Analysis of Biological Control of Cassava Pests in Africa. III. Cassava Green Mite Mononychellus tanajoa

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 941 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Gutierrez ◽  
J. S. Yaninek ◽  
B. Wermelinger ◽  
H. R. Herren ◽  
C. K. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Mononychellus Tanajoa ◽  
Cassava Green Mite ◽  
Green Mite

scholarly journals PAIRWISE ASSOCIATION AS A CRITERION FOR THE SELECTION OF COLLECTION SITES OF NATURAL ENEMIES OF THE CASSAVA GREEN MITE, Mononychellus tanajoa (BONDAR)

1996 ◽  
Vol 53 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 324-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. RODRIGUES ◽  
L.C. PARAÍBA ◽  
G. J. de MORAES
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Mononychellus Tanajoa ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Cassava Green Mite ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Green Mite ◽  
Collection Sites ◽  
Selection Of

Climatic similarity has been the primary parameter considered in the selection of sites for the collection and release of natural enemies in classical biological control programs. However, acknowledging the relevance of the composition of biological communities can be essential for improving the record of successful biocontrol projects, in relation to the proper selection of collection sites. We present in this paper an analysis of the plant and mite assemblages in cassava fields of northeastern Brazil. Such analysis is suggested as an additional criterion for the selection of collection sites of mite predators of the cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar), in an international biological control program. Contingency TABLES were built using Dice's index as an indicator of significant associations between pairs of species. This analysis enabled the identification of plant and mite species typically found together, indicating interspecific interactions or similar ecological requirements. Finally, a cluster analysis was used to group sites containing similar assemblages. These sites exhibit comparable chances of harboring a given species. Applied at the species-group level, the analysis may assist in better defining sites for the collection of natural enemies to be released in a given region, improving the chances of establishment.

Potential of the mite-pathogenic fungus Neozygites floridana (Entomophthorales: Neozygitaceae) for control of the cassava green mite Mononychellus tanajoa (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Elliot ◽  
G.J. de Moraes ◽  
I. Delalibera ◽  
C.A.D. da Silva ◽  
M.A. Tamai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Mononychellus Tanajoa ◽  
Cassava Green Mite ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Neozygites Floridana ◽  
Green Mite

AbstractThe cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar), is an exotic pest in Africa and is the target of a classical biological control programme. Field data from the Neotropics, where it is indigenous, are presented for the first time, charting the variation in abundance of M. tanajoa over several seasons. This was highly variable, with a characteristic trough mid-year and a peak at the turn of the year. This pattern corresponded positively with rainfall levels, appearing to fit a phenology also characteristic of African studies, where rainfall at the start of the wet season promotes a leaf flush and so growth in M. tanajoa populations. Analyses implied some impact of leaf-inhabiting predatory mites (predominantly Neoseiulus idaeusDenmark & Muma) and a considerable impact of the fungal pathogen Neozygites floridana Fisher on M. tanajoa populations. This pathogen was not observed in the host population for several (generally dry) periods implying survival outside the host, perhaps as resting spores. This is a particularly desirable characteristic of a biological control agent. It is therefore proposed that N. floridanamight be of particular use in drier cassava-growing areas where rainfall at the outset of the wet season is not sufficiently intense to cause heavy M. tanajoa mortality but may be sufficient to stimulate epizootics of the fungal pathogen, protecting the flush of new cassava growth.

Preselecting predatory mites for biological control: the use of an olfactometer

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Janssen ◽  
C.D. Hofker ◽  
A.R. Braun ◽  
N. Mesa ◽  
M.W. Sabelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Mononychellus Tanajoa ◽  
Cassava Green Mite ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Green Mite

AbstractPrevious investigations showed that (1) predatory mites use odours volatilizing from spider-mite infested plants for remote prey selection and (2) the response to the volatiles is correlated to the predator's ability to control populations of the prey species. Based on this correlation, it is hypothesized that preselecting predatory mites with the aid of olfactometer experiments will increase the probability of finding an efficient natural enemy. Y-tube olfactometer experiments with 11 species of phytoseiids showed that only four species were attracted by the odour of cassava leaves infested with cassava green mite Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar). If the hypothesis mentioned above is valid, the probability of finding an efficient natural enemy within this group of four will be higher than finding one by randomly taking a species from the initial group of 11 species. Since testing of phytoseiids with an olfactometer can be done in a few hours, it is suggested that these tests precede more laborious evaluation methods.

scholarly journals Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. for the control of the mite Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar)

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Soares Barreto ◽  
Edmilson Jacinto Marques ◽  
Manoel Guedes Corrêa Gondim Jr. ◽  
José Vargas de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mononychellus Tanajoa ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Green Mite ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Selection Of

The green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae), is considered to be one of the key pests in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crants, leading to considerable field losses. In this study, ten Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and ten Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. isolates were evaluated with regard to their potential as biological control agents against adult M. tanajoa females. The total mortality percentage of M. tanajoa caused by B. bassiana ranged from 13.0 to 97.0%, with confirmed mortality rates extending from 9.0 to 91.0% and LT50 varying from 4.2 to 17.0 days. The M. anisopliae isolates showed total mortality percentages ranging from 12.0 to 45.0% with confirmed mortality rates extending from 8.0 to 45.0%, and LT50 varying from 8.6 to 19.8 days. Lethal Concentrations (LC50) of 3.93 × 10(6) conidia mL-1 and 7.44 × 10(8) conidia mL-1 were determined for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively. B. bassiana isolate 645 was the most efficient, being an alternative for use in biological control programs against the cassava green mite.

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