scholarly journals On the self-Imposed Taxation of the Working Classes in the United Kingdom

1850 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 358 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Porter
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Self ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The United Kingdom

The Covid-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom and subjective well-being: Have the self-employed suffered more due to hours and income reductions?

2021 ◽  
pp. 026624262098676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yue ◽  
Marc Cowling
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Rare Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Hours Of Work ◽  
Period Data ◽  
The Uk

It is well documented that the self-employed experience higher levels of happiness than waged employees even when their incomes are lower. Given the UK government’s asymmetric treatment of waged workers and the self-employed, we use a unique Covid-19 period data set which covers the months leading up to the March lockdown and the months just after to assess three aspects of the Covid-19 crisis on the self-employed: hours of work reductions, the associated income reductions and the effects of both on subjective well-being. Our findings show the large and disproportionate reductions in hours and income for the self-employed directly contributed to a deterioration in their levels of subjective well-being compared to waged workers. It appears that their resilience was broken when faced with the reality of dealing with rare events, particularly when the UK welfare support response was asymmetric and favouring waged employees.

A working-class artist is something to be

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenn Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Real Power ◽  
The Real ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Rightful Place ◽  
Cultural Sector

The creative and cultural sectors in the United Kingdom largely exclude the working classes. Even the small number of working-class people who do ‘make it’ into these sectors often find themselves and their work badly treated by those who hold the real power. This article explores some of the experiences of working-class artists navigating the cultural sector and how exclusion, prejudice and precarity impacted and continue to impact them. It takes as its focus the filmmaker Alan Clarke and the playwright Andrea Dunbar, who were at the height of their success in the 1980s. It also considers the writers Darren McGarvey and Nathalie Olah, whose work has achieved prominence in recent years. It is through this focus I hope to demonstrate the long continuum of challenges for working-class creatives. This article also considers how, on the occasions when they are allowed the space they deserve, working-class artists have created powerful shifts in cultural production. Finally, it details some of the changes needed for working-class people to be able to take their rightful place in contributing to cultural life and the societal risks involved if they are denied that place.

Bureaucracy, Democracy, Liberty

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Ryan
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Moral Authority ◽  
The Self ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines some unanswered questions in John Stuart Mill's politics, especially with regards to bureaucracy, democracy, and liberty. These questions relate to what Mill thought about the bearing of the way India was governed on the way the United Kingdom should be governed; about the extent to which he had grown out of the anxiety about moral authority that permeated his essay “The Spirit of the Age”; and about the extent to which he felt that he had achieved a stable balance between a utilitarian concern with benevolent management and an “Athenian” concern with the self-assertive, self-critical, engaged, public-spirited, but independent-minded citizen. The chapter first considers Mill's views on the government of India and their implications for his ideas about empire, progress, and pluralism before discussing the issue of authority, along with his arguments in On Liberty.

Mind the gaps: Universal Credit and self-employment in the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-217
Author(s):  
Kevin Caraher ◽  
Enrico Reuter
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The Self ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Roll Out

Self-employment in the United Kingdom rose steadily until 2017, as part of wider changes in labour markets towards more flexible and potentially more vulnerable forms of employment. At the same time, welfare reform has continued under the current and previous governments, with a further expansion of conditionality with respect to benefit recipients. The incremental introduction of Universal Credit is likely to intensify the subjection of vulnerable categories of the self-employed to welfare conditionalities and to thus accentuate the ambivalent nature of self-employment. This article analyses the impact of Universal Credit on the self-employed by first discussing elements of precarity faced by the self-employed, and, second, by exploring the consequences of the roll-out of Universal Credit for those self-employed people who are reliant on the social protection system.

scholarly journals Exploring entrepreneurial roles and identity in the United Kingdom and China

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Bell ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Huirong Zhan ◽  
David Bozward ◽  
Jing Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Constructs ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Holistic Understanding

This article examines entrepreneurial identity in both the United Kingdom and China through the lenses of identity theory and social identity theory to develop a deeper and more holistic understanding of the concept of entrepreneurial identity. By examining the entrepreneur as both a role and an identity, this article explores how an entrepreneur views the role of the entrepreneur, the counter-roles to the entrepreneur, and the “self-as-entrepreneur” and seeks to understand how entrepreneurs construct their identity as an entrepreneur. By looking at the role identity in different social constructs, a more nuanced view of entrepreneurial identity can be uncovered for entrepreneurs in both the United Kingdom and China. The study argues that entrepreneurs in the United Kingdom use counter-roles to bridge the disconnect between their understanding of the entrepreneur-as-role and the self-as-entrepreneur, whereas entrepreneurs in China have less conflict reconciling the two and use the counter-role as a way to paint entrepreneurship as a “calling,” justifying their abandonment of other identities.

Conclusion: Inequality, Liminality and Risk

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-158
Author(s):  
Pauline Leonard ◽  
Rachel J. Wilde
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
The Self ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

This chapter provides an overview of the book by drawing out four key themes which emerged through the chapters as of key significance for understanding youth employability in the United Kingdom: regionality, social inequality, liminality and risk. Taking each of these in turn, the chapter demonstrates how the pervasive force of neoliberalism shapes youth employment policy and youth labour markets in the diverse regions of the UK. In order to ‘get in’ and then to ‘get on’, Britain’s young people must demonstrate neoliberal qualities such as individualisation, responsibilisation and resilience to risk. At the same time, the ability to perform this version of the self is powerfully shaped by social structure.

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