scholarly journals Selection and Inversion Polymorphism in Experimental Populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura Initiated with the Chromosomal Constitutions of Natural Populations

Evolution ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wyatt W. Anderson ◽  
Th. Dobzhansky ◽  
Costas D. Kastritsis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Inversion Polymorphism ◽  
Drosophila Pseudoobscura ◽  
Experimental Populations ◽  
And Inversion

Monitoring of the genetic structure of natural populations: change of the effective population size and inversion polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura

Genetica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Stamenkovic-Radak ◽  
Gordana Rasic ◽  
Tatjana Savic ◽  
Predrag Kalajdzic ◽  
Zorana Kurbalija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Drosophila Subobscura ◽  
Inversion Polymorphism ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
And Inversion

Selection in natural and experimental populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wyatt W. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Drosophila Pseudoobscura ◽  
Heterozygote Advantage ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Balanced Polymorphism ◽  
Experimental Populations ◽  
Shed Light

The inverted gene arrangements of Drosophila pseudoobscura were used by Th. Dobzhansky in pioneering analyses of natural selection. Recent experiments have shed light on the mechanisms of selection contributing to the balanced polymorphism for the gene arrangements. In experimental populations, both major components of fitness, viability and fertility, are frequency dependent, and rare genotypes often have a selective advantage. Viabilities are also density dependent. The frequency dependence and density dependence of the fitness components are not universal. Some karyotypes are strongly influenced by frequency or density, some are slightly influenced, and some do not appear to be influenced at all. The role of heterozygote advantage in the selection on the gene arrangements is not clear. It is probably one important element in the overall selection, but viability and fertility do not always show a heterozygote advantage. Viability and fertility components of selection seem to be about equally important in changing inversion frequencies. Male mating success is an important component of selection in natural populations, and in one population rare male karyotypes have been found to have a pronounced mating advantage.Key words: selection, selection components, Drosophila pseudoobscura, inversions.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence in M. Vetukhiv's experimental populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura 3. Divergence in Body Size

1966 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wyatt W. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Phenotypic Change ◽  
Drosophila Pseudoobscura ◽  
Experimental Populations ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Significant Genetic Divergence

1. Six initially identical populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura have been maintained in population cages for 7 years. Two populations have been kept at 16°C, two at 25°C, and two at 27°C.2. One and a half years after the start, there was no significant genetic divergence in body size among the populations. When the populations were about 6 years old, a striking genetic divergence in body size was found. The genetic difference between the populations having the smallest and the largest mean sizes is over half the total phenotypic change in size between the two extreme temperatures at which the populations were kept. The populations kept at the lower temperature have genetically larger flies than the populations kept at the higher temperatures.3. Accompanying the changes in body size were changes in the time of develop ment from egg to adult, the faster developers being the larger flies.4. The F1 hybrids from crossses between Vetukhiv's populations showed non-additivity of the genes for body size, the F1's in most cases being significantly larger than the midparent. There was no change in variability of body size in the F1 or F2 hybrids.5. The temperature-directed selection for body size found in Vetukhiv's experimental populations may well be similar in kind to that which has produced temperature-oriented geographic gradients for body size in natural populations of several species of Drosophila.

scholarly journals INVERSION POLYMORPHISM OF NATURAL POPULATIONS ANOPHELES BEKLEMISHEVI STEGNII ET KABANOVA IN WESTERN SIBERIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Soboleva ◽  
◽  
V.S. Fedorova ◽  
V.A. Burlak ◽  
M.V. Sharakhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Inversion Polymorphism ◽  
Malaria Mosquitoes ◽  
And Inversion ◽  
First Time ◽  
Anopheles Beklemishevi

The geographical distribution and inversion polymorphism of malaria mosquitoes Anopheles beklemishevi Stegnii et Kabanova in the West Siberia were investigated. X chromosome homozygous cytotypes were defined by fluorescent in situ hybridization of microdissected DNA-probe, labeling the breakpoints region of X chromosome inversions. For the first time the samples, which are homozygous and hemizygous by inversions X1 и X2 were detected. Cytotypes representation and frequencies have not differences between northern and southern (Altay) population of the malaria mosquitoes.

scholarly journals Karyotype and inversion polymorphism of natural populations Glyptotendipes glaucus (meigen), 1818 (diptera, chironomidae) from the small reservoirs of Kaliningrad

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia V Vinokurova ◽  
Evgeniya A Kalinina ◽  
Edgar E Stol’
Keyword(s):  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Inversion Polymorphism ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Inversion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Glyptotendipes Glaucus

Background. A larvae of family Chironomidae are the most mass and widespread species of macrozoobenthos and play an important role in the lives of almost all types of reservoirs. They constitute a convenient model in the analysis of anthropogenic influences. Besides, chironomids have the largest polytene chromosomes in nature that allow carrying out cytogenetic analysis of the impact of various toxic substances on chromosomal aberrations. Materials and methods. The karyotype and chromosomal inversion polymorphism one of the species phytophilic chironomids Glyptotendipes glaucus (Meigen, 1818) from five reservoirs of Kaliningrad (ponds Chistyi and Mel’nichnyi, system of ponds Karasevka, lakes Pen’kovoe and Shkol’noe) was studied. Cytological mapping of chromosomes was performed by system of Belyanina and Durnova (1998). Results. The levels of natural inversion polymorphism for each populations were determined. Comparison of inversion polymorphism with early data for Saratov, Bryansk and Kaliningrad regions was carried. The preservation of tendencies of distribution and prevalence gomo-and heterozygotic inversions of glaB1.2, glaB2.2 and also consolidation in the karyofund of populations sequence glaA2 in the heterozygous state in ponds Karasevka and Chistyi was observed. The characteristic for an earlier research of populations Glyptotendipes glaucus of Kaliningrad the presence inversion sequences glaG4 and glaD2 is retained. The level of inversion polymorphism for reservoirs of Kaliningrad has decreased and has approached nearer to data for Bryansk and Saratov regions. Conclusion. Based on these results we can offer a working hypothesis of a direct dependence of value of chromosomal polymorphism on the level of pollution of reservoirs ions of heavy metals (Kaliningrad), long-living radionuclides (Bryansk region), nitrates and ions of ammoniac nitrogen (Saratov region).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document