 1900; Pephricaridina includes the families Pephricarididae Van Straelen, 1933, and Ohiocarididae Rolfe, 1962. Generic definitions within the Rhinocarididae, in particular “Rhinocaris” Clarke in Hall and Clarke, 1888, are revised. The genus Echinocaris is redefined to include a monophyletic assemblage of species. Each of these clades is supported by several synapomorphies. Two new genera, Paraechinocaris and Carinatacaris, are proposed. Biogeographic analysis of this group reveals an extremely low rate of vicariant speciation, while episodes of range expansion are frequent. All occurrences of vicariance preceded the Late Devonian mass extinction. This may suggest a relationship between increased dispersal, diminished speciation, and the Late Devonian biotic crisis. Parallels between the Late Devonian mass extinction and the modern biodiversity crisis are suggested by the frequency of episodes of range expansion indicative of invasive species.

scholarly journals Glacial allopatry vs. postglacial parapatry and peripatry: the case of hedgehogs

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Černa Bolfíková ◽  
Kristýna Eliášová ◽  
Miroslava Loudová ◽  
Boris Kryštufek ◽  
Petros Lymberakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Clustering Methods

Although hedgehogs are well-known examples of postglacial recolonisation, the specific processes that shape their population structures have not been examined by detailed sampling and fast-evolving genetic markers in combination with model based clustering methods. This study aims to analyse the impacts of isolation within glacial refugia and of postglacial expansion on the population structure of the Northern White-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus roumanicus). It also discusses the role of the processes at edges of species distribution in its evolutionary history. The maternally inherited mitochondrial control region and the bi-parentally inherited nuclear microsatellites were used to examine samples within the Central Europe, Balkan Peninsula and adjacent islands. Bayesian coalescent inference and neutrality tests proposed a recent increase in the population size. The most pronounced pattern of population structure involved differentiation of the insular populations in the Mediterranean Sea and the population within the contact zone with E. europaeus in Central Europe. An interspecies hybrid was detected for the first time in Central Europe. A low genetic diversity was observed in Crete, while the highest genetic distances among individuals were found in Romania. The recent population in the post-refugial area related to the Balkan Peninsula shows a complex pattern with pronounced subpopulations located mainly in the Pannonian Basin and at the Adriatic and Pontic coasts. Detailed analyses indicate that parapatry and peripatry may not be the only factors that limit range expansion, but also strong microevolutionary forces that may change the genetic structure of the species. Here we present evidence showing that population differentiation may occur not only during the glacial restriction of the range into the refugia, but also during the interglacial range expansion. Population differentiation at the Balkan Peninsula and adjacent regions could be ascribed to diversification in steppe/forest biomes and complicated geomorphology, including pronounced geographic barriers as Carpathians.

Morphological, histological and molecular characterization of Myxidium cf. rhodei infecting the kidney of Rutilus rutilus

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
MD Dorjievna Batueva ◽  
X Pan ◽  
J Zhang ◽  
X Liu ◽  
W Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Suture Line ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Supplementary Data

In the present study, we provide supplementary data for Myxidium cf. rhodei Léger, 1905 based on morphological, histological and molecular characterization. M. cf. rhodei was observed in the kidneys of 918 out of 942 (97%) roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758). Myxospores of M. cf. rhodei were fusiform with pointed ends, measuring 12.7 ± 0.1 SD (11.8-13.4) µm in length and 4.6 ± 0.1 (3.8-5.4) µm in width. Two similar pear-shaped polar capsules were positioned at either ends of the longitudinal axis of the myxospore: each of these capsules measured 4.0 ± 0.1 (3.1-4.7) µm in length and 2.8 ± 0.1 (2.0-4.0) µm in width. Polar filaments were coiled into 4 to 5 turns. Approximately 18-20 longitudinal straight ridges were observed on the myxospore surface. The suture line was straight and distinctive, running near the middle of the valves. Histologically, the plasmodia of the present species were found in the Bowman’s capsules, and rarely in the interstitium of the host. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that M. cf. rhodei was sister to M. anatidum in the Myxidium clade including most Myxidium species from freshwater hosts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document