Hierarchies of Computable groups and the word problem

1966 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank B. Cannonito
Keyword(s):  
Word Problem ◽  
Free Groups ◽  
Orientable Surface ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Church’S Thesis ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Closed Orientable Surface ◽  
Products Of Groups ◽  
Solvable Word Problem ◽  
Solvable Word

The word problem for groups was first formulated by M. Dehn [1], who gave a solution for the fundamental groups of a closed orientable surface of genus g ≧ 2. In the following years solutions were given, for example, for groups with one defining relator [2], free groups, free products of groups with a solvable word problem and, in certain cases, free products of groups with amalgamated subgroups [3], [4], [5]. During the period 1953–1957, it was shown independently by Novikov and Boone that the word problem for groups is recursively undecidable [6], [7]; granting Church's Thesis [8], their work implies that the word problem for groups is effectively undecidable.

scholarly journals Conjugacy Problem in the Fundamental Groups of High-Dimensional Graph Manifolds

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1330
Author(s):  
Raeyong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Group Structure ◽  
Conjugacy Problem ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Graph Manifold ◽  
Solvable Word Problem ◽  
Algorithmic Problems ◽  
Graph Manifolds ◽  
Dimensional Graph ◽  
Solvable Word

The conjugacy problem for a group G is one of the important algorithmic problems deciding whether or not two elements in G are conjugate to each other. In this paper, we analyze the graph of group structure for the fundamental group of a high-dimensional graph manifold and study the conjugacy problem. We also provide a new proof for the solvable word problem.

On Weighted Geodesics in Groups

1987 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Seymour Lipschutz
Keyword(s):  
Weight Function ◽  
Free Product ◽  
Word Problem ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Finitely Generated Groups ◽  
Solvable Word Problem ◽  
Geodesic Problem ◽  
Solvable Word

AbstractA word W in a group G is a geodesic (weighted geodesic) if W has minimum length (minimum weight with respect to a generator weight function α) among all words equal to W. For finitely generated groups, the word problem is equivalent to the geodesic problem. We prove: (i) There exists a group G with solvable word problem, but unsolvable geodesic problem, (ii) There exists a group G with a solvable weighted geodesic problem with respect to one weight function α1, but unsolvable with respect to a second weight function α2. (iii) The (ordinary) geodesic problem and the free-product geodesic problem are independent.

scholarly journals Operator algebras with hyperarithmetic theory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Goldbring ◽  
Bradd Hart
Keyword(s):  
Word Problem ◽  
Operator Algebras ◽  
Cuntz Algebra ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
C Algebra ◽  
Finitely Generated Group ◽  
C Algebras ◽  
Existentially Closed ◽  
Solvable Word Problem ◽  
Solvable Word

Abstract We show that the following operator algebras have hyperarithmetic theory: the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor $\mathcal R$, $L(\varGamma )$ for $\varGamma $ a finitely generated group with solvable word problem, $C^*(\varGamma )$ for $\varGamma $ a finitely presented group, $C^*_\lambda (\varGamma )$ for $\varGamma $ a finitely generated group with solvable word problem, $C(2^\omega )$ and $C(\mathbb P)$ (where $\mathbb P$ is the pseudoarc). We also show that the Cuntz algebra $\mathcal O_2$ has a hyperarithmetic theory provided that the Kirchberg embedding problems have affirmative answers. Finally, we prove that if there is an existentially closed (e.c.) II$_1$ factor (resp. $\textrm{C}^*$-algebra) that does not have hyperarithmetic theory, then there are continuum many theories of e.c. II$_1$ factors (resp. e.c. $\textrm{C}^*$-algebras).

scholarly journals Groups whose three-generator subgroups are free

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Baumslag ◽  
Peter B. Shalen
Keyword(s):  
Free Groups ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Amalgamated Free Products ◽  
Products Of Groups

We define a certain class of groups, Ck, which we show to contain the class of all k-free groups. Our main theorem shows that certain amalgamated free products of groups in C3, are again in C3. In the appendix we show that many 3-manifold groups belong to Ck for suitable k.

Separating Classes of Groups by First-Order Sentences

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 287-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Nies
Keyword(s):  
Nilpotent Group ◽  
Word Problem ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Finitely Presented Groups ◽  
First Order ◽  
Solvable Word Problem ◽  
Rank 2 ◽  
Finitely Presented ◽  
Solvable Word

For various proper inclusions of classes of groups [Formula: see text], we obtain a group [Formula: see text] and a first-order sentence φ such that H⊨φ but no G∈ C satisfies φ. The classes we consider include the finite, finitely presented, finitely generated with and without solvable word problem, and all countable groups. For one separation, we give an example of a f.g. group, namely ℤp ≀ ℤ for some prime p, which is the only f.g. group satisfying an appropriate first-order sentence. A further example of such a group, the free step-2 nilpotent group of rank 2, is used to show that true arithmetic Th(ℕ,+,×) can be interpreted in the theory of the class of finitely presented groups and other classes of f.g. groups.

scholarly journals The palindromic width of a free product of groups

2006 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery Bardakov ◽  
Vladimir Tolstykh
Keyword(s):  
Free Product ◽  
Free Groups ◽  
Uniform Bound ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Cyclic Groups ◽  
Similar Fact ◽  
Products Of Groups ◽  
Free Product Of Groups ◽  
Verbal Subgroups ◽  
Product Of Groups

AbstractPalindromes are those reduced words of free products of groups that coincide with their reverse words. We prove that a free product of groups G has infinite palindromic width, provided that G is not the free product of two cyclic groups of order two (Theorem 2.4). This means that there is no uniform bound k such that every element of G is a product of at most k palindromes. Earlier, the similar fact was established for non-abelian free groups. The proof of Theorem 2.4 makes use of the ideas by Rhemtulla developed for the study of the widths of verbal subgroups of free products.

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