Long-Range Host-Finding Behaviour of the Onion Fly Delia antiqua (Diptera: Anthomyiidae): Ecological and Physiological Constraints

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 829 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. R. Judd ◽  
J. H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Delia Antiqua ◽  
Onion Fly ◽  
Physiological Constraints

scholarly journals Infrared radiation from hot cones on cool conifers attracts seed-feeding insects

2008 ◽  
Vol 276 (1657) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Takács ◽  
Hannah Bottomley ◽  
Iisak Andreller ◽  
Tracy Zaradnik ◽  
Joseph Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Mast Seeding ◽  
Experimental Ir ◽  
Ir Radiation ◽  
Leptoglossus Occidentalis ◽  
Conifer Seed

Foraging animals use diverse cues to locate resources. Common foraging cues have visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile or gustatory characteristics. Here, we show a foraging herbivore using infrared (IR) radiation from living plants as a host-finding cue. We present data revealing that (i) conifer cones are warmer and emit more near-, mid- and long-range IR radiation than needles, (ii) cone-feeding western conifer seed bugs, Leptoglossus occidentalis (Hemiptera: Coreidae), possess IR receptive organs and orient towards experimental IR cues, and (iii) occlusion of the insects' IR receptors impairs IR perception. The conifers' cost of attracting cone-feeding insects may be offset by occasional mast seeding resulting in cone crops too large to be effectively exploited by herbivores.

Delia antiqua. [Distribution map].

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Delia Antiqua ◽  
Onion Fly ◽  
Hylemya Antiqua ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Delia antiqua (Mg.) (Hylemya antiqua(Mg.) (Dipt., Anthomyiidae) (Onion Fly). Host Plants: Onion, garlic, leek, shallot. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Austria Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spam, Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), Cyprus, India, Iran, Israel, Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Turkey, USSR, AFRICA, Egypt, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Mexico, USA, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil, Colombia.

A SPECTRAL ZONE OF COLOR PREFERENCE FOR THE ONION FLY, DELIA ANTIQUA (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE), WITH REFERENCE TO THE REFLECTIVE INTENSITY OF TRAPS

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 849-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Color Preference ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Delia Antiqua ◽  
Onion Fly ◽  
High Preference ◽  
Visible Wavelengths ◽  
First Time

AbstractIt was hypothesized that Delia antiqua (Meigen), the onion fly, would show high preference in the field for trap colors reflecting visible wavelengths between 400 and 480 nm at reflective intensities above 37%. This preferred spectral zone (PSZ) was tested in an onion field in 1984, using cardboard traps painted with 11 blue, violet, and green hues, and two PSZ reflecting colors of varying intensity. It was found that colors with peak reflective wavelengths occurring between 400 and 470 nm, at or above 30% reflectance intensity, were most preferred. Wavelength-specific reflectance intensity was shown for the first time under field conditions to influence the magnitude of color preference in the onion fly.

Chemical control of onion fly, Delia antiqua

1977 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SAYNOR ◽  
D. S. HILL
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Delia Antiqua ◽  
Onion Fly

Studies of British Anthomyiid Flies. IX.—Biology of the Onion Fly, Delia antiqua (Mg.)

1958 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Miles
Keyword(s):  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Delia Antiqua ◽  
Onion Fly ◽  
Pupal Development ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Preoviposition Period ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Pupal Diapause ◽  
The Times ◽  
Autumn And Winter

SummaryThe Onion Fly (Delia antiqua (Mg.)) was bred at Wye, Kent, under insectary and laboratory conditions to obtain further information on its biology and reactions to various temperatures.A comparison of the times of emergence of overwintering generations of Onion Fly and Cabbage Root Fly (Erioischia brassicae (Bch.)) in an insectary showed that the former emerged consistently about a month later than the latter. This supported the observations of previous workers that the Onion Fly was not active in the field until late May.A diet containing protein was necessary for oviposition. The length of the preoviposition period was affected by temperature. Flies maintained at 25°C. laid eggs in 10–24 days, with an average of 15 days. At spring and summer laboratory temperatures (12–29°C.) the preoviposition period was 10–25 days, with an average of 15 days; and in autumn and winter (11–20°) it was 11–46 days with an average of 21 days. Flies maintained at 6–8° did not lay eggs.Flies in captivity laid up to 123 eggs at the rate of 1–45 per day. Intervals between batches of eggs varied from 1–9 days, and the oviposition period was 7–25 days. Flies lived up to 6 days after oviposition.The incubation period depended on the temperature. Eggs at 25°C. hatched in 2 days; at 20° in 3–4 days; at 15° in 4–6 days; and at 7–10° in 9–14 days.The temperature also affected the duration of larval and pupal stages. At 25°C. the successive larval stadia required 2, 2 and 5–9 days, respectively. Lowering the temperature increased the time for development until at 9–11° the three larval stadia required 8–12, 8–18 and 24–37 days, respectively. At 25° the pupal stage lasted 12–17 days; at 20° it was 16–25 days, and at 15° it was from 35 days to over a year. At 25–30° the development from egg to adult was completed in 25 days; at 25° it required 28 days; at 22–27°, 30 days; at 19–24°, 33 days.At 25°C. the Onion Fly bred continuously without diapause. When larvae were reared at temperatures below about 18° pupal development was often retarded. Pupae formed from larvae reared at 12–18° and maintained at approximately that temperature, required 94–442 days to complete their development. By raising the temperature of pupae formed from larvae reared below 18°, it was demonstrated that a true diapause had been induced. Of 54 pupae raised to 25°, 8 (15%) completed their development in the expected time (13–16 days) and 46 (85%) required 94–208 days. Of 322 pupae formed from larvae reared in an insectary in May and June at 10–18° and exposed to July temperatures of 13–20°, 37 (11%) emerged in 25–35 days and 252 (78%) required 234–294 days. Similarly, of 283 pupae formed from larvae reared at 12–21° and exposed to a temperature of 15–23°, 30 (11%) completed their development in 21–31 days while 253 (89%) required 118–341 days. Exposure to low temperatures was not necessary to terminate pupal diapause.

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