On systems containing Aristotle's thesis

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Routley ◽  
H. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Quantification Theory ◽  
New Approach

“Apart from merits or defects of PA1, however, its existence demonstrates the feasibility of a new approach to the logic of propositions involving the principle of subjunctive contrariety. We thus have good reason to investigate the effect this principle, and a concept of conditionality compatible with it, might exert if introduced into standard quantification theory, into set theory, into modal logic and into epistemology and the philosophy of science.”

A new approach to the logic of discovery

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-27
Author(s):  
Gerald Massey
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Logic Of Discovery ◽  
Good Fortune ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Deep Sense

Contending that the quest for a logic of scientific discovery was prematurely abandoned, the author lays down eight phenomena that such a logic or theory must explain: the banality of scientific discovery; the trainability of scientists; the high incidence of simultaneous discoveries; the ubiquity of relative novices; the fact of scientific genius; the barrenness of isolated workers; the incommensurability of concepts of successive theories; and the quasi-incorporation of old concepts, objects, and methods in successor theories, The author then presents a new theory or logic of discovery according to which discoveries are the termini of "tweak paths" generated when scientists "tinker" with the laws, concepts, methods, and instruments of a given theory. Tinkering and tweaking are illustrated by examples from many-valued and modal logic and from Darwinian biology. Through the history of planetary discovery, the accidental role played by luck or good fortune in some discoveries is explored, but the author emphasizes that in a deep sense serendipity is an in eliminable feature of all scientific discovery because scientists never know m advance whether their tweaks will lead to dead ends or to positive developments. The author's new theory of scientific discovery is shown to account for all eight explananda, ft also reveals science to be a more egalitarian enterprise than the traditional view of scientific discovery as ultimately inexplicable depicts it.

Mindfulness at Work: A New Approach to Improving Individual and Organizational Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick K. Hyland ◽  
R. Andrew Lee ◽  
Maura J. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Work Setting ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Growing Body

In recent years the concept of mindfulness has become increasingly popular, and with good reason. A growing body of research indicates that mindfulness provides a number of physical, psychological, and even performance benefits. As a result, some organizations have started offering mindfulness programs to their employees. But despite growing interest, mindfulness has received little attention from the industrial–organizational community. In this article, we provide an overview of what mindfulness is, where the concept came from, how it has been utilized and studied to date, and what its application in the work setting is. We also propose new directions for researchers and practitioners.

The application of critical realism as a basis for agency in environmental education: The case of Roy Bhaskar

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Mehri Mirzaei Rafe ◽  
Khosrow Bagheri Noaparast ◽  
Afzal Sadat Hosseini ◽  
Narges Sajadieh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Real ◽  
New Materialisms ◽  
Human Habitation

AbstractThis article will investigate the philosophy of science of Roy Bhaskar (1944–2014) as a coherent basis for environmental education. The work of Bhaskar serves as an in-depth approach to understanding how to apply critical realism (the critical and the realist) to matters such as environmental education, because he concretely theorises the connections between science, social change and metaphysics. By mobilising key Bhaskarian motifs — that is, the primacy of ontology over epistemology, the laminated system as a means to understand reality, the ways in which inquiry may be organised through the real, actual and the empirical, and the positive application of dialectics — this article constructs a new approach to environmental education and positions it in the field of environmental education by comparing it to posthumanism and the new materialisms. This article contains inquiry-based study outlines for enhanced thinking around: (1) climate change and social justice; (2) movements towards a carbon-free economy; (3) water, food and population; and (4) the future of human habitation.

Set theory as modal logic

Studia Logica ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-345
Author(s):  
Herman Dishkant
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Set Theory

What is the ‘Problem of Induction’?

Philosophy ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (241) ◽  
pp. 325-340
Author(s):  
E. J. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Problem Of Induction ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Third ◽  
Key Concepts

This paper falls into three parts. In the first I retrace the steps which, have led many to consider that there is a ‘problem of induction’ which may have only a sceptical solution. In the second I explain why I think we cannot rest content with such a solution. In the third I try to show how a new approach to certain key concepts in the philosophy of science—in particular the concept of natural law—may help towards a non-sceptical resolution of the problem.

George Boolos. The iterative conception of set. The journal of philosophy, vol. 68 (1971), pp. 215–231. - Dana Scott. Axiomatizing set theory. Axiomatic set theory, edited by Thomas J. Jech, Proceedings of symposia in pure mathematics, vol. 13 part 2, American Mathematical Society, Providence1974, pp. 207–214. - W. N. Reinhardt. Remarks on reflection principles, large cardinals, and elementary embeddings. Axiomatic set theory, edited by Thomas J. Jech, Proceedings of symposia in pure mathematics, vol. 13 part 2, American Mathematical Society, Providence1974, pp. 189–205. - W. N. Reinhardt. Set existence principles of Shoenfield, Ackermann, and Powell. Fundament a mathematicae, vol. 84 (1974), pp. 5–34. - Hao Wang. Large sets. Logic, foundations of mathematics, and computahility theory. Part one of the proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, London, Ontario, Canada–1975, edited by Robert E. Butts and Jaakko Hintikka, The University of Western Ontario series in philosophy of science, vol. 9, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht and Boston1977, pp. 309–333. - Charles Parsons. What is the iterative conception of set?Logic, foundations of mathematics, and computahility theory. Part one of the proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, London, Ontario, Canada–1975, edited by Robert E. Butts and Jaakko Hintikka, The University of Western Ontario series in philosophy of science, vol. 9, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht and Boston1977, pp. 335–367.

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 544-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
American Mathematical Society ◽  
Publishing Company ◽  
Foundations Of Mathematics ◽  
Reidel Publishing Company ◽  
Pure Mathematics ◽  
Iterative Conception ◽  
The University ◽  
Axiomatic Set Theory
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