The Development of the 1983 Outbreak of the Common Armyworm, Mythimna convecta, in Eastern Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. McDonald ◽  
K. P. Bryceson ◽  
R. A. Farrow
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Armyworm

Spatial partitioning in the use of structural woody habitat supports the cohabitation of two cod species in a large lowland river

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lieschke ◽  
J. P. Lyon ◽  
P. D. Moloney ◽  
S. J. Nicol
Keyword(s):  
Lowland River ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Spatial Partitioning ◽  
Murray River ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Common ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Murray Cod

Many freshwater fish worldwide have been shown to use Structural Woody Habitat (SWH) for a variety of reasons. The mid reaches of the Murray River, a large lowland river in south-eastern Australia, was surveyed by boat electrofishing, to investigate the use of SWH type (hollows, rootmass and solids), SWH distance to bank (near bank, intermediate to bank and mid-channel) and the interaction between SWH type and distance to bank. The study found that Murray cod catch per unit effort (CPUE) increased in near-bank areas when hollows were a component of the SWH. The CPUE of trout cod was higher when hollows were present. However, the interactions between distance to bank and hollow SWH were complex and dependent on presence or absence of rootmass. The species-specific interactions between SWH microhabitat and distance to bank found within this study has important relevance for stream managers. The common practice of realigning SWH favours Murray cod over trout cod, which could have negative consequences for the endangered trout cod. More broadly, managers may need to consider a balance of SWH type and where it is placed in the river for the species they are targeting when rehabilitating rivers via the introduction of SWH.

scholarly journals Hammer Chyme: The Russian-Doll Effect Limits Reconstructing Marine Trophic Food Webs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark de Bruyn ◽  
Matteo Barbato ◽  
Joseph D. DiBattista ◽  
Matt K. Broadhurst
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Interactions ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Carcharhinus Limbatus ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
The Common ◽  
Species Being

Abstract Increasing fishing effort, including bycatch and discard practices, are impacting marine biodiversity, particularly among slow-to-reproduce taxa such as elasmobranchs, and specifically sharks. While some fisheries involving sharks are sustainably managed, collateral mortalities continue, contributing towards >35% of species being threatened with extinction. To effectively manage shark stocks, life-history information, including resource use/feeding ecologies is pivotal, especially among those species with wide-ranging distributions and habitats. Two cosmopolitan sharks bycaught off eastern Australia are the common blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus; globally classified as Near Threatened) and great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran; Critically Endangered). We opportunistically sampled the digestive tracts of these two species and also any whole prey; (termed the ‘Russian-doll’ approach) caught in bather-protection gillnets off northern New South Wales to investigate their regional feeding ecologies and the capacity for DNA metabarcoding to delineate trophic interactions. Sphyrna mokkaran fed predominantly on Myliobatiformes and Rajiformes, but also teleosts, while C. limbatus mostly consumed teleosts, with some inter-specific dietary overlap of prey items. Extensive cross-contamination of predator and prey digestive tracts, likely via the predator’s stomach chyme, was evident from the metabarcoding assays limiting the opportunity to delineate trophic interactions from these data. This Russian-doll effect requires further investigation in DNA metabarcoding studies focused on dietary preferences, but implies any outcomes will need to be interpreted concomitant with traditional visual approaches.

Brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula, populations in south-western Australia: demography, diet and conservation status

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. How ◽  
S. J. Hillcox
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Trichosurus Vulpecula ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Present Distribution ◽  
Dietary Study ◽  
The Common

The common brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula, has suffered a marked reduction in its geographic range from the arid areas of Western Australia and now is abundant only in the more mesic forests and woodlands of the south-west. A mark–recapture and dietary study of a population in the tuart/peppermint forests near Busselton found that the species occurred at a density of 2–3 individuals per hectare, fed principally on peppermint, Agonis flexuosa, but occurred in all treed habitats in the area, including Pinus radiata plantations. Females matured in their third year and produced a single young annually between April and September that was weaned about seven months later. Comparisons between the demographic parameters of this population and that of a study from semiarid south-western Australia showed marked differences, which were comparable to variation shown by population studies of T. vulpecula in eastern Australia and New Zealand. Predation and habitat alteration have probably had a marked effect on determining the present distribution and abundance of the species in south-western Australia.

Will arboreal mammals use rope-bridges across a highway in eastern Australia?

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross L. Goldingay ◽  
David Rohweder ◽  
Brendan D. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Camera Traps ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Pseudocheirus Peregrinus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Brushtail Possum ◽  
Squirrel Glider ◽  
Road Crossing ◽  
Ringtail Possum

Artificial structures designed to promote road-crossing by arboreal mammals are increasingly being installed in Australia but there is a limited understanding of their usefulness. We studied five 50–70-m-long rope-bridges (encompassing three designs) erected across the Pacific Highway, a major freeway in eastern Australia. Native arboreal mammals showed a willingness to explore these structures, being detected by camera traps on four rope-bridges. The vulnerable squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) crossed on one rope-bridge at least once every 4.5 weeks over a 32-week period. The feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus), common ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) and the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) were detected on one of two rope-bridges that extended under the freeway at creek crossings. The feathertail glider was detected on all three rope-bridge designs. Our results suggest that rope-bridges have the potential to restore habitat connectivity disrupted by roads for some arboreal mammals. Further research is needed to refine the design and placement of rope-bridges as well as to determine whether these structures promote gene flow.

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